As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 2, 2003
Registration No. 333-
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM S-4
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
RIVERWOOD HOLDING, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 2631 | 58-2205241 | ||
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
814 Livingston Court
Marietta, Georgia 30067
(770) 644-3000
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number,
including area code, of registrant's principal executive offices)
Edward W. Stroetz, Jr., Esq.
Secretary
Riverwood Holding, Inc.
814 Livingston Court
Marietta, Georgia 30067
(770) 644-3000
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number,
including area code, of agent for service)
Copies to:
Paul S. Bird, Esq. Debevoise & Plimpton 919 Third Avenue New York, New York 10022 (212) 909-6000 |
Jill B.W. Sisson, Esq. General Counsel and Secretary Graphic Packaging International Corporation 4455 Table Mountain Drive Golden, Colorado 80403 (303) 215-4600 |
W. Dean Salter, Esq. Holme Roberts & Owen LLP 1700 Lincoln Street, Suite 4100 Denver, Colorado 80203 (303) 861-7000 |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this registration statement becomes effective and the satisfaction or waiver of all other conditions to the merger of Graphic Packaging International Corporation, or Graphic, with and into a wholly owned subsidiary of the registrant pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of March 25, 2003, or the merger agreement, attached as Annex A to the proxy statement/prospectus forming part of this registration statement.
If the securities being registered on this Form are being offered in connection with the formation of a holding company and there is compliance with General Instruction G, check the following box: o
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Title of Each Class of Securities to Be Registered |
Amount to be Registered(1) |
Proposed Maximum Offering Price Per Share |
Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price(2) |
Amount of Registration Fee |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Common Stock, $.01 par value | 85,062,998 shares | Not Applicable | $430,418,770 | $34,821 | ||||
Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock purchase rights(3) |
Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | ||||
The Registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until this registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this proxy statement/prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This proxy statement/prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
GRAPHIC PACKAGING INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION
MERGER PROPOSED YOUR VOTE IS VERY IMPORTANT
Riverwood Holding, Inc., or Riverwood, and Graphic Packaging International Corporation, or Graphic, have agreed on a merger transaction involving the two companies. In order to complete the merger, Graphic's stockholders must approve the merger agreement. Coors family stockholders holding 13,481,548 shares of Graphic's outstanding common stock and all of Graphic's outstanding 10% Series B convertible preferred stock, or the convertible preferred stock (entitled to vote separately as a class and to cast a total of 24,242,424 votes with the holders of Graphic common stock) have entered into a voting agreement. These shares represent approximately 65.1% of the combined voting power of Graphic's capital stock and 100% of the voting power of the convertible preferred stock as of March 25, 2003. The voting agreement requires these stockholders to vote their shares of Graphic common and convertible preferred stock in favor of the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement and to convert the convertible preferred stock into Graphic common stock. The executive officers and directors of Graphic have also advised that they intend to vote their shares in favor of the merger. Graphic is sending you this proxy statement/prospectus to ask Graphic stockholders to vote in favor of the merger agreement.
If the merger agreement is approved by Graphic stockholders and the merger consummated, the combined company, named , will be a new publicly traded paperboard packaging company. Riverwood will apply to have the combined company's stock listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Immediately before the effective time of the merger, Riverwood will complete a 15.21-to-one stock split of its common stock. As a Graphic stockholder, you will be entitled to receive one share of common stock of the combined company in exchange for each share of Graphic common stock that you own. After the merger, Graphic stockholders will own approximately 42.5% of the combined company's common stock, and Riverwood stockholders will own the remaining approximately 57.5% of the combined company's common stock, each calculated on a fully diluted basis.
All stockholders are invited to attend the special meeting. Your participation at the special meeting, in person or in proxy, is very important. Even if you only own a few shares, Graphic wants your shares to be represented at the special meeting. The merger of Graphic with Riverwood cannot be completed without the approval of the holders of two-thirds of the combined voting power of Graphic's capital stock (including the votes to which the holder of the convertible preferred stock is entitled) and the holder of two-thirds of the outstanding shares of the convertible preferred stock, voting as a separate class.
Whether or not you plan to attend the special meeting, please take the time to vote by completing, signing, dating and returning the enclosed proxy card in the enclosed postage-prepaid envelope. If you sign, date and mail your proxy card without indicating how you want to vote, your proxy will be counted as a vote "FOR" approval of the merger. If you fail to return your card, the effect will be a vote against the merger. Each proxy is revocable and will not affect your right to vote in person in the event you attend the special meeting.
The special meeting will take place on , 2003, at a.m. Mountain Time, at , .
This document is a prospectus of Riverwood relating to the issuance of shares of the combined company's common stock to be issued in connection with the merger and a proxy statement for Graphic to use in soliciting proxies for its meeting. It contains answers to frequently asked questions beginning on page 1 and a summary description of the merger beginning on page 4, followed by a more detailed discussion of the merger and related matters. You should also consider the matters discussed
under "RISK FACTORS" commencing on page 19 of the enclosed proxy statement/prospectus. We urge you to review the entire document carefully.
/s/ JEFFREY H. COORS Jeffrey H. Coors President and Chief Executive Officer Graphic Packaging International Corporation |
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed on the adequacy or accuracy of this proxy statement/prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
This proxy statement/prospectus is dated , 2003, and is first being mailed to stockholders on or about , 2003.
Graphic Packaging International Corporation
4455 Table Mountain Drive
Golden, Colorado 80403
Notice of Special Meeting of Stockholders
To Be Held on , 2003
To
the Stockholders of
Graphic Packaging International Corporation:
Notice is hereby given that a special meeting of stockholders of Graphic Packaging International Corporation will be held on , 2003, at a.m. Mountain Time, at , , for the following purposes:
1. To consider and vote upon a proposal to approve the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of March 25, 2003, by and among Riverwood Holding, Inc., Riverwood Acquisition Sub LLC, and Graphic Packaging International Corporation; and
2. To transact other business as may properly be presented at the special meeting or any adjournments of the special meeting.
Graphic will not be able to complete the merger unless its stockholders approve the merger agreement.
Stockholders of Graphic of record at the close of business on , 2003 are entitled to vote at the special meeting and any adjournment of the special meeting.
Whether or not you expect to attend the special meeting in person, please mark, sign, date and return the accompanying proxy in the return envelope provided. No postage is necessary if mailed in the United States. Any person giving a proxy has the power to revoke it at any time, and stockholders who are present at the special meeting may withdraw their proxies and vote in person.
By Order of the Board of Directors, | ||
/s/ JILL B.W. SISSON Jill B.W. Sisson, General Counsel and Secretary |
||
Golden, Colorado , 2003 |
PLEASE EXECUTE AND RETURN THE ENCLOSED PROXY CARD PROMPTLY,
WHETHER OR NOT YOU INTEND TO BE PRESENT AT THE SPECIAL MEETING.
Page |
|||
---|---|---|---|
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE MERGER | 1 | ||
SUMMARY |
5 |
||
The Companies |
5 |
||
The Merger | 6 | ||
Recommendation of the Board of Directors of Graphic | 6 | ||
Reasons for the Merger | 6 | ||
What Graphic Stockholders Will Receive in the Merger | 6 | ||
Treatment of Graphic Stock Options and Restricted Stock | 6 | ||
Graphic Stockholder Votes Required | 7 | ||
Voting Agreement | 7 | ||
Ownership of the Combined Company after the Merger | 7 | ||
Conditions to the Completion of the Merger | 8 | ||
Termination of Merger Agreement | 8 | ||
Effects of the Merger on the Rights of Graphic Stockholders | 10 | ||
Related Agreements | 10 | ||
Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger | 11 | ||
Merger Financing | 11 | ||
Regulatory Approvals | 12 | ||
Material Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Merger | 12 | ||
Listing of the Combined Company Common Stock | 12 | ||
Dissenters' Rights | 12 | ||
Accounting Treatment of the Merger | 13 | ||
Opinions of Graphic's Financial Advisors | 13 | ||
Legal Proceedings Regarding the Merger | 13 | ||
Risk Factors | 13 | ||
Summary Historical and Pro Forma Financial Data | 14 | ||
Riverwood Summary Historical Financial Data | 14 | ||
Graphic Summary Historical Financial Data | 16 | ||
Summary Unaudited Condensed Pro Forma Combined Financial Information | 18 | ||
Comparative Per Share Information | 19 | ||
Per Share Market Price Information | |||
RISK FACTORS | 20 | ||
Risks Relating to the Merger | 20 | ||
Risks Relating to the Combined Company's Business | 25 | ||
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS | 35 | ||
INFORMATION ABOUT THE SPECIAL MEETING AND VOTING | 36 | ||
Matters Relating to the Special Meeting | 36 | ||
Vote Necessary to Approve the Merger Agreement | 36 |
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Proxies | 37 | ||
Other Business; Adjournments | 38 | ||
THE PROPOSED MERGER | 39 | ||
General | 39 | ||
Graphic Proposal | 39 | ||
Background of the Merger | 39 | ||
Graphic's Reasons for the Merger | 43 | ||
Recommendation of the Board of Directors of Graphic | 45 | ||
Opinions of Graphic's Financial Advisors | 46 | ||
Riverwood's Reasons for the Merger | 54 | ||
Accounting Treatment of the Merger | 54 | ||
Material Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Merger | 55 | ||
Regulatory Approvals | 57 | ||
Dissenters' Rights | 58 | ||
Rights Agreement | 58 | ||
Federal Securities Laws Consequences; Stock Transfer Restriction Agreements | 59 | ||
Stock Exchange Listing; Delisting and Deregistration of Graphic Common Stock | 59 | ||
Merger Financing | 59 | ||
Legal Proceedings Regarding the Merger | 63 | ||
INTERESTS OF CERTAIN PERSONS IN THE MERGER | 64 | ||
Conversion Payment by Riverwood to the Holder of Convertible Preferred Stock | 64 | ||
New Employment Agreements with Jeffrey H. Coors and David W. Scheible | 64 | ||
Salary Continuation Agreement | 66 | ||
Other Graphic Executive Employment Agreements | 66 | ||
Executive Benefit Plans | 67 | ||
Graphic Deferred Compensation Plan | 68 | ||
Graphic Equity Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors | 68 | ||
Combined Company Board of Directors | 68 | ||
Indemnification of Directors and Officers | 68 | ||
THE MERGER AGREEMENT | 69 | ||
General | 69 | ||
Closing Matters | 69 | ||
Pre-Closing Steps; Merger Consideration; Treatment of Stock Options and Restricted Stock; Board and Management | 69 | ||
Exchange of Certificates in the Merger | 70 | ||
Listing of Combined Company Stock | 71 | ||
Covenants | 71 | ||
Other Covenants and Agreements | 74 | ||
Representations and Warranties | 75 |
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Conditions to the Completion of the Merger | 76 | ||
Termination of Merger Agreement | 77 | ||
Amendments, Extensions and Waivers | 79 | ||
MATERIAL TERMS OF RELATED AGREEMENTS | 80 | ||
Voting Agreement | 80 | ||
Stockholders Agreements | 82 | ||
Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement | 86 | ||
INFORMATION ABOUT RIVERWOOD | 88 | ||
Business | 88 | ||
Properties | 97 | ||
Legal Proceedings | 98 | ||
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 98 | ||
Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources | |||
Financial Statements | 127 | ||
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | 127 | ||
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 127 | ||
INFORMATION ABOUT GRAPHIC | 129 | ||
Business | 129 | ||
Recent Developments | |||
Properties | 133 | ||
Legal Proceedings | 134 | ||
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 135 | ||
Financial Statements and Selected Quarterly Financial Data | 149 | ||
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | 149 | ||
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 150 | ||
UNAUDITED CONDENSED PRO FORMA COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | 152 | ||
Unaudited Condensed Pro Forma Combined Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2002 | 152 | ||
Unaudited Condensed Pro Forma Combined Statement of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2002 | |||
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Combined Pro Forma Combined Financial Statements | |||
MANAGEMENT OF THE COMBINED COMPANY FOLLOWING THE MERGER AND OTHER INFORMATION | 153 | ||
Directors and Executive Officers of the Combined Company | 153 | ||
Executive CompensationRiverwood Executive Officers | 156 | ||
Executive CompensationGraphic Executive Officers | |||
Compensation of Directors | 163 | ||
Board Committees | 164 | ||
Employment Agreements | 165 |
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Stock Plans | 166 | ||
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS | 182 | ||
Riverwood | 182 | ||
Graphic | 183 | ||
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT | 185 | ||
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management of Riverwood | 185 | ||
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management of Graphic | 187 | ||
PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK AND DIVIDENDS | 189 | ||
Riverwood | |||
Graphic | |||
Combined Company | |||
COMPARISON OF STOCKHOLDER RIGHTS | 191 | ||
DESCRIPTION OF THE COMBINED COMPANY'S CAPITAL STOCK | 194 | ||
Overview | 194 | ||
Common Stock | 194 | ||
Preferred Stock | 194 | ||
Stockholders Agreements | 195 | ||
Change of Control Related Provisions of the Combined Company's Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws, and Delaware Law | 195 | ||
Stockholder Rights Plan | 198 | ||
Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement | 200 | ||
Listing | 200 | ||
Exchange Agent and Registrar | 200 | ||
LEGAL MATTERS | 201 | ||
EXPERTS | 201 | ||
INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS | 201 | ||
FUTURE STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS | 201 | ||
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION | 201 | ||
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | F-1 | ||
ANNEXES | |||
Annex AAgreement and Plan of Merger | |||
Annex BVoting Agreement | |||
Annex COpinion of Credit Suisse First Boston LLC | |||
Annex DOpinion of Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated |
iv
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE MERGER
For a more detailed description of the background and reasons for the merger, see "The Proposed Merger" beginning on page 39.
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2
If your shares of Graphic common stock are held in the name of a bank, broker or other nominee and you have directed such person(s) to vote your shares of Graphic common stock, you should instruct such nominee to change your vote or bring an account statement or letter from the nominee indicating that you are the beneficial owner of the shares on , 2003, the record date for voting.
If you sign your proxy card but do not indicate how you want to vote, your shares of Graphic common stock will be voted "FOR" approval of the merger agreement.
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This summary highlights selected information from this proxy statement/prospectus and may not contain all of the information that is important to you. To understand the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement fully and for a more complete description of the legal terms of the merger agreement, you should carefully read this entire document and the documents to which we refer you. See "Where You Can Find More Information" on page 197.
In this proxy statement/prospectus, the following terms have the meanings as set forth below:
"Acquisition Sub" | Riverwood Acquisition Sub LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly owned subsidiary of Riverwood. | |
"amended and restated registration rights agreement" |
The amended and restated registration rights agreement, dated as of March 25, 2003, among Riverwood, current stockholders of Riverwood and the Coors family stockholders. |
|
"combined company," "we," "us," and "our" |
Riverwood and Acquisition Sub, as successor to Graphic, together following the merger. |
|
"convertible preferred stock" |
Graphic's 10% Series B convertible preferred stock. |
|
"Coors family stockholders" |
The members of the Coors family (including Jeffrey H. Coors, President, Chief Executive Officer and a director of Graphic, and William K. Coors, also a director of Graphic), certain Coors family trusts and a Coors family foundation that are parties to a voting agreement with Riverwood described herein. |
|
"GPC" |
Graphic Packaging Corporation, a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Graphic Packaging Holdings, Inc., which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Graphic. |
|
"Graphic" |
Graphic Packaging International Corporation, a Colorado corporation. |
|
"merger" |
The merger of Graphic with and into Acquisition Sub, with Acquisition Sub surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of Riverwood. |
|
"merger agreement" |
The agreement and plan of merger, dated as of March 25, 2003, among Riverwood, Acquisition Sub and Graphic. |
|
"RIC" |
Riverwood International Corporation, a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of RIC Holding. |
|
"RIC Holding" |
RIC Holding, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Riverwood. |
|
"Riverwood" |
The registrant, Riverwood Holding, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries. |
|
"stockholders agreement" |
The stockholders agreement, dated as of March 25, 2003, as amended by an amendment no. 1, dated as of April 29, 2003, among Riverwood, certain of its current stockholders and the Coors family stockholders. |
|
"voting agreement" |
The voting agreement, dated as of March 25, 2003, among Riverwood and the Coors family stockholders. |
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THE COMPANIES (see page 89 to 144)
Riverwood
Holding, Inc.
814 Livingston Court
Marietta, Georgia 30067
(770) 644-3000
Internet address: www.riverwood.com
Riverwood is a Delaware corporation that manufactures paperboard packaging and paperboard for beverage and consumer products companies. Riverwood currently is privately owned, and its common stock does not trade on any stock exchange, Nasdaq or the OTC Bulletin Board. After the merger, Riverwood will change its name to " ." Riverwood will apply to have the combined company's common stock listed on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, under the symbol " ." The listing will take effect at the effective time of the merger.
Riverwood
Acquisition Sub LLC
814 Livingston Court
Marietta, Georgia 30067
(404) 644-3000
Acquisition Sub is a recently formed Delaware limited liability company that is a wholly owned subsidiary of Riverwood. At the time of the merger, Acquisition Sub will have conducted no business other than in connection with the merger agreement. After the merger of Graphic with and into Acquisition Sub, Acquisition Sub will be the surviving entity.
Graphic
Packaging International Corporation
4455 Table Mountain Drive
Golden, Colorado 80403
(303) 215-4600
Internet address: www.graphicpkg.com
Graphic is a Colorado corporation that manufactures packaging products used by consumer product companies as primary packaging for their end-use products. Graphic's common stock trades on the NYSE under the symbol "GPK."
THE PROPOSED MERGER (see page 39)
Under the terms of the proposed merger, Graphic will merge with and into Acquisition Sub, a wholly owned subsidiary of Riverwood, with Acquisition Sub continuing as the surviving company.
The merger agreement is attached as Annex A to this proxy statement/prospectus. We encourage you to read the merger agreement carefully and fully as it is the legal document that governs the merger.
RECOMMENDATION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF GRAPHIC (see page 45)
The Graphic board of directors, by unanimous vote of the directors voting, has approved the merger and believes that the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement are in the best interests of Graphic and its stockholders. Accordingly, it recommends that Graphic stockholders vote "FOR" approval of the merger agreement.
REASONS FOR THE MERGER (see pages 43 to 54)
The boards of directors of Riverwood and Graphic believe that the merger will result in operating efficiencies, potential increased revenues and enhanced stockholder value for the combined company.
WHAT GRAPHIC STOCKHOLDERS WILL RECEIVE IN THE MERGER (see page 39)
Graphic stockholders will receive one share of combined company common stock for each share of Graphic common stock they hold.
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TREATMENT OF GRAPHIC STOCK OPTIONS AND RESTRICTED STOCK (see page 69)
Except as noted below, each outstanding and unexercised option or right to purchase shares of Graphic common stock granted under the Graphic benefit plans will be assumed by the combined company and converted into an option or a right to purchase, as applicable, shares of the combined company common stock. The number of shares of the combined company common stock underlying the new combined company option will equal the number of shares of Graphic common stock for which the corresponding Graphic option was exercisable. The per share exercise price of each new combined company option will equal the exercise price of the corresponding Graphic option.
Except as noted below, at the effective time of the merger, each outstanding restricted share of Graphic common stock granted under a Graphic benefit plan will be converted into one share of combined company common stock with the same terms, conditions and restrictions as were applicable to the restricted shares under the applicable Graphic benefit plan.
Options and restricted shares held by employees with change in control agreements and employees party to new employment agreements with the combined company will be treated differently. See "Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger" on page 64.
GRAPHIC STOCKHOLDER VOTES REQUIRED
Approval of the merger agreement at the Graphic special meeting requires the affirmative votes of (i) the holders of two-thirds of the combined voting power of Graphic's capital stock (including the votes to which the holder of Graphic convertible preferred stock is entitled) and (ii) the holder of two-thirds of the outstanding shares of Graphic convertible preferred stock, voting as a separate class.
On the record date, the Coors family stockholders, in the aggregate, owned or had the right to vote 13,481,548 shares of Graphic common stock and all of the votes able to be cast by the holder of Graphic's convertible preferred stock (including the 24,242,424 votes which the holder of the convertible preferred is entitled to cast with the holders of Graphic common stock). In the aggregate, these shares represent approximately 65.1% of the combined voting power of Graphic capital stock and 100% of the outstanding voting power of Graphic convertible preferred stock as of March 25, 2003. Also on the record date, other directors and executive officers of Graphic owned and had the right to vote 321,520 shares of Graphic common stock, which shares represent approximately 0.6% of the combined voting power of Graphic capital stock as of March 25, 2003.
VOTING AGREEMENT (see page 80)
Riverwood and the Coors family stockholders have entered into a voting agreement with respect to the shares owned by the Coors family stockholders. Under the voting agreement, the Coors family stockholders have agreed to vote all of their shares of Graphic common stock and Graphic convertible preferred stock in favor of the merger agreement and against any business combination with a third party. The Grover C. Coors Trust, or the Trust, also has agreed to convert all of its shares of Graphic convertible preferred stock into Graphic common stock immediately before the effective time of the merger, in exchange for a conversion payment by Riverwood equal to the estimated present value, calculated using a discount rate of 8.5%, of the dividends payable to the convertible preferred stock from the effective time of the merger through the first date on which Graphic could have redeemed the convertible preferred stock. The amount of this conversion payment is estimated to be approximately $19.7 million, assuming that the closing of the merger occurs on July 1, 2003.
If the merger agreement is terminated under circumstances entitling Riverwood to receive a termination fee, each Coors family stockholder (other than the Adolph Coors Foundation) will be obligated to pay to Riverwood additional consideration in the event of the consummation of any business combination between Graphic and a third party within two years of the termination of the merger agreement. Furthermore, if Riverwood has increased the merger consideration in response to a superior proposal received by Graphic from a third party, each of the Coors family stockholders (other
6
than the Adolph Coors Foundation) has agreed to waive any right to receive 50% of its respective share of such additional merger consideration.
The voting agreement is attached as Annex B to this proxy statement/prospectus.
OWNERSHIP OF THE COMBINED COMPANY AFTER THE MERGER
Immediately following completion of the merger, the combined company will have approximately 204 million fully diluted shares of common stock, of which Graphic stockholders will own approximately 42.5% and Riverwood stockholders will own approximately 57.5%.
CONDITIONS TO THE COMPLETION OF THE MERGER (see page 76)
Riverwood's and Graphic's respective obligations to complete the merger are subject to the satisfaction or, to the extent legally permissible, the waiver of the following conditions:
In addition, Riverwood's obligation to complete the merger is subject to the satisfaction or, to the extent legally permissible, the waiver of the following conditions:
TERMINATION OF MERGER AGREEMENT (see page 77)
Right to Terminate. The merger agreement may be terminated at any time before the completion of the merger in any of the following ways:
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satisfied but all other conditions to closing are satisfied or are capable of being satisfied, December 31, 2003; except that a party may not terminate the merger agreement if the cause of the merger not being completed is that party's failure to fulfill its obligations under the merger agreement;
8
Termination of the merger agreement also terminates certain obligations under the voting agreement.
Termination Fees and Expenses. Graphic has agreed to pay Riverwood a termination fee of $30 million plus reimbursement of up to $3 million in expenses (at or by the time Graphic sends a notice of termination to Riverwood, and not later than one business day after the receipt by Graphic of a notice of termination from Riverwood), if the merger agreement is terminated:
If the merger agreement is terminated under certain circumstances entitling Riverwood to receive a termination fee from Graphic, the Coors family stockholders may be required to make certain payments to Riverwood. See "Voting Agreement" on page 80.
EFFECTS OF THE MERGER ON THE RIGHTS OF GRAPHIC STOCKHOLDERS (see page 187)
If the merger is completed, the combined company will be governed by a new certificate of incorporation and by-laws. Forms of the certificate of incorporation and by-laws have been filed by Riverwood as exhibits to the registration statement of which this proxy statement/prospectus is a part. The proposed certificate of incorporation and by-laws of the combined company differ from Graphic's current articles of incorporation, as amended, and amended and restated by-laws. In addition, while Graphic is presently governed by Colorado corporate law, the combined company will be governed by Delaware corporate law.
RELATED AGREEMENTS (see pages 80 to 86)
In connection with the proposed merger, Riverwood, certain of its current stockholders and the Coors family stockholders have entered into a stockholders agreement relating to nominees for the combined company's board of directors, class allocation, committee membership and other matters. In addition, Riverwood, its current stockholders and the Coors family stockholders have entered into an amended and restated registration rights agreement, providing those stockholders with the right to request registration of their combined company common stock or participate in registered offerings by the combined company under certain circumstances. Finally, Riverwood and certain of its current
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stockholders have entered into a side letter with respect to board observation, information rights and other matters. Each of these agreements has been filed by Riverwood as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this proxy statement/prospectus is a part.
INTERESTS OF CERTAIN PERSONS IN THE MERGER (see page 64)
When you consider the Graphic board of directors' recommendation that you vote in favor of approval of the merger agreement, you should be aware that Graphic executive officers and directors may have interests in the merger that may be different from, or in addition to, yours.
These interests include:
Graphic's board of directors was aware of these interests and considered them in making its recommendation.
MERGER FINANCING (see page 59)
Riverwood and Graphic currently expect to enter into the following financing transactions in connection with the merger:
10
REGULATORY APPROVALS (see page 57)
The merger is subject to antitrust laws. On April 11, 2003, each of Riverwood and the Trust completed its initial filings under applicable antitrust laws with the United States Department of Justice and the United States Federal Trade Commission. Riverwood and Graphic are not permitted to complete the merger until the applicable waiting periods associated with those filings, including any extension of those waiting periods, have expired or been terminated and applicable clearances have been obtained. If the Department of Justice does not make a second request, the waiting period will expire on May 12, 2003. Riverwood and Graphic also may be required to obtain applicable foreign antitrust approvals, which may not be obtained before completion of the merger. In addition, the reviewing agencies or governments, states or private persons may challenge the merger at any time before or after its completion. Riverwood and Graphic have not yet obtained any of the governmental or regulatory approvals required to complete the merger.
Riverwood and Graphic are not permitted to complete the merger unless the regulatory conditions to completion of the merger are satisfied.
MATERIAL FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE MERGER (see page 55)
The merger is intended to qualify as a reorganization for United States federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, it is expected that the exchange of Graphic common stock for the combined company's common stock in the merger will not result in the recognition of gain or loss for United States federal income tax purposes.
However, this proxy statement/prospectus does not address all tax consequences that may be relevant to persons who exchange Graphic common stock for the combined company's common stock in the merger. In particular, this proxy statement/prospectus does not address any of the tax consequences associated with:
Any person who may exchange Graphic common stock for combined company common stock in the merger is urged to carefully read the discussion under "Material Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Merger" beginning on page 55, and to consult his or her tax advisor with respect to the tax consequences of participating in the merger.
LISTING OF THE COMBINED COMPANY COMMON STOCK
Riverwood will file an application to have the combined company's common stock listed on the NYSE under the ticker symbol " ."
DISSENTERS' RIGHTS (see page 58)
Holders of Graphic common stock are not entitled to dissenters' rights under Colorado law in connection with the merger.
The Trust, the sole holder of the convertible preferred stock, has waived any dissenters' rights it may have in connection with the merger.
11
ACCOUNTING TREATMENT OF THE MERGER (see page 54)
Riverwood will account for the merger under the purchase method of accounting for business combinations under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
OPINIONS OF GRAPHIC'S FINANCIAL ADVISORS
Opinion of Credit Suisse First Boston LLC Regarding the Merger (see page 46)
In making its determination with respect to the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement, Graphic's board of directors relied upon, among other factors, the opinion of Credit Suisse First Boston LLC, or Credit Suisse First Boston, its financial advisor with respect to the merger. The Graphic board received an oral opinion on March 24, 2003, which was subsequently confirmed in a written opinion dated March 25, 2003, from Credit Suisse First Boston to the effect that, as of that date and based on and subject to the assumptions, limitations, and qualifications described in its opinion, the exchange ratio was fair to the holders of Graphic common stock, other than the Coors family stockholders, from a financial point of view. The opinion, which is attached as Annex C to this proxy statement/prospectus, sets forth the procedures followed, assumptions made, matters considered and limitations on the review undertaken in connection with the opinion.
Opinion of Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated Regarding the Conversion of the Convertible Preferred Stock (see page 51)
In making its determination with respect to the conversion of the convertible preferred stock and the payment by Riverwood in consideration of such conversion, an independent committee of Graphic's board of directors relied upon, among other factors, the opinion of Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, or Morgan Stanley, the independent committee's financial advisor regarding the conversion of the convertible preferred stock. The independent committee received an oral report and a written opinion dated March 24, 2003 from Morgan Stanley to the effect that, as of such date and based upon and subject to the assumptions and considerations in its opinion, the consideration to be paid to the Trust for such conversion pursuant to the voting agreement, representing an amount equal to the present value, calculated using a discount rate of 8.5%, of the future dividends payable to the convertible preferred stock from the effective time of the merger through the first date as of which Graphic could have redeemed the convertible preferred stock, was fair from a financial point of view to Graphic. The opinion, which is attached as Annex D to this proxy statement/prospectus, sets forth the assumptions made, matters considered and limitations on the review undertaken in connection with the opinion.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS REGARDING THE MERGER (see page 63)
On April 2, 2003, two separate lawsuits were filed in the District Court of Jefferson County in Colorado on behalf of purported classes of Graphic's stockholders against Graphic, Graphic's directors and Riverwood, alleging that Graphic's directors breached their fiduciary duties to the stockholders of Graphic and that Riverwood aided and abetted the alleged breach. The complaints, which Riverwood and Graphic believe to be without merit, seek damages and to enjoin the merger.
RISK FACTORS (see page 19)
In addition to the other information contained in or incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in the section entitled "Risk Factors," beginning on page of this proxy statement/prospectus in deciding whether to vote in favor of the merger agreement.
12
SUMMARY HISTORICAL AND PRO FORMA FINANCIAL DATA
Riverwood and Graphic are providing the following financial data to assist you in your analysis of the financial aspects of the proposed merger. Riverwood derived the Riverwood summary historical financial data, with the exception of net income (loss) per common share before extraordinary item and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle and weighted average shares outstanding, from the consolidated financial statements of Riverwood as of and for each of the years ended December 31, 1998 through 2002. Graphic derived the Graphic summary historical financial data from the consolidated financial statements of Graphic as of and for each of the years ended December 31, 1998 through 2002. The information is only a summary and should be read in conjunction with each company's historical consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. The historical results included below and elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus are not indicative of the future performance of Riverwood, Graphic or the combined company.
RIVERWOOD SUMMARY HISTORICAL FINANCIAL DATA
The following table sets forth certain of Riverwood's historical consolidated financial information. The selected consolidated financial information, with the exception of net income (loss) per common share before extraordinary item and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle and weighted average shares outstanding, at December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998 and for the years ended December 31, 1999 and 1998 has been derived from Riverwood's audited consolidated financial statements that are not included in this proxy statement/prospectus. The selected consolidated financial information, with the exception of net income (loss) per common share before extraordinary item and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle and weighted average shares outstanding, at December 31, 2002 and 2001 and for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000 has been derived from Riverwood's audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. You should read the following selected consolidated financial information in conjunction with "Information About RiverwoodManagement's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" beginning on page 97 and Riverwood's consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus.
|
Years Ended December 31, |
|||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
1999 |
1998 |
|||||||||||
|
(in thousands, except per share data) |
|||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations Data: | ||||||||||||||||
Net sales | $ | 1,247,314 | $ | 1,201,613 | $ | 1,192,362 | $ | 1,174,665 | $ | 1,196,221 | ||||||
Cost of sales(a) | 984,771 | 953,901 | 930,786 | 938,800 | 1,001,394 | |||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 117,335 | 116,510 | 112,200 | 114,402 | 112,117 | |||||||||||
Research, development and engineering | 5,227 | 5,111 | 4,554 | 4,078 | 5,570 | |||||||||||
Impairment loss | | | | | 15,694 | |||||||||||
Restructuring (credit) charge | | | (2,600 | ) | | 25,580 | ||||||||||
Gain on sale of investment(b) | | | (70,863 | ) | | | ||||||||||
Other (income) expense, net | (631 | ) | 18,825 | 4,731 | 1,798 | 11,973 | ||||||||||
Income from operations(a)(b)(c) | 140,612 | 107,266 | 213,554 | 115,587 | 23,893 | |||||||||||
Interest income | 1,350 | 944 | 848 | 889 | 1,274 | |||||||||||
Interest expense | 147,407 | 158,910 | 181,285 | 179,197 | 178,030 | |||||||||||
(Loss) income before income taxes and equity in net earnings of affiliates | (5,445 | ) | (50,700 | ) | 33,117 | (62,721 | ) | (152,863 | ) | |||||||
Income tax (benefit) expense | (4,664 | ) | 6,627 | 3,009 | 3,936 | (617 | ) | |||||||||
(Loss) income before equity in net earnings of affiliates | (781 | ) | (57,327 | ) | 30,108 | (66,657 | ) | (152,246 | ) | |||||||
Equity in net earnings of affiliates | 1,028 | 993 | 3,356 | 7,110 | 8,157 | |||||||||||
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Income (loss) before extraordinary item and cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle(a)(b)(c) | 247 | (56,334 | ) | 33,464 | (59,547 | ) | (144,089 | ) | ||||||||
Extraordinary loss on early extinguishment of debt, net of tax of $0(d) | (11,509 | ) | (8,724 | ) | (2,117 | ) | | | ||||||||
(Loss) income before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle | (11,262 | ) | (65,058 | ) | 31,347 | (59,547 | ) | (144,089 | ) | |||||||
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle net of tax of $0(e) | | (499 | ) | | | | ||||||||||
Net (loss) income(a)(b)(c)(d)(e) | $ | (11,262 | ) | $ | (65,557 | ) | $ | 31,347 | $ | (59,547 | ) | $ | (144,089 | ) | ||
Income (loss) per common share before extraordinary item and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | .03 | $ | (7.44 | ) | $ | 4.42 | $ | (7.88 | ) | $ | (19.05 | ) | |||
Diluted | .03 | (7.44 | ) | 4.35 | (7.88 | ) | (19.05 | ) | ||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | 7,564,594 | 7,568,177 | 7,563,717 | 7,556,842 | 7,562,596 | |||||||||||
Diluted | 7,695,735 | 7,568,177 | 7,684,664 | 7,556,842 | 7,562,596 | |||||||||||
Other Data: | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | $ | 133,840 | $ | 137,143 | $ | 143,541 | $ | 142,597 | $ | 146,515 | ||||||
Additions to property, plant and equipment(f) | 56,042 | 57,297 | 62,062 | 66,018 | 48,551 | |||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data: | ||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 13,757 | $ | 7,369 | $ | 18,417 | $ | 14,108 | $ | 13,840 | ||||||
Total assets (a) | 1,957,672 | 2,001,096 | 2,094,433 | 2,343,771 | 2,405,342 | |||||||||||
Total debt | 1,522,360 | 1,541,164 | 1,532,789 | 1,748,237 | 1,698,028 | |||||||||||
Total shareholders' equity(a) | 125,575 | 196,715 | 277,038 | 260,277 | 324,510 |
Notes:
14
GRAPHIC SUMMARY HISTORICAL FINANCIAL DATA
The following table sets forth certain of Graphic's historical consolidated financial information. The selected consolidated financial information at December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998 and for the years ended December 31, 1999 and 1998 has been derived from Graphic's audited consolidated financial statements that are not included in this proxy statement/prospectus. The selected consolidated financial information at December 31, 2002 and 2001 and for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000 has been derived from Graphic's audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. You should read the following selected consolidated financial data in conjunction with "Information About GraphicManagement's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" beginning on page 129 and Graphic's consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus.
|
Years Ended December 31, |
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
1999 |
1998 |
||||||||||||
|
(in thousands, except per share data) |
||||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations Data: | |||||||||||||||||
Net sales(1) | $ | 1,057,843 | $ | 1,112,535 | $ | 1,102,590 | $ | 850,155 | $ | 691,777 | |||||||
Cost of goods sold | 930,581 | 960,258 | 963,979 | 721,350 | 567,533 | ||||||||||||
Gross profit | 127,262 | 152,277 | 138,611 | 128,805 | 124,244 | ||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expense | 64,620 | 62,874 | 61,134 | 73,357 | 68,248 | ||||||||||||
Goodwill amortization(6) | | 20,649 | 20,634 | 13,276 | 7,785 | ||||||||||||
Asset impairment and restructuring charges | | 8,900 | 5,620 | 7,813 | 21,391 | ||||||||||||
Operating income | 62,642 | 59,854 | 51,223 | 34,359 | 26,820 | ||||||||||||
Gain from sale of businesses and other assets(2) | | 3,650 | 19,172 | 30,236 | | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | (44,640 | ) | (52,811 | ) | (82,071 | ) | (34,240 | ) | (16,616 | ) | |||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes, extraordinary item and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | 18,002 | 10,693 | (11,676 | ) | 30,355 | 10,204 | |||||||||||
Income tax (expense) benefit | (7,035 | ) | (4,257 | ) | 4,678 | (11,945 | ) | (4,751 | ) | ||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before extraordinary item and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | 10,967 | 6,436 | (6,998 | ) | 18,410 | 5,453 | |||||||||||
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax(3) | | | | 9,181 | 15,812 | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) before extraordinary item and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | 10,967 | 6,436 | (6,998 | ) | 27,591 | 21,265 | |||||||||||
Extraordinary loss on early extinguishment of debt, net of tax | (9,617 | ) | | | (2,332 | ) | | ||||||||||
Income (loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | 1,350 | 6,436 | (6,998 | ) | 25,259 | 21,265 | |||||||||||
Cumulative effect of change in goodwill accounting, net of tax(6) | (180,000 | ) | | | | | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) | (178,650 | ) | 6,436 | (6,998 | ) | 25,259 | 21,265 | ||||||||||
Preferred stock dividends declared | (10,000 | ) | (10,000 | ) | (3,806 | ) | | | |||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders | $ | (188,650 | ) | $ | (3,564 | ) | $ | (10,804 | ) | $ | 25,259 | $ | 21,265 | ||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations before extraordinary item and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle per common share: | |||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 0.03 | $ | (0.11 | ) | $ | (0.37 | ) | $ | 0.65 | $ | 0.19 | |||||
Diluted | 0.03 | (0.11 | ) | (0.37 | ) | 0.64 | 0.19 | ||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding: | |||||||||||||||||
Basic | 32,715 | 31,620 | 29,337 | 28,475 | 28,504 | ||||||||||||
Diluted | 34,065 | 31,620 | 29,337 | 28,767 | 29,030 | ||||||||||||
Other Data: | |||||||||||||||||
Depreciation(4) | $ | 61,165 | $ | 58,757 | $ | 62,460 | $ | 43,008 | $ | 29,746 | |||||||
Capital expenditures(4) | 27,706 | 31,884 | 30,931 | 75,858 | 51,572 |
15
|
At December 31, |
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
1999 |
1998 |
||||||||||
|
(in thousands) |
||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data: | |||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 28,626 | $ | 6,766 | $ | 4,012 | $ | 15,869 | $ | 26,196 | |||||
Working capital | 46,112 | 22,403 | 36,640 | (107,224 | ) | 152,544 | |||||||||
Working capital, excluding current maturities of debt | 49,544 | 59,776 | 95,282 | 292,776 | 238,844 | ||||||||||
Total assets | 1,020,866 | 1,229,335 | 1,332,518 | 1,643,171 | 846,022 | ||||||||||
Total debt | 478,331 | 525,759 | 640,672 | 1,021,097 | 275,881 | ||||||||||
Total shareholders' equity(5) | 307,038 | 497,648 | 515,151 | 423,310 | 447,955 |
Pre-tax Gains: | ||||
2001: |
||||
Other Assets | $ | 3,650 | ||
2000: | ||||
Malvern Plant | $ | 11,365 | ||
Other Assets | 7,807 | |||
Total | $ | 19,172 | ||
1999: | ||||
Flexible Plants | $ | 22,700 | ||
Solar Business | 7,536 | |||
Total | $ | 30,236 | ||
16
SUMMARY UNAUDITED CONDENSED PRO FORMA COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The following summary unaudited condensed pro forma combined financial information was prepared using the purchase method of accounting with Riverwood treated as the acquirer for accounting purposes. The table below presents summary financial information from the unaudited condensed pro forma combined financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2002 included in this proxy statement/prospectus. The unaudited condensed pro forma combined statement of operations is presented as if the merger and related financing transactions had occurred on January 1, 2002. The unaudited condensed pro forma combined balance sheet presents the combined financial position as of December 31, 2002 assuming that the merger and related financing transactions took place on that date.
The unaudited condensed pro forma combined financial statements are based on estimates and assumptions set forth in the notes to such statements, which are preliminary and have been made solely for the purpose of developing such pro forma information. The unaudited condensed pro forma combined financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the financial position or operating results of the combined company that would have been achieved had the merger and related financing transactions been consummated as of the dates indicated, nor are they necessarily indicative of future financial position or operating results of the combined company. This information should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed pro forma combined financial statements and related notes and the historical financial statements and the related notes thereto included in this proxy statement/prospectus.
Combined Company
Summary Unaudited Condensed Pro Forma Combined Financial Information
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
Summary Unaudited Condensed Pro Forma Combined Year Ended December 31, 2002 |
||
---|---|---|---|
Statement of Operations Information | |||
Net sales | $ | 2,252,305 | |
Operating income |
184,754 |
||
Income before extraordinary item and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | 28,577 | ||
Income per basic and diluted share before extraordinary item and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | $ | 0.14 | |
Balance Sheet Information |
|||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 42,383 | |
Working capital, excluding current maturities of debt | 255,003 | ||
Total assets |
3,224,078 |
||
Total debt | 2,228,315 | ||
Total shareholders' equity | $ | 508,959 |
17
COMPARATIVE PER SHARE INFORMATION
The following table presents historical per share data for Riverwood and Graphic individually and on a pro forma basis after giving effect to the merger. The merger has been accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. The combined pro forma per share data of the combined company was derived from the Unaudited Condensed Pro Forma Combined Financial Statements as presented beginning on page 145. The assumptions related to the preparation of the Unaudited Condensed Pro Forma Combined Financial Statements are described beginning at page 145. The data presented below should be read in conjunction with the historical consolidated financial statements of Graphic and with the historical consolidated financial statements of Riverwood presented elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. See "Information About RiverwoodFinancial Statements," on page 120 and "Information About GraphicFinancial Statements," on page 143.
The pro forma data below is presented for informational purposes. You should not rely on the pro forma amounts as being indicative of the operating results or financial position of the combined company that would have actually occurred had the merger taken place at or before the periods presented, or the future operating results or financial position of the combined company.
|
Graphic Historical |
Riverwood Historical(1) |
Combined Pro Forma |
Equivalent Pro Forma(2) |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Income (loss) per common share before extraordinary item and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | ||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2002 | ||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.14 | $ | 0.14 | ||||||
Diluted | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.14 | $ | 0.14 | ||||||
Book value per common share as of December 31, 2002 |
$ |
9.17 |
$ |
16.61 |
$ |
2.55 |
$ |
2.55 |
||||||
Cash dividends declared per common share |
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
Cash dividends declared per preferred share |
$ |
10.00 |
|
|
|
PER SHARE MARKET PRICE INFORMATION (see page 18)
The closing price per share of Graphic common stock on Tuesday, March 25, 2003, the last trading day before announcement of the execution of the merger agreement, was $4.98.
There is no established public trading market for the Class A common stock or the Class B common stock of Riverwood. In connection with the merger, Riverwood will apply to have the combined company common stock listed on the NYSE thereby establishing a public trading market.
18
Stockholders of Graphic voting in favor of the merger agreement will be choosing to invest in the combined company's common stock and to combine the business of Graphic with that of Riverwood. In deciding whether to vote in favor of the merger, you should consider the following risks related to the merger and to the combined company's business. You should carefully consider these risks along with the other information included in this proxy statement/prospectus.
RISKS RELATING TO THE MERGER
The market value of the shares of the combined company's common stock that you receive in the merger may be less than the current value of your shares of Graphic common stock.
If the merger is completed, each share of Graphic common stock will be converted into one share of the combined company's common stock. Immediately before the effective time of the merger, Riverwood will complete a 15.21-to-one stock split of its common stock. The exchange ratio is a fixed ratio that will not be adjusted as a result of any increase or decrease in the market price of shares of Graphic common stock. The value of the combined company common stock that you receive in the merger will depend on the public trading price of combined company common stock after the merger. The combined company common stock will not trade publicly until the merger is completed. As a result, at the time of the Graphic special meeting, you will not know the market value of the combined company common stock that you will receive in the merger. The market price of the combined company common stock you will receive in the merger may be less than the market price of Graphic common stock on the date of this proxy statement/prospectus or on the date of the Graphic special meeting.
If the combined company fails to realize the anticipated benefits of the merger, stockholders may receive lower returns than they expect.
The success of the merger will depend, in part, on the ability of the combined company to realize the anticipated growth opportunities and synergies from combining the business of Graphic with that of Riverwood. Integrating two companies with the size and complexity of Riverwood and Graphic will be a challenging task that will require substantial time, expense and effort from the combined company's management. If management's attention is diverted or there are any difficulties associated with integrating Riverwood and Graphic, there could be a material adverse effect on the combined company's operating results and the value of its common stock. Even if the combined company is able to successfully combine the two business operations, it may not be possible to realize the full benefits of the integration opportunities between mills and carton plants, the purchasing synergies and the other benefits that are currently expected to result from the merger, or realize these benefits within the time frame that is currently expected. The benefits of the merger may be offset by operating losses relating to changes in raw materials prices, or in industry conditions, or by risks and uncertainties relating to the combined company's business prospects, adverse pricing conditions, or an increase in operating or other costs or other difficulties. If the combined company fails to realize the anticipated benefits of the merger, holders of its stock may receive lower returns than they expect.
If we are unable to implement our business strategies, particularly our strategy to develop and deliver new products, our business and financial condition could be adversely affected.
The combined company's future results of operations will depend in significant part on the extent to which we can implement our business strategies successfully.
19
Our business strategies as a combined company will include:
We may not be able to fully implement our strategies or realize the anticipated results of our strategies. Our strategies are subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control.
The market value of the combined company's common stock could decline if large amounts of its common stock are sold following the merger.
Historically, Riverwood has been operated primarily as a global paperboard and beverage packaging company and Graphic has been operated primarily as a North American consumer products packaging and folding carton company. Following the merger, the combined company will operate an expanded business balanced between these elements. Current stockholders of Riverwood and Graphic may not wish to continue to invest in the additional operations of the combined company, or for other reasons may wish to dispose of some or all of their interests in the combined company. If, following the merger, large amounts of the combined company's common stock are sold, the price of its common stock could decline.
The principal stockholders of Riverwood and Graphic before the completion of the merger are party to an amended and restated registration rights agreement, pursuant to which such stockholders may require the combined company to conduct a registered secondary offering or offerings after the completion of the merger. The terms and conditions applicable to such requests are further described on page 87. Sales pursuant to a registered offering under the amended and restated registration rights agreement are exempted from the transfer restrictions applicable under the stockholders agreement and the other Riverwood stockholders side letter. Riverwood's common stock is not currently publicly traded and Riverwood's currently outstanding shares of common stock will not be registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, in connection with the merger. However, current holders of Riverwood stock will be able to sell the combined company stock into the public markets after the completion of the merger under applicable securities law exemptions from registration, and consistent with those stockholders' obligations under the transfer restrictions in the stockholders agreement, further described on page 86, and in the other Riverwood stockholders side letter, further described on page 86.
Graphic stockholders receiving combined company common stock in the merger will have no limits on the transfer of their shares, other than those transfer restrictions described on page 86 applicable to the Coors family stockholders, pursuant to the stockholders agreement, and Securities Act limitations further described on page 86 applicable to persons who are deemed to be "affiliates" of Graphic.
20
Riverwood, Graphic and the Trust may be unable to obtain the regulatory approvals required to complete the merger or, in order to do so, the combined company may be required to comply with material restrictions or conditions.
The merger is subject to review by the United States Department of Justice and United States Federal Trade Commission under the HSR Act. Under this statute, Riverwood and the Trust are required to make pre-merger notification filings and await the expiration or early termination of statutory waiting periods before completing the merger. On April 11, 2003, each of Riverwood and the Trust completed its initial HSR Act filing. The Department of Justice may make a request for additional information and other documentary material in connection with the merger. Such a request would effectively extend the waiting period for the merger under the HSR Act from May 12, 2003 until 30 days after both parties substantially comply with the request for additional information. Complying with a request for additional information or material under the HSR Act can take a significant amount of time. The merger may also be subject to review by the governmental authorities of various foreign jurisdictions under the antitrust laws of those jurisdictions. Riverwood and Graphic have not yet obtained any of the governmental or regulatory approvals required to complete the merger.
The reviewing authorities may not permit the merger at all or may impose restrictions or conditions on the merger that may seriously harm the combined company if the merger is completed. These conditions could include a complete or partial license, divestiture, spin-off or the holding separate of assets or businesses. Any delay in the completion of the merger could diminish the anticipated benefits of the merger or result in additional transaction costs, loss of revenue or other effects associated with uncertainty about the transaction. Riverwood and Graphic also may be required to agree to restrictions or conditions imposed by antitrust authorities in order to obtain regulatory approval, and these restrictions or conditions could harm the combined company's operations. No additional stockholder approval is expected to be required for any decision by Graphic, after the special meeting, to agree to any terms and conditions necessary to resolve any regulatory objections to the merger.
In addition, during or after the statutory waiting periods, and even after completion of the merger, governmental authorities could seek to block or challenge the merger as they deem necessary or desirable in the public interest. In addition, in some jurisdictions, a competitor, customer or other third party could initiate a private action under the antitrust laws challenging or seeking to enjoin the merger, before or after it is completed. Graphic, Riverwood or the combined company may not prevail, or may incur significant costs, in defending or settling any action under the antitrust laws.
Graphic's stock price and business may be adversely affected if the merger is not completed.
If the merger is not completed, the price of Graphic common stock may decline to the extent that the current market price of Graphic common stock reflects a market assumption that the merger will be completed. In addition, Graphic's business and operations may be harmed to the extent that there is customer and employee uncertainty surrounding the future direction of Graphic's business and strategy on a stand-alone basis. Completion of the merger is subject to several closing conditions, including obtaining requisite regulatory and stockholder approvals, and Graphic may be unable to obtain such approvals on a timely basis or at all. If the merger is not completed, Graphic would not derive the strategic benefits expected to result from the merger, such as creating a more complete and balanced product mix and providing economies of scale in purchasing. Graphic also will be required to pay significant costs incurred in connection with the merger, including legal, accounting and a portion of the financial advisory fees, whether or not the merger is completed. Moreover, under specified circumstances described in "The Merger AgreementTermination of Merger Agreement" beginning on page 77 of this proxy statement/prospectus, Graphic may be required to pay Riverwood a termination
21
fee of $30 million, plus reimbursement of up to $3 million in Riverwood expenses, in connection with the termination of the merger agreement.
Changes in Graphic's, Riverwood's or the combined company's credit ratings could adversely affect the costs and expenses of the combined company.
The combined company will initially be highly leveraged, with a significant amount of debt. Riverwood currently has more debt and a lower credit rating than Graphic. Although Riverwood and Graphic intend to refinance all of their existing debt, enter into a new credit facility and offer and sell new senior notes and/or senior subordinated notes in connection with the merger, the new facility and the new notes will not reduce the total amount of debt assumed by the combined company. In addition, holders of Graphic's current senior subordinated notes are not required to accept Graphic's offer to repurchase the notes, so that some existing noteholders may keep their notes after an offer to repurchase. Any downgrade in the credit ratings of Graphic, Riverwood or the combined company associated with the merger could adversely affect the ability of the combined company to borrow and result in more restrictive borrowing terms, including increased borrowing costs, more restrictive covenants and the extension of less open credit. This in turn could affect the combined company's internal cost of capital estimates and therefore operational decisions. Before the announcement of the merger, Graphic had a corporate/senior implied rating of Ba3 from Moody's Investors Service, Inc. or Moody's, and BB from Standard and Poor's, Inc., or Standard and Poor's, with a stable outlook. Riverwood had a corporate/senior implied rating of B2 from Moody's and B from Standard and Poor's with a stable outlook. Moody's and Standard and Poor's announced on March 26, 2003 that they would review Riverwood's long-term debt ratings for possible upgrades and Graphic's long-term debt ratings for possible downgrade. The credit rating of the combined company following the proposed merger may be different than the historical ratings of Riverwood or Graphic. The ultimate impact of the merger on the combined company's credit ratings cannot be predicted. See the first two risk factors under "Risks Related to the Combined Company's Business" below for additional information on the combined company's proposed debt.
The combined company's proposed certificate of incorporation, by-laws, stockholder rights plan and Delaware law may discourage takeovers and business combinations that our stockholders might consider in their best interests.
Provisions in the combined company's proposed restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated by-laws, as well as provisions of Delaware corporate law, may delay, defer, prevent or render more difficult a takeover attempt which is not approved by the combined company's board of directors but which the combined company's stockholders might consider in their best interests. These provisions include:
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Most of these provisions are included in Graphic's current governing documents. These provisions may prevent the combined company's stockholders from receiving the benefit from any premium to the market price of combined company common stock offered by a bidder in a takeover context. Even in the absence of a takeover attempt, the existence of these provisions may adversely affect the prevailing market price of the combined company common stock if they are viewed as discouraging takeover attempts in the future.
The combined company's proposed restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated by-laws may also make it difficult for stockholders to replace or remove the combined company's management. These provisions may facilitate management entrenchment that may delay, defer or prevent a change in control, which may not be in the best interests of the combined company's stockholders.
The combined company's proposed stockholder rights plan may also have anti-takeover effects. The stockholder rights plan will be designed to protect the combined company's stockholders in the event of unsolicited offers to acquire the combined company and other coercive takeover tactics that, in the opinion of the combined company's board of directors, could impair the board's ability to represent stockholder interests. The stockholder rights plan might render an unsolicited takeover more difficult or less likely to occur, even though such a takeover might offer the combined company's stockholders the opportunity to sell their stock at a price above the prevailing market price and may be favored by the combined company's stockholders. Graphic's existing stockholder rights plan has similar features, except that the Coors family stockholders were exempted from application of the plan.
In addition, Section 203 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware may limit the ability of an interested stockholder to engage in business combinations with the combined company. An interested stockholder is defined to include persons owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock without the prior approval of the board of directors of the combined company. Graphic is currently governed by the Colorado Business Corporation Act, which does not contain such limitations.
A few significant stockholders may influence or control the direction of the combined company's business. If the ownership of the combined company common stock continues to be highly concentrated, it may limit the ability of you and other stockholders to influence significant corporate decisions.
Following the completion of the merger, Clayton, Dubilier & Rice Fund V Limited Partnership, or the CDR fund, and EXOR Group S.A., or Exor, will beneficially own approximately 17% and 17%, respectively, and the Coors family stockholders will own approximately 30% of the shares of the combined company common stock, each calculated on a fully diluted basis. As a result, the CDR fund, Exor and the Coors family stockholders will exercise significant influence over matters requiring stockholder approval. As further described on page 82, Riverwood has entered into a new stockholders agreement that will become effective upon the completion of the merger, pursuant to which the CDR fund, Exor and the Coors family stockholders will have the right to designate for nomination for election, in the aggregate, three members of the combined company's board of directors immediately following the completion of the merger. In addition, the parties to the stockholders agreement have
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agreed to nominate Stephen M. Humphrey for election to the board for so long as he is Chief Executive Officer of the combined company. The designation rights are subject to reduction based on specified reductions in share ownership percentages, as described in "Material Terms of Related AgreementsStockholders Agreements" on page 82. The concentrated holdings of the CDR fund, Exor and the Coors family stockholders and the presence of their designees on the combined company's board of directors may result in a delay or the deterrence of possible changes in control of the combined company, which may reduce the market price of the combined company common stock. The interests of the stockholder parties to the stockholders agreement may conflict with the interests of the other stockholders.
Certain of Graphic's officers and directors have conflicts of interest that may have influenced them to approve the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement.
Certain of Graphic's officers and directors participate in arrangements that provide them with interests in the merger that are different from, or in addition to yours. The board of directors of Graphic was aware of these interests and considered them in approving the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement. Graphic's stockholders should consider, however, whether these interests may have influenced these officers and directors to approve the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement. You should read more about these interests under the section entitled "Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger" beginning on page 64.
RISKS RELATING TO THE COMBINED COMPANY'S BUSINESS
The combined company will have substantial existing debt and may incur substantial additional debt, which could adversely affect our financial health and our ability to obtain financing in the future and react to changes in our business.
As of March 31, 2003, Riverwood had an aggregate principal amount of approximately $ million of outstanding debt and stockholders' equity of approximately $ million. As of March 31, 2003, Graphic had an aggregate principal amount of approximately $487.5 million of outstanding debt and stockholders' equity of approximately $305.6 million. As of December 31, 2002, on a pro forma as adjusted basis after giving effect to the merger and the financing transactions we expect to undertake in connection with the completion of the merger as described on page 59 and the application of the net proceeds therefrom, the combined company would have had an aggregate principal amount of approximately $2.2 billion of outstanding debt and stockholders' equity of approximately $509 million. We may incur substantial debt in the future.
Our substantial debt could have important consequences to our stockholders. Because of our substantial debt:
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In addition, although the parties currently intend to refinance RIC's existing senior notes and senior subordinated notes and to comply with GPC's obligation to offer to purchase its existing senior subordinated notes triggered by the merger, the success of such a refinancing will depend on market conditions at or near the effective time of the merger. We cannot assure you that market conditions at that time will permit the refinancing on the terms described on page 59 or on other terms and conditions acceptable to Riverwood and Graphic.
The agreements and instruments governing the combined company's debt will contain restrictions and limitations that could significantly impact our ability to operate our business and adversely affect our stockholders.
Our new senior secured credit facilities are expected to contain covenants that will restrict our ability to:
In addition, under our new senior secured credit facilities, we expect to be required to comply with financial covenants, comprised of consolidated debt to EBITDA and interest coverage ratio requirements, as well as limitations on the amount of capital expenditures. Our ability to comply with these covenants in future periods will depend on our ongoing financial and operating performance, which in turn will be subject to economic conditions and to financial, market and competitive factors, many of which are beyond our control, and will be substantially dependent on the selling prices for our products, raw material and energy costs, our success at implementing cost reduction initiatives and our ability to successfully implement our overall business strategy.
As further described on page 62, we also intend to issue approximately $850 million of new senior notes and/or senior subordinated notes, or the new notes, in connection with the merger. We expect that the indenture or indentures governing the new notes will also contain restrictive covenants.
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These covenants are expected to include limitations on:
To the extent that any of GPC's existing senior subordinated notes remain outstanding following the merger, we will also remain subject to the restrictive covenants contained in the indenture for those notes. Our ability to comply with the covenants and restrictions contained in our new senior secured credit facilities and our note indentures may be affected by economic, financial and industry conditions beyond our control. The breach of any of these covenants or restrictions could result in a default under either our new secured credit facilities or our note indentures that would permit the applicable lenders or noteholders, as the case may be, to declare all amounts outstanding thereunder to be due and payable, together with accrued and unpaid interest. In any such case, we may be unable to make any borrowings under our new senior secured credit facilities and may not be able to repay the amounts due under our new senior secured credit facilities and our notes. This could have serious consequences to our financial condition and results of operations and could cause us to become bankrupt or insolvent.
The combined company's ability to generate the significant amount of cash needed to pay interest and principal amounts on our debt depends on many factors beyond our control.
Our ability to make scheduled payments or to refinance our obligations with respect to our debt will depend on our financial and operating performance which, in turn, is subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to the following financial and business factors, some of which may be beyond our control:
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If our cash flow and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced to further reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell assets or seek to obtain additional equity capital, or to restructure our debt. In the future, our cash flow and capital resources may not be sufficient for payment of interest on and principal of our debt, and such alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us to meet our scheduled debt service obligations. In the absence of such operating results and resources, we could face substantial liquidity problems and might be required to dispose of material assets or operations to meet our debt service and other obligations. If required, we cannot be sure as to the timing of such sales or the proceeds that we could realize therefrom.
The combined company will be dependent on key customers and strategic relationships, and the loss of or reduced sales to key customers or changes in these relationships could result in decreased revenues, impact the combined company's cash flows and harm our financial position.
The combined company's success will depend upon its relationships with the key customers of Riverwood and Graphic, including Kraft Foods, Inc., General Mills, Coors Brewing Company, Anheuser-Busch, Miller Brewing Company, Pepsi-Cola and Coca-Cola's independent bottling network. Graphic's top ten customers accounted for approximately 66% of its gross sales in 2002, and Riverwood's top 10 customers accounted for over 50% of its gross sales in 2002.
From time to time the combined company's contracts with its customers will come up for renewal. We cannot predict the eventual terms or whether terms will be reached for new contracts with the combined company's key customers. In addition, Riverwood's and Graphic's contracts typically do not require customers to purchase any minimum level of products and many of the combined company's contracts will permit customers to obtain price quotations from its competitors, which the combined company would have to meet to retain their business.
The loss of one or more key customers or strategic relationships, or a declining market in which these customers reduce orders or request reduced prices, would result in decreased revenues, negatively impact the combined company's cash flows and harm its financial condition. For example, Riverwood was notified by Coca-Cola Enterprises, or CCE, in the fourth quarter of 2002 that CCE would not renew its supply contract with Riverwood and Riverwood expects its volumes may be negatively impacted. We cannot assure you that the combined company would be able to enter contracts with new customers to replace any key customers or strategic relationships that are lost or reduced.
The combined company will face intense competition and, if it is unable to compete successfully against other manufacturers of paperboard or folding cartons, it could lose customers and its revenues may decline.
Riverwood and Graphic currently are, and the combined company will be, subject to strong competition in most of their markets. The combined company's primary competitors in one or more of its segments will include Caraustar Industries, Inc., Field Container Company, L.P., Gulf States Paper Corporation, International Paper Company, MeadWestvaco Corporation, Packaging Corporation of America, R.A. Jones Co, Inc., Rock-Tenn Company and Smurfit-Stone Container Corporation. In addition, companies not currently in direct competition with Riverwood or Graphic may introduce competing products in the future.
A relatively small number of large competitors hold a significant portion of the folding carton segment of the fiber-based product packaging industry. The combined company's competitors in this segment will include Caraustar Industries, Inc., Field Container Company, L.P., Gulf States Paper Corporation, MeadWestvaco Corporation, Rock-Tenn Company and Smurfit-Stone Container Corporation.
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There are only two major producers in the United States of coated unbleached kraft paperboard, or CUK board, MeadWestvaco Corporation, or MeadWestvaco, and Riverwood. The combined company will face significant competition in the CUK board business segment from MeadWestvaco, as well as from other manufacturers of packaging machines. Like Riverwood, MeadWestvaco is an integrated provider of CUK board that manufactures and converts CUK board, designs and places packaging machines with customers, and sells CUK board in the open market. Our highly leveraged nature could limit our ability to respond to market conditions or to make necessary or desirable capital expenditures as effectively as our competitors. In addition, we could experience increased competition if there are new entrants in the CUK board market segment.
In the beverage multiple packaging industry, cartons made from CUK board compete with plastics and corrugated packaging for packaging glass or plastic bottles, cans and other primary containers. Plastics and corrugated packaging generally provide lower-cost packaging solutions.
In the consumer products business, Riverwood's cartonboard sales are affected by competition from MeadWestvaco's CUK board and from other substrates: solid bleached sulfate and recycled clay-coated news and, internationally, white lined chip board and folding boxboard. Folding cartonboard grades compete based on price, strength and printability. CUK board has generally been priced in a range that is higher than recycled clay-coated news and lower than solid bleached sulphate board. There are a large number of suppliers of paperboard for folding carton applications, which are subject to significant competitive and other business pressures. Suppliers of paperboard in these markets compete primarily on the basis of quality, service and price.
Our net sales and profitability could be adversely affected by intense pricing pressures.
The competition in all of our business areas is driven by intense pricing pressures. The installation of state-of-the-art equipment by manufacturers has intensified the competitive pricing in the industry. The combined company will face pricing pressure in connection with long-term contract renewals and when bidding on new business. Even in strong markets, price pressures may emerge as competitors attempt to gain a greater market share by lowering prices. Competition in the various markets in which the combined company will participate comes from companies of various sizes, many of which are larger and have greater financial and other resources than the combined company will have, and thus can better withstand adverse economic or market conditions.
Both Riverwood and Graphic have pursued cost-cutting efforts in recent years, and the combined company will continue these efforts. If the combined company's facilities are not as cost efficient as those of its competitors, or if its competitors otherwise are able to offer lower prices, the combined company may lose customers to its competitors, which would negatively impact its revenues, cash flows and financial condition.
The combined company's ability to generate cash flows is subject to price weaknesses and variability.
The combined company's financial performance will depend in significant part on the selling prices that we realize for our carrierboard, cartonboard and containerboard products, and folding cartons.
Our cash flow is influenced by sales volume and selling prices for our products. In its coated board business segment, Riverwood has historically experienced moderate cyclical pricing for its cartonboard, which is principally sold in the open market to independent converters. Depressed selling prices for open market cartonboard could have a significant negative impact on the combined company's cash flow. Also, under agreements Riverwood has with a number of major converters, Riverwood is restricted in its ability to raise the selling prices of its cartonboard. This could negatively impact the combined company's margins if we were to experience increases in our costs due to inflation or
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otherwise. In addition, competitive factors may adversely affect prices for our carrierboard in the future, which would have a negative impact on our margins.
Riverwood's containerboard business segment operates in markets that historically have experienced significant fluctuations in sales. For market reasons, Riverwood elected to take linerboard, CUK board and medium market-related downtime at its U.S. mills of 32 days, or approximately 18,000 tons, during 2002. The downtime resulted in underabsorbed fixed costs of approximately $3.7 million for 2002. The downtime resulted from a number of factors, but principally a weak containerboard market. As a result of expected down time during 2003, Riverwood estimates the impact on earnings at Riverwood's U.S. mills in 2003 to be approximately $1.0 million related to underabsorption of fixed costs. Depressed selling prices for Riverwood's open market containerboard products have had, and in the future could have, a significant negative impact on the combined company's net sales and cash flow. In addition, competitive factors may adversely affect containerboard prices in the future, which would have a negative impact on our margins.
Markets may not be able to absorb our entire CUK board production, which may negatively impact the combined company's financial condition and results of operations.
Riverwood's West Monroe and Macon mills have a current combined annual production capacity of approximately 1.2 million gross tons of CUK board. As a combined company, we expect to continue to sell a significant portion of our additional CUK board production in open markets. We may not be able to sell additional CUK board output in these markets without experiencing price reductions.
The combined company's reliance on only two mills for the entire CUK board production could adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.
All of Riverwood's, and after the merger the combined company's, CUK board will be produced at what are currently Riverwood's West Monroe and Macon mills. Any prolonged disruption in production due to labor difficulties, equipment failure or destruction of or material damage to either facility, could have a material adverse effect on our net sales, margins and cash flows. The proceeds of property and business interruption insurance may not be adequate to repair or rebuild our facilities in such event or to compensate us for losses incurred during the period of any such disruption.
The combined company's results from operations and financial condition will be dependent upon our costs, including the cost of energy and raw materials.
Energy, including natural gas, fuel oil and electricity, will represent a significant portion of the combined company's manufacturing costs. Riverwood has entered into fixed price natural gas contracts designed to mitigate the impact of future energy cost increases for its natural gas requirements for its two U.S. mills through and including October 2003, and will continue to evaluate its hedge position. Graphic also has entered into fixed price natural gas contracts for its Kalamazoo mill through and including December 2003. We believe that higher energy costs will negatively impact the combined company's results for 2003. Since negotiated contracts and the market largely determine our pricing, we are limited in our ability to pass through to our customers any energy or other cost increases that we may incur in the future. As such, our operating margins and profitability may be adversely affected by rising energy or other costs.
The primary raw materials that will be used in the manufacture of the combined company's products are pine pulpwood, hardwood and recycled fibers, including old corrugated cardboard, or OCC, used in the manufacture of paperboard, and various chemicals used in the coating of CUK board. These materials are purchased in highly competitive, price sensitive markets. These raw
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materials have in the past, and may in the future, demonstrate price and demand cyclicality. OCC pricing, in particular, tends to be very volatile.
With the October 1996 sale of Riverwood's timberlands, Riverwood now relies on private land owners and the open market for all of its pine pulpwood, hardwood and recycled fiber requirements, except for CUK board clippings from its converting operations. Under the terms of the sale of those timberlands, Riverwood and the buyer, Plum Creek Timber Company, L.P., or Plum Creek, entered into a 20-year supply agreement in 1996, with a 10-year renewal option, for the purchase, at market-based prices, of a majority of Riverwood's West Monroe mill's requirements for pine pulpwood and residual chips, as well as a portion of its needs for hardwood at the West Monroe mill. An assignee of Plum Creek supplies residual chips to Riverwood pursuant to the supply agreement. If the supply agreement were terminated, Riverwood may not be able to find an alternative, comparable supplier or suppliers capable of providing its pine pulpwood and hardwood needs on terms or in amounts satisfactory to it. Significant increases in the cost of pine pulpwood, hardwood or recycled fiber, to the extent not reflected in prices for Riverwood's products, could have a material adverse effect on our margins and income from operations.
Graphic also relies on open market purchases for its recycled paper fiber needs. Graphic's gross profit in 2002 was impacted by significant increases in the price of recycled paper fiber, its Kalamazoo mill's primary raw material. Future price increases may adversely impact the combined company's profits. The primary sources of recycled paper fiber that are used by the Kalamazoo board mill currently and will be used by the combined company following the mergerOCC, newsprint, and box cuttingsall increased in price during 2002, with a total increase of approximately $4.0 million compared to 2001. OCC prices peaked in June 2002 at $120 per ton; however, OCC prices had declined to $55 per ton in December 2002. Because OCC prices have returned to lower per ton levels, we expect less of an impact in 2003 from fiber prices at the Kalamazoo board mill. Raw material costs are likely to continue to fluctuate based upon supply and demand.
The combined company may not adequately protect its intellectual property and proprietary rights, which could harm its future success and competitive position.
The combined company's future success and competitive position depend in part upon its ability to obtain and maintain certain proprietary technologies used in its value added products, particularly those incorporating the Composipac®, Micro-Rite®, Fridge Vendor® and Z-Flute® technologies. Riverwood and Graphic protect their intellectual property rights relating to these and other technologies through a combination of patent, trade secret, trademark, copyright law and confidentiality agreements. Failure to protect our existing intellectual property rights may result in the loss of valuable technologies or may require the combined company to license other companies' intellectual property rights. It is possible that:
Further, others may develop technologies that are similar or superior to the combined company's technologies, duplicate its technologies or design around its patents, and steps taken by the combined company to protect its technologies may not prevent misappropriation of such technologies.
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The combined company will be subject to environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, and costs to comply with such laws and regulations, or any liability or obligation imposed under such laws or regulations, could negatively impact the combined company's financial condition and results of operations.
The combined company will be subject to a broad range of foreign, federal, state and local environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, including those governing discharges to air, soil and water, the management, treatment and disposal of hazardous substances, the investigation and remediation of contamination resulting from releases of hazardous substances, and the health and safety of employees. Capital expenditures may be necessary for the combined company to comply with such laws and regulations, including the United States Environmental Protection Agency's regulations mandating stringent controls on air and water discharges from pulp and paper mills, or the cluster rules. The combined company expects to spend approximately $22 million over the next three years to comply with the cluster rules. Any failure by the combined company to comply with environmental, health and safety laws or any permits and authorizations required thereunder could subject us to fines or sanctions. In addition, some of Riverwood's and Graphic's current and former facilities, and facilities at which each of Riverwood and Graphic disposed of hazardous substances, are the subject of environmental investigations and remediations resulting from releases of hazardous substances or other constituents. Some current and former facilities have a history of industrial usage for which investigation and remediation obligations could be imposed in the future or for which indemnification claims could be asserted against us. We cannot predict with certainty future investigation or remediation costs or future costs relating to indemnification claims. Also, potential future closures of facilities may necessitate further investigation and remediation at those facilities.
The combined company's environmental liabilities and obligations may result in significant costs, which could negatively impact its financial condition and results of operations. For a more complete discussion of the environmental matters that will impact the combined company after the completion of the merger, please refer to "Information about GraphicBusinessEnvironmental Matters" on page 125 and to "Information about RiverwoodManagement's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsEnvironmental and Legal Matters" on page 97 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Loss of key management personnel could adversely affect the combined company's business.
Our future success will depend, in significant part, upon the service of Jeffrey H. Coors, who will be our Executive Chairman, Stephen M. Humphrey, who will be our President and Chief Executive Officer, and David W. Scheible, who will be our Executive Vice President of Commercial Operations. We have employment agreements with each of these executive officers. The loss of the services of one or more of these executive officers could adversely affect our future operating results because of their experience and knowledge of our business and customer relationships. We do not expect to maintain key person insurance on any of our executive officers.
Work stoppages and other labor relations matters may make it substantially more difficult or expensive for the combined company to manufacture and distribute its products, which could result in decreased sales or increased costs, either of which would negatively impact the combined company's financial condition and results of operations.
The combined company will be subject to risk of work stoppages and other labor relations matters because approximately 54.5% of its employees, located at 12 different plants, are unionized. Riverwood and Graphic have entered into 17 different union contracts, which the combined company will assume in connection with the merger. Three of the combined company's union contracts will expire by the end of 2003. We may not be able to successfully negotiate new union contracts covering the employees at
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our various sites without work stoppages or labor difficulties. In addition, we cannot assure you that such events will not occur as a result of other factors. A prolonged disruption at any of our facilities due to work stoppages or labor difficulties could have a material adverse effect on our net sales, margins and cash flows. For example, Graphic experienced a labor dispute at its Kalamazoo board mill and carton plant from July 2002 to January 2003 in connection with the negotiation of a new labor contract. Direct, incremental costs associated with the labor dispute were approximately $4.5 million. In addition, if new union contracts contain significant increases in wages or other benefits, our margins would be adversely impacted.
Our operations outside the United States are subject to the risks of doing business in foreign countries.
Riverwood has, and after the merger the combined company will have, operating facilities in six foreign countries and sells products worldwide. For 2002, before intercompany eliminations, net sales of Riverwood products from operations outside the United States totaled approximately $337.0 million, representing approximately 27.0% of its net sales for such period. Graphic's net sales of products from operations outside the United States for 2002 totaled approximately $5.0 million, representing approximately 0.5% of its net sales for such period. As a result, the combined company will be subject to the following significant risks associated with operating in foreign countries:
If any of the above events were to occur, our net sales and cash flows could be adversely impacted, possibly materially.
Foreign currency risks and exchange rate fluctuations could hinder the results of the combined company's operations, and the strength of the U.S. dollar could disadvantage us relative to our foreign competitors.
Our financial performance will be directly affected by exchange rates as a result of:
The combined company may be limited in the future in the amount of NOLs that we can use to offset income.
As of December 31, 2002, Riverwood had approximately $1.2 billion of U.S. federal income tax net operating loss carry-forwards, or NOLs, from prior taxable years. After the completion of the merger,
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these NOLs generally may be used by the combined company to offset income earned in subsequent taxable years, but will expire between 2011 and 2022 if not used before that time.
Section 382 of the Code imposes an annual limitation on the amount of taxable income that can be offset by NOLs that are attributable to the period preceding an ownership change. If a corporation undergoes an ownership change, the amount of post-change income for each taxable year after the ownership change that can be offset by pre-change NOLs will be limited to the product of:
Any unused section 382 limitation for a taxable year will be carried forward and will increase the section 382 limitation for the next post-change year.
Generally, a corporation undergoes an ownership change if one or more 5-percent shareholders increase their percentage ownership of the corporation's stock, in the aggregate, by more than 50 percentage points over such shareholders' lowest percentage ownership at any time during the testing period (generally, the preceding three years). A 5-percent shareholder is generally a person who owns, directly or indirectly, at least 5 percent of the stock of the corporation at any time during the testing period. For this purpose, subject to special rules, shareholders who directly own less than 5 percent of a corporation's stock are aggregated and treated as a single 5-percent shareholder.
Pursuant to the above rules and based on the information known to Riverwood as of May , 2003, issuance of shares of the combined company stock to the Graphic stockholders in the merger, together with previous shifts in the ownership of Riverwood stock during the applicable testing period, will result in 5-percent shareholders having increased their percentage ownership of the combined company's stock by approximately 43 percentage points. Based on the above, Riverwood does not expect that the combined company will undergo an ownership change at the time of the merger. However, direct or indirect transfers of Riverwood stock after May , 2003, or the stock of the combined company after the completion of the merger, by one or more 5-percent shareholders (including pursuant to a registered offering of shares under the amended and restated registration rights agreement), or issuances or redemptions of Riverwood or the combined company stock, when taken together with the shift in ownership resulting from the merger, could result in an ownership change that would subject Riverwood's or the combined company's NOLs to a section 382 limitation. If the combined company undergoes an ownership change during the two-year period following the merger, it is possible that the receipt of the assets of Graphic pursuant to the merger would be treated as a capital contribution to the combined company, in which case the fair market value of the combined company used in determining the section 382 limitation would exclude value attributable to Graphic. Imposition of any section 382 limitation on Riverwood's or the combined company's NOLs could have an adverse effect on the anticipated future cash flow of the combined company. Any section 382 limitation resulting from an ownership change of the combined company will also apply to pre-merger NOLs of Graphic.
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Terrorist attacks, such as those that occurred on September 11, 2001, and the current military action in Iraq have contributed to economic instability in the United States, and further acts of terrorism, bioterrorism, violence or war could affect the markets in which the combined company operates, its business operations, its expectations and other forward-looking statements contained in this proxy statement/prospectus.
Terrorist attacks or acts of war may cause damage or disruption to the combined company and its employees, facilities, information systems, security systems, vendors and customers, which could significantly impact the combined company's net sales, costs and expenses, and financial condition. The threat of terrorist attacks in the United States since September 11, 2001 continues to create many economic and political uncertainties. The potential for future terrorist attacks, the U.S. and international responses to terrorist attacks, and other acts of war or hostility may cause greater uncertainty and cause the combined company's business to suffer in ways that cannot currently be predicted. The military action taken by the United States and its allies against the government of Iraq could have a short or long term negative economic impact upon the financial markets and the combined company's business in general. Events such as those referred to above could cause or contribute to a general decline in equity valuations, which in turn could reduce the market value of your investment in the combined company. In addition, terrorist attacks, particularly acts of bioterrorism that directly impact the combined company's physical facilities or those of its suppliers or customers, or that involve the food or beverages that the combined company's customers produce, could have an impact on our sales, supply chain, production capability and costs and our ability to deliver our products to our customers.
The combined company may be subject to losses that might not be covered in whole or in part by existing insurance coverage. These uninsured losses could result in substantial liabilities to the combined company that would negatively impact its financial condition.
The combined company will carry comprehensive liability, fire and extended coverage insurance on all of its facilities, and other specialized coverages, with policy specifications and insured limits customarily carried for similar properties and purposes. There are certain types of risks and losses, however, such as losses resulting from wars or acts of God, that generally are not insured because they are either uninsurable or not economically insurable. Should an uninsured loss or a loss in excess of insured limits occur, the combined company could incur liabilities, lose capital invested in that property or lose the anticipated future revenues derived from the manufacturing activities conducted at a property, while remaining obligated for any mortgage indebtedness or other financial obligations related to the property. Any such loss could result in substantial liabilities to the combined company or adversely affect its ability to replace property or capital equipment that is destroyed or damaged, and the combined company's productive capacity may diminish.
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Riverwood and Graphic have made forward-looking statements in this proxy statement/prospectus that are subject to risks and uncertainties. These statements are based on the beliefs and assumptions of each company's management. Generally, forward-looking statements include information concerning possible or assumed future actions, events or results of operations of Riverwood, Graphic and the combined company. Forward-looking statements include the information in this proxy statement/prospectus, specifically, regarding:
These statements may be preceded by, followed by or include the words "believes," "expects," "anticipates," "intends," "plans," "estimates" or similar expressions. We claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 for all forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance. You should understand that the following important factors, in addition to those discussed in "Risk Factors" above and elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus, could affect the future results of Riverwood and Graphic, and of the combined company after the completion of the merger, and could cause those results or other outcomes to differ materially from those expressed or implied in our forward-looking statements:
Market share estimates are based on third party information that may be or may become obsolete or inaccurate.
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INFORMATION ABOUT THE SPECIAL MEETING AND VOTING
Graphic's board of directors is using this document to solicit proxies from the holders of Graphic common stock for use at the Graphic special meeting. Graphic is first mailing this proxy statement/prospectus and accompanying form of proxy to Graphic stockholders on or about , 2003.
MATTERS RELATING TO THE SPECIAL MEETING
Time and Place
The special meeting will take place on , 2003, at a.m. Mountain Time, at .
Purpose of the Special Meeting
The purpose of the special meeting is to vote on:
Record Date
The record date for shares entitled to vote is , 2003.
Outstanding Shares Held on Record Date
As of , 2003, there were approximately outstanding shares of Graphic common stock and 1,000,000 outstanding shares of the convertible preferred stock.
Shares Entitled to Vote
Shares of Graphic common stock and convertible preferred stock held at the close of business on the record date, , 2003, are entitled to vote at the special meeting. The Graphic common stock and the convertible preferred stock vote together as a class, with each share of common stock entitled to cast one vote, and the shares of convertible preferred stock entitled to cast a total of 24,242,424 votes. In addition, the shares of convertible preferred stock are entitled to vote separately as a class.
Quorum Requirement
A quorum of stockholders is necessary to hold a valid special meeting. The presence in person or by proxy at the special meeting of holders of a majority of the shares of Graphic common stock entitled to vote at the special meeting and a majority of the shares of convertible preferred stock entitled to vote at the special meeting is a quorum. Abstentions count as present for establishing a quorum.
VOTE NECESSARY TO APPROVE THE MERGER AGREEMENT
Approval of the merger agreement requires the affirmative vote of the holders of two-thirds of the combined voting power of Graphic's capital stock (including the votes to which the holder of the convertible preferred stock is entitled) and the affirmative vote of the holder of two-thirds of the outstanding shares of convertible preferred stock, voting as a separate class.
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Coors family stockholders holding 13,481,548 shares of Graphic's outstanding common stock and all of Graphic's outstanding convertible preferred stock (entitled to vote separately as a class and to cast a total of 24,242,424 votes with the holders of Graphic common stock) have entered into a voting agreement. These shares represent approximately 65.1% of the combined voting power of Graphic's capital stock (based on 33,703,676 shares of common stock outstanding as of March 25, 2003 plus the voting power of the convertible preferred stock) and 100% of the voting power of the convertible preferred stock as of March 25, 2003. The voting agreement requires these stockholders to vote their shares of Graphic common and convertible preferred stock in favor of the merger agreement. In addition, the executive officers and directors of Graphic have advised that they intend to vote their shares in favor of the merger agreement.
PROXIES
Voting Your Proxy
You may vote in person at the special meeting or by proxy. Graphic recommends that you vote by proxy even if you plan to attend the special meeting. You can always change your vote at the special meeting.
Voting instructions are included on your proxy card. If you properly give your proxy and submit it to Graphic in time to vote, one of the individuals named as your proxy will vote your shares as you have directed. You may vote for or against, or abstain from voting on, any proposal submitted at the special meeting. The effect of not voting or abstaining will have the same effect as a vote against the merger agreement. Complete, sign, date, and return your proxy card in the enclosed envelope.
If you submit your proxy but do not make specific choices, your proxies will follow the recommendations of the board of directors and vote your shares:
Special Meeting Costs
Graphic will bear the cost of preparing, assembling, and mailing the Notice of Special Meeting of Stockholders, this proxy statement/prospectus, and proxies to its stockholders. Graphic will also reimburse brokers who are holders of record of common stock for their expenses in forwarding proxies and proxy soliciting material to the beneficial owners of such shares. In addition to the use of the mails, proxies may be solicited without extra compensation by directors, officers, and employees of Graphic by telephone, telecopy or personal interview.
Revoking Your Proxy
You may revoke your proxy before it is voted by:
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Voting in Person
If you plan to attend the special meeting and wish to vote in person, Graphic will give you a ballot to vote at the special meeting. However, if your shares are held in the name of your broker, bank, or other nominee, you must bring an account statement or letter from the nominee indicating that you are the beneficial owner of the shares on , 2003, the record date for voting.
Broker Non-votes
If your shares are registered in the name of a broker or other "street name" nominee, your votes will only be counted as to those matters actually voted. If you do not provide voting instructions (commonly referred to as "broker non-votes"), your shares will be counted for purposes of determining the presence or absence of a quorum for the transaction of business, but will not be voted in favor of the proposal to approve the merger agreement. Shares not being voted as to a particular matter will be considered as abstentions. Under applicable Colorado law, abstentions and broker non-votes will have the effect of a vote against the proposal to approve the merger agreement.
OTHER BUSINESS; ADJOURNMENTS
Graphic is not aware of any other business to be acted upon at the special meeting. If, however, other matters are properly brought before the special meeting, or any adjourned meeting, your proxies will have discretion to vote or act on those matters according to their best judgment, including to adjourn the special meeting.
Adjournments may be made for the purpose of, among other things, soliciting additional proxies. Any adjournments may be made from time to time by approval of the holders of shares representing a majority of the votes present in person or by proxy at the special meeting, whether or not a quorum exists, without further notice other than by an announcement made at the special meeting. Graphic does not currently intend to seek an adjournment of the special meeting.
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GENERAL
Graphic's board of directors is using this proxy statement/prospectus to solicit proxies from the holders of Graphic common stock for use at the Graphic special meeting. Riverwood's board of directors and Riverwood's stockholders have approved the merger agreement.
Riverwood, Acquisition Sub and Graphic have entered into the merger agreement providing for the merger. Under the merger agreement, at the time specified in the agreement, Graphic will merge with and into Acquisition Sub, with Acquisition Sub to be the surviving entity. As a Graphic stockholder, you will be entitled to receive one share of common stock of the combined company in exchange for each share of Graphic common stock that you own.
At March 25, 2003, there were outstanding 33,703,676 shares of Graphic common stock and 1,000,000 shares of convertible preferred stock. At March 25, 2003, there were outstanding 7,054,930 shares of Riverwood Class A common stock and 500,000 shares of Riverwood Class B common stock. Immediately before the effective time of the merger, Riverwood will complete a 15.21-to-one stock split of its common stock and the holder of Graphic's convertible preferred stock will convert that stock into Graphic common stock. The combined company may issue up to 85,062,998 shares of combined company common stock to Graphic stockholders in the merger. After the effective time of the merger, stockholders of Graphic will own approximately 42.5%, in the aggregate, of all of the issued and outstanding shares of the combined company's common stock, and stockholders of Riverwood will own approximately 57.5%, in the aggregate, of the combined company's common stock, each calculated on a fully diluted basis.
There can be no assurance that the market price per share of combined company common stock after the merger will be equal to the market price per share of Graphic common stock before the merger, or that the marketability of combined company common stock will improve or remain consistent with the marketability of Graphic common stock before the merger.
GRAPHIC PROPOSAL
At the Graphic special meeting, holders of Graphic common stock and the holder of the convertible preferred stock will be asked to vote to approve the merger agreement.
THE MERGER WILL NOT BE COMPLETED UNLESS GRAPHIC'S STOCKHOLDERS APPROVE THE MERGER AGREEMENT.
BACKGROUND OF THE MERGER
Riverwood was acquired in 1996 by a group of investors, including private equity funds managed by Clayton, Dubilier & Rice, Inc., or CD&R, Exor, an international holding company of the Agnelli Group, Madison Dearborn Partners, LLC, Brown Brothers Harriman & Co., J.P. Morgan Partners LLC and others.
Graphic and Riverwood entered into a CUK folding boxboard supply contract in January 2000 and, as a result, senior management of each company began to develop a better understanding of the other company's business. The companies discussed potential joint projects for two new product offerings as well as areas of business cooperation during 2001, but none of these projects was consummated.
Beginning in early 2002, in part as a result of the consolidations in the packaging industry and in order to compete more effectively, Graphic began considering various strategic alternatives involving its business. During 2002, Graphic had discussions about possible business combinations with other
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companies in the packaging industry. Following negotiations and the exchange of some business information, these discussions were terminated.
On May 3, 2002, Riverwood filed a registration statement with the SEC for an initial public offering of Riverwood common stock, and, during the summer of 2002, Riverwood was engaged in the registration process with the SEC.
In early July 2002, representatives of Graphic contacted representatives of Goldman, Sachs & Co. or Goldman Sachs, about exploring a potential acquisition of Riverwood by Graphic for a combination of cash and stock. Credit Suisse First Boston acted as financial advisor to Graphic, and Goldman Sachs, which had been working with Riverwood on the proposed offering, acted as financial advisor to Riverwood. In connection with these preliminary discussions, Graphic executed a confidentiality agreement with Riverwood.
On July 30, 2002, Luis E. Leon, Chief Financial Officer of Graphic, and David W. Scheible, Chief Operating Officer of Graphic, met with Stephen M. Humphrey, Chief Executive Officer of Riverwood, at CD&R's offices in New York. Representatives of Credit Suisse First Boston, on behalf of Graphic, and Goldman Sachs and CD&R, on behalf of Riverwood, also attended this meeting. At this meeting, each party presented a business overview and discussed the benefits and merits of a potential combination. In addition, representatives of Graphic discussed the structure and financing for an acquisition of Riverwood by Graphic. There were no further discussions on this proposed transaction.
During the remaining months of the summer and early fall of 2002, the U.S. capital markets continued to experience a decline in the demand for initial public offerings of stock. Following consultations with Goldman Sachs, Riverwood's stockholders and senior management initiated discussions with Graphic regarding a potential stock-for-stock exchange or merger of equals transaction, and Riverwood executed a confidentiality agreement with Graphic. On October 9, 2002, Jeffrey H. Coors, President and Chief Executive Officer of Graphic, and Messrs. Leon and Scheible met in Golden, Colorado with representatives of Goldman Sachs and representatives of Credit Suisse First Boston. At this meeting, the concept of a stock-for-stock merger between Graphic and Riverwood and a methodology for valuation were discussed.
From October 9, 2002 through the week of March 3, 2003, the financial advisors for both parties had numerous discussions regarding the potential valuation for any merger between Graphic and Riverwood and the relative contributions by each company to the combined entity.
During the remainder of October through January 2003, Messrs. Coors, Leon and Scheible on behalf of Graphic and assisted by representatives of Credit Suisse First Boston met with Mr. Humphrey and representatives of CD&R and Goldman Sachs to discuss the strategic and operating advantages of a potential transaction, as well as the potential terms of a transaction, including valuation and the corresponding allocation of ownership of the combined company between Graphic stockholders and Riverwood stockholders, executive officer positions and board of directors composition, the treatment of incentive and employment agreements, the treatment of the convertible preferred stock held by the Trust, the potential financing for the transaction and potential synergies and cost savings resulting from the proposed merger.
On November 18, 2002, at a special meeting, Graphic's board of directors discussed a potential transaction with Riverwood and the status of negotiations.
On December 9, 2002 at a regularly scheduled board meeting, Graphic's board of directors discussed strategic considerations with respect to the potential transaction and other potential strategic alternatives. An overview of a proposed merger was presented to the board at this meeting and the board discussed the proposal.
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During the period from November 2002 through March 24, 2003, the Riverwood board of directors met on a regular basis in person and by conference telephone call with Mr. Humphrey, representatives of CD&R, Goldman Sachs and Debevoise & Plimpton, or Debevoise, Riverwood's legal advisor, to review and discuss the strategic rationale and the material terms of the proposed transaction.
By the end of December 2002, the boards of directors of both companies had determined that, based on preliminary contribution analyses prepared by the companies and their financial advisors, both companies should continue to explore the terms of a merger of equals transaction. The two companies also determined to begin a more extensive due diligence investigation of each other beginning in January 2003.
On January 8 and 9, 2003, Graphic and Riverwood, together with their financial advisors, held detailed company-to-company business review meetings at the Debevoise offices in New York. During the week of January 13, 2003, both companies made data rooms available, and due diligence investigations, including site visits, by financial, accounting, legal and other advisors for both companies began and continued through March 24, 2003.
On January 27, 2003, Graphic's board of directors held a meeting by telephone to discuss the potential transaction with Riverwood and the status of negotiations. Also on January 27, Mr. Coors visited Riverwood's Fiskeby board mill in Sweden to review and evaluate Riverwood's business operations there.
On February 10, 2003, at a regularly scheduled board meeting, Graphic's board of directors again discussed the proposed merger. This meeting included an extensive review and discussion of the transaction among the directors, as well as updates from Graphic's management on the strategic and business considerations relating to the transaction, the ongoing diligence review and the status of discussions between the parties. Messrs. Coors, Leon, Scheible and Jill B.W. Sisson, general counsel and secretary of Graphic, and Marsha C. Williams, vice president, human resources of Graphic, informed the Graphic board of various calls and meetings between Graphic and its advisors and Riverwood and its advisors that had occurred in late January and early February.
During the weeks of February 10 and 17, Riverwood's legal advisor provided drafts of the principal transaction documents to Holme Roberts & Owen LLP, the legal advisors to Graphic, and Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP, the legal advisors to the Coors family stockholders, including the merger agreement, voting agreement, stockholders agreement, registration rights agreement and related charter and by-law amendments. In providing a voting agreement to the Coors family stockholders, Riverwood's advisors indicated that Riverwood would require that the Coors family stockholders agree to support the proposed transaction and that the Trust convert its shares of the convertible preferred stock into Graphic common stock in connection with the merger.
Beginning in February and continuing through March 24, 2003, the parties, together with their respective legal and financial advisors, negotiated the principal terms of the transaction documents, including valuation and the proposed exchange ratio, and continued to conduct due diligence. The parties, together with their respective legal and financial advisors, also negotiated the composition of the board of directors and executive officers of the combined company, as well as other employee compensation and benefit matters, including amendments to the employment agreements of Messrs. Humphrey, Coors and Scheible and other Graphic employees. The negotiation of the merger agreement and other documents was handled primarily by Mr. Coors, Mr. Leon and Ms. Sisson, on behalf of Graphic, Mr. Humphrey, Daniel J. Blount, Chief Financial Officer of Riverwood, and representatives of CD&R on behalf of Riverwood, representatives of Riverwood's stockholders and representatives of the Coors family stockholders, together with each party's legal and financial advisors.
On February 25, 2003, Riverwood and Graphic, together with their legal and financial advisors, representatives of Riverwood's stockholders and the legal advisors to the Coors family stockholders met
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to discuss valuation and other terms of the merger agreement, voting agreement, stockholders agreement and amended and restated registration rights agreement.
During the week of March 3, 2003, based on continuing valuation analyses by both companies' senior management teams and financial advisors, the parties determined that the proposed exchange ratio for the merger would reflect that 57.5% and 42.5% of the common stock of the combined company on a fully diluted basis would be held by Riverwood stockholders and Graphic stockholders, respectively.
On March 5, 2003, Graphic's board held a special meeting, during which the directors extensively discussed the status of the proposed transaction and the terms of the draft merger agreement. At that meeting, in response to Riverwood's request that the Trust convert its shares of the convertible preferred stock into Graphic common stock and Riverwood's offer to pay the Trust, in consideration of such conversion, an amount in cash equal to the estimated present value of the dividends payable on the convertible preferred stock from the effective time of the merger through the first date on which Graphic would have been able to redeem the convertible preferred stock, the members of the Graphic board not affiliated with the Coors family formed an independent committee, which retained Morgan Stanley as financial advisor to determine the fairness of the consideration proposed to be paid to the Trust.
During the weeks of March 10 and 17, 2003, representatives and senior management of Graphic and Riverwood, representatives of Riverwood's stockholders and representatives of the Coors family stockholders, together with their respective legal and financial advisors, continued to negotiate the definitive terms of the merger agreement, voting agreement, stockholders agreement and related transaction documents. On March 13, 2003, Graphic and Riverwood, along with their respective financial advisors, met in New York to conduct additional financial due diligence on each other's respective operations.
On March 24, 2003, Morgan Stanley made a presentation to an independent committee of the Graphic board of directors regarding the financial terms of the conversion payment to be made by Riverwood in consideration of the conversion of the convertible preferred stock, and delivered to the independent committee its oral opinion that, as of that date, based upon and subject to the factors and assumptions set forth in the Morgan Stanley fairness opinion, the consideration to be paid pursuant to the voting agreement to the Trust by Riverwood representing an amount equal to the present value, calculated at a discount rate of 8.5%, of the dividends payable to the convertible preferred stock from the effective time of the merger through the first date on which Graphic could have redeemed the convertible preferred stock, was fair to Graphic from a financial point of view. The independent committee then voted unanimously to approve the proposed terms for the conversion of the convertible preferred stock, including the 8.5% discount rate used to calculate the present value of future dividends. Morgan Stanley confirmed its oral opinion in a written fairness opinion delivered to the independent committee on March 24, 2003.
On March 24, 2003, Graphic's board of directors met to consider the merger agreement and the proposed transaction. At the meeting, Graphic's management, together with Graphic's financial and legal advisors, discussed the status of negotiations and the proposed terms of the transaction, the merger agreement and the other documents contemplated by the merger agreement. Credit Suisse First Boston made a presentation regarding the financial terms of the transaction and its valuation analyses of Graphic and Riverwood. Credit Suisse First Boston then delivered to the board its oral opinion that, as of that date, based upon and subject to the factors and assumptions set forth in the Credit Suisse First Boston fairness opinion, the exchange ratio in the merger was fair from a financial point of view to the holders of Graphic common stock other than the Coors family stockholders. Credit Suisse First Boston confirmed its oral opinion in a written fairness opinion delivered to the board on March 25, 2003.
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After an extensive discussion, Graphic's board of directors, by unanimous vote of the directors, except for Mr. William K. Coors, who was not present at the meeting, and Mr. Jeffrey H. Coors, who abstained, determined that the merger agreement, the merger and the other transactions contemplated by the merger agreement were fair to and in the best interests of Graphic and its stockholders. The board, by unanimous vote of the directors voting, voted to approve the merger agreement, the merger and the other transactions contemplated by the merger agreement, including an amendment to the Graphic rights agreement, and to recommend that Graphic's stockholders vote "for" the approval of the merger agreement.
On March 19 and 24, 2003, the Riverwood board of directors held special meetings to review the final terms of the proposed merger agreement, the voting agreement, the stockholders agreement, the amended employment agreement for Mr. Humphrey and other related transaction documents. Also present at the meetings were members of Riverwood's senior management team and representatives of Goldman Sachs and Debevoise. Mr. Humphrey presented his assessment of the proposed transaction. Members of Riverwood management and representatives of Debevoise presented the results of the due diligence investigation of Graphic and Debevoise reviewed the proposed merger agreement in detail. Goldman Sachs reviewed the financial terms of the proposed transaction. Thereafter, at the special meeting held on March 24, the members of the board of directors of Riverwood present at the meeting voted unanimously to approve the merger agreement and the other transaction documents. Stockholders of Riverwood holding a majority of the outstanding shares of Riverwood voting stock approved the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement by written consent on March 24, 2003.
Following these meetings, representatives of Riverwood and Graphic met to finalize the transaction documents. On March 25, 2003, the merger agreement was executed by Graphic, Riverwood and Acquisition Sub, and the voting agreement, stockholders agreement, amended and restated registration rights agreement and other documents contemplated by the merger agreement, were executed by Riverwood, the Coors family stockholders and the other parties to those agreements.
Before the opening of trading on the NYSE on March 26, 2003, Riverwood and Graphic issued a joint press release announcing their execution of the merger agreement.
GRAPHIC'S REASONS FOR THE MERGER
On March 24, 2003, by unanimous vote of the directors voting, the Graphic board of directors determined that the merger is fair to and in the best interests of Graphic and its stockholders, approved and adopted the merger agreement and resolved to recommend that Graphic stockholders vote "FOR" approval of the merger agreement.
In reaching its decision, the Graphic board of directors considered a number of factors, including the following:
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savings from board substitutions and the potential tax savings from Riverwood's net operating loss;
The Graphic board of directors also identified and considered a number of potentially negative factors in its deliberations concerning the merger, including but not limited to:
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After deliberation, the Graphic board of directors concluded that, on balance, the potential benefits of the merger to the Graphic stockholders outweighed these risks and potential disadvantages.
The foregoing discussion of the information and factors considered by the Graphic board of directors is not intended to be exhaustive, but includes the material factors considered by the Graphic board of directors. In reaching its decision to approve the merger and to recommend the merger to the Graphic stockholders, the Graphic board of directors did not view any single factor as determinative and did not find it necessary or practicable to assign any relative or specific weights to the various factors considered. Furthermore, individual directors may have given different weights to different factors.
RECOMMENDATION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF GRAPHIC
THE GRAPHIC BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS THAT GRAPHIC STOCKHOLDERS VOTE "FOR" APPROVAL OF THE MERGER AGREEMENT.
In considering the recommendation of Graphic's board of directors with respect to the merger, you should be aware that some officers and directors of Graphic have interests in the merger that may be different from, or in addition to, the interests of Graphic stockholders generally. Graphic's board of directors was aware of these interests and considered them in approving the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement. For more information on these interests, see "Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger" beginning on page 64.
In addition, you should be aware that the Coors family stockholders, who hold 13,481,548 shares of Graphic's outstanding common stock and all of the outstanding convertible preferred stock (entitled to vote separately as a class and to cast a total of 24,242,424 votes with the holders of Graphic common stock), have entered into a voting agreement, which requires these stockholders to vote their shares of Graphic common and convertible preferred stock in favor of the merger agreement. These shares represent approximately 65.1% of the combined voting power of Graphic's capital stock and 100% of the voting power of the convertible preferred stock as of March 25, 2003. Also, the executive officers and directors of Graphic have advised that they intend to vote their shares in favor of the merger agreement.
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OPINIONS OF GRAPHIC'S FINANCIAL ADVISORS
Opinion of Credit Suisse First Boston LLC Regarding the Merger
Credit Suisse First Boston has acted as Graphic's exclusive financial advisor in connection with the merger. Graphic selected Credit Suisse First Boston based on Credit Suisse First Boston's experience, reputation and familiarity with Graphic's business and the business of Riverwood. Credit Suisse First Boston is an internationally recognized investment banking firm and is regularly engaged in the valuation of businesses and securities in connection with mergers and acquisitions, leveraged buyouts, negotiated underwritings, competitive biddings, secondary distributions of listed and unlisted securities, private placements and valuations for corporate and other purposes.
In connection with Credit Suisse First Boston's engagement, Graphic requested that Credit Suisse First Boston evaluate the fairness, from a financial point of view, to the holders of Graphic common stock, other than the Coors family stockholders, of the exchange ratio set forth in the merger agreement. On March 24, 2003, at a meeting of the board of directors of Graphic held to evaluate the merger, Credit Suisse First Boston delivered an oral opinion, which was subsequently confirmed in a written opinion dated March 25, 2003, to the effect that, as of that date and based on and subject to the assumptions, limitations and qualifications described in its written opinion, the exchange ratio was fair to the holders of Graphic common stock, other than the Coors family stockholders, from a financial point of view.
The full text of Credit Suisse First Boston's written opinion, dated March 25, 2003, to the board of directors of Graphic, which sets forth, among other things, the procedures followed, assumptions made, matters considered and limitations on the review undertaken, is attached as Annex C to this proxy statement/prospectus. Holders of Graphic common stock are urged to read this opinion in its entirety.
Credit Suisse First Boston's opinion is addressed to the board of directors of Graphic and relates only to the fairness, from a financial point of view, to the holders of Graphic common stock, other than the Coors family stockholders, of the exchange ratio. Credit Suisse First Boston's opinion does not constitute a recommendation to any stockholder of Graphic as to how such stockholder should vote or act on any matter relating to the merger.
In arriving at its opinion, Credit Suisse First Boston:
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In connection with Credit Suisse First Boston's review, Credit Suisse First Boston did not assume any responsibility for independent verification of any of the information and relied on it being complete and accurate in all material respects. With respect to the financial forecasts relating to Graphic, Credit Suisse First Boston assumed that they had been reasonably prepared on bases reflecting the best currently available estimates and judgments of Graphic's management as to the future financial performance of Graphic. With respect to the financial forecasts relating to Riverwood and the cost savings, tax benefits and other potential synergies anticipated to result from the merger, Credit Suisse First Boston assumed that such forecasts (including adjustments thereto) represented reasonable estimates and judgments as to the future financial performance of Riverwood and as to such cost savings, tax benefits and other potential synergies (including the amount, timing and achievability thereof). Credit Suisse First Boston also assumed, with Graphic's consent, that all necessary regulatory and third party approvals and consents for the merger would be obtained without material delay or expense and without any limitation, restriction or condition being imposed that would have an adverse effect on the business of Graphic or Riverwood or the contemplated benefits of the merger and that the merger would be consummated in accordance with the terms of the merger agreement, without waiver, modification or amendment of any material term, condition or agreement therein. In addition, Credit Suisse First Boston assumed, with Graphic's consent, that each outstanding share of Class A common stock of Riverwood and Class B common stock of Riverwood would be reclassified into and become 15.21 shares of Riverwood common stock immediately before the merger. Graphic has also informed Credit Suisse First Boston, and Credit Suisse First Boston assumed, that the merger will be treated as a tax-free reorganization for United States federal income tax purposes.
In addition, Credit Suisse First Boston was not requested to make, and did not make, an independent evaluation or appraisal of the assets or liabilities (contingent or otherwise) of Graphic or Riverwood, nor was Credit Suisse First Boston furnished with any such evaluations or appraisals. Credit Suisse First Boston's opinion was necessarily based upon the information available to Credit Suisse First Boston and financial, economic, market and other conditions as they existed and could be evaluated on the date of the merger agreement. Credit Suisse First Boston did not express any opinion as to what the actual value of the shares of combined company common stock would be when issued to the holders of the Graphic common stock pursuant to the merger or the prices at which such shares would trade at any time. Credit Suisse First Boston's opinion does not address any aspect or implication of the treatment of certain restricted shares of Graphic common stock held by executives of Graphic provided for in the merger agreement. In addition, Credit Suisse First Boston's opinion did not address the relative merits of the merger as compared to other transactions or business strategies that might be available to Graphic, nor did it address Graphic's underlying business decision to proceed with the merger.
In preparing its opinion to the board of directors of Graphic, Credit Suisse First Boston performed a variety of financial and comparative analyses, including those described below. The preparation of a fairness opinion is complex and is not readily susceptible to partial analysis or summary description. Accordingly, Credit Suisse First Boston believes that its analyses must be considered as a whole and that selecting portions of its analyses and factors, or the narrative description of the analyses, could create a misleading or incomplete view of the processes underlying its analyses and opinion.
No company, transaction or business used in Credit Suisse First Boston's analyses as a comparison is directly comparable to Graphic, Riverwood or the proposed merger, and an evaluation of the results of those analyses is not entirely mathematical. Rather, the analyses involve complex considerations and judgments concerning financial and operating characteristics and other factors that could affect the merger or the other values of the companies, business segments or transactions being analyzed.
The estimates contained in Credit Suisse First Boston's analyses and the ranges of valuations resulting from any particular analysis are not necessary indicative of actual values or predictive of future results or values, which may be significantly more or less favorable than those suggested by the
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analyses. The analyses do not purport to be appraisals or to reflect the prices at which businesses actually may be sold.
Credit Suisse First Boston's opinion and financial analyses were among many factors considered by the board of directors of Graphic in its evaluation of the proposed merger and should not be viewed as determinative of the views of the board of directors of Graphic or the managements of Graphic or Riverwood with respect to the merger or the consideration to be received by the holders of Graphic common stock pursuant to the merger.
Summary of Financial Analyses
The following is a summary of the material financial analyses underlying Credit Suisse First Boston's opinion dated March 25, 2003, delivered to the board of directors of Graphic in connection with the merger. The financial analyses summarized below include information presented in tabular format. In order to fully understand Credit Suisse First Boston's financial analyses, the tables must be read together with the text of each summary. Considering the data set forth in the tables below without considering the full narrative description of the financial analyses, including the methodologies and assumptions underlying the analyses, could create a misleading or incomplete view of Credit Suisse First Boston's financial analyses.
Comparable publicly traded company analysis. Credit Suisse First Boston analyzed the market values and trading multiples of Graphic and of selected publicly traded paper and packaging companies that Credit Suisse First Boston believed were reasonably comparable to Graphic and Riverwood. These comparable companies consisted of:
In examining these comparable companies, Credit Suisse First Boston calculated the enterprise value of each company as a multiple of its respective 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 and projected calendar year 2003 earnings before interest expense, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA. Credit Suisse First Boston also calculated the four-year historical average from 1999-2002 of these multiples. The enterprise value of a company is equal to the value of its fully-diluted common equity plus debt and the liquidation value of outstanding convertible preferred stock, if any, minus cash and the value of certain other assets, including minority interests in other entities. Except as otherwise noted herein, all historical data was derived from publicly available sources and all projected data was obtained from
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Wall Street research reports. Credit Suisse First Boston's analysis of the comparable companies yielded the following multiple ranges:
Enterprise Value / EBITDA(1)
Year |
Graphic |
Average(2) |
Median(2) |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1999 | 9.9x | 8.1x | 7.1x | |||
2000 | 4.8x | 5.7x | 5.9x | |||
2001 | 6.1x | 7.4x | 7.6x | |||
2002 | 6.9x | 7.9x | 8.1x | |||
Historical Average | 6.9x | 7.3x | 7.2x | |||
2003(3) | 6.8x | 7.5x | 7.4x |
The average comparable company multiple of enterprise value to EBITDA was approximately 7.0x7.5x for these periods. The results of this analysis were used to help determine inputs for the contribution and discounted cash flow analyses described below.
Contribution analysis. Credit Suisse First Boston analyzed the relative contributions of Graphic and Riverwood to the pro forma combined company for the year 2002 and projected year 2003 based on selected financial data, assuming no anticipated cost savings resulting from the merger, but including the effect of certain expenses and benefits that each respective party contributes. Credit Suisse First Boston analyzed the respective contributions of each company's projected EBITDA for 2003 based on estimates provided by the managements of Graphic and Riverwood (as adjusted by Graphic management). The implied percent of equity value in the table below denotes each respective company's share of pro forma equity based on its contribution to enterprise value, accounting for the debt contributed by each of Graphic and Riverwood, respectively:
|
Multiple of EBITDA to Calculate Enterprise Value |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
7.0x |
7.5x |
||||||
|
Graphic Implied % of Equity Value |
Riverwood Implied % of Equity Value |
Graphic Implied % of Equity Value |
Riverwood Implied % of Equity Value |
||||
2002: | ||||||||
Base Case(1) | 43.4% | 56.6% | 41.2% | 58.8% | ||||
With JD Cahill Synergies(2) | 45.0% | 55.0% | 42.7% | 57.3% | ||||
With Labor Dispute Addback of $4.5mm(3) | 45.3% | 54.7% | 42.9% | 57.1% | ||||
With JD Cahill Synergies and Labor Dispute Addback(4) | 46.8% | 53.2% | 44.3% | 55.7% | ||||
2003: |
||||||||
Base Case(1) | 41.9% | 58.1% | 40.1% | 59.9% | ||||
With JD Cahill Synergies(2) | 43.5% | 56.5% | 41.6% | 58.4% |
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Pro forma financial impact. Using projections provided by the management of Graphic and Riverwood (as adjusted by Graphic management), Credit Suisse First Boston compared the projected earnings per share, or EPS, of Graphic for 2003 through 2007 on a stand-alone basis to the projected pro forma EPS for 2003-2007 of the combined company after the merger. This analysis showed that with anticipated cost savings, tax benefits and other potential synergies (as estimated by Graphic management), the merger would have the following effects:
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Standalone Graphic EPS |
Pro Forma EPS for Combined Company |
Accretion / (Dilution) |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2003 | $ | 0.29 | $ | 0.42 | 43.1% | |||
2004 | 0.31 | 0.50 | 58.6% | |||||
2005 | 0.35 | 0.62 | 78.3% | |||||
2006 | 0.38 | 0.70 | 84.5% | |||||
2007 | 0.41 | 0.77 | 87.7% |
Discounted cash flow analysis. Credit Suisse First Boston performed a discounted cash flow, or DCF, analysis of the projected cash flows of Graphic for the fiscal years ending December 31, 2003 through December 31, 2012, using projections and assumptions provided by the management of Graphic. The DCFs for Graphic were estimated using discount rates ranging from 9.0% to 10.0%, based on estimates related to the weighted average costs of capital of Graphic, and terminal multiples of estimated EBITDA for Graphic's fiscal year ending December 31, 2012 ranging from 7.0x to 7.5x. Based on this analysis, Credit Suisse First Boston estimated an equity value of Graphic ranging from $444.0 million to $543.1 million and an implied equity value per share of Graphic common stock ranging from $5.12 to $6.26.
In addition, Credit Suisse First Boston performed a DCF analysis of the projected cash flows of Riverwood for the fiscal years ending December 31, 2003 through December 31, 2012, using projections and assumptions provided by the management of Riverwood as adjusted by Graphic management. The DCFs for Riverwood were estimated using discount rates ranging from 9.0% to 10.0%, based on estimates related to the weighted average costs of capital of Riverwood, and terminal multiples of estimated EBITDA for Riverwood's fiscal year ending December 31, 2012 ranging from 7.0x to 7.5x. Based on this analysis, Credit Suisse First Boston estimated an equity value of Riverwood ranging from $678.4 million to $919.2 million.
Based on these results, Credit Suisse First Boston derived Graphic's share of the equity value of the pro forma company ranging from 37.1% to 39.6% compared to the percent of equity value in the combined company for Graphic stockholders of 42.5%, as provided for in the merger.
Pro forma combined discounted cash flow analysis. Credit Suisse First Boston also performed a DCF analysis of the projected pro forma combined cash flows of the combined company for the fiscal years ending December 31, 2003 through December 31, 2012, using projections and assumptions provided by the management of Graphic and by the management of Riverwood (as adjusted by Graphic management), including cost savings, tax benefits and other potential synergies as estimated by Graphic management). The DCFs for the combined company were estimated using discount rates
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ranging from 9.0% to 10.0%, based on estimates related to the weighted average costs of capital of the combined company, and terminal multiples of estimated EBITDA for the combined company's fiscal year ending December 31, 2012 ranging from 7.0x to 7.5x. Based on this analysis, Credit Suisse First Boston estimated an implied equity value per share of common stock of the combined company ranging from $6.96 to $8.78 compared to the implied equity value per share of Graphic common stock from the Graphic standalone DCF analysis ranging from $5.12 to $6.26.
Fee Arrangements
Graphic has agreed to pay Credit Suisse First Boston a fee that is customary for transactions of this nature, a significant portion of which is contingent on the merger. Credit Suisse First Boston also received a fee for rendering its opinion. Graphic also has agreed to reimburse Credit Suisse First Boston for its out-of-pocket expenses, including fees and expenses of legal counsel and any other advisor retained by Credit Suisse First Boston, and to indemnify Credit Suisse First Boston and related parties against liabilities, including liabilities under the federal securities laws, arising out of its engagement.
Credit Suisse First Boston and its affiliates have in the past provided, and may in the future provide, investment banking and financial services to Riverwood and Graphic unrelated to the proposed merger, for which services Credit Suisse First Boston and its affiliates have received, and expect to receive, compensation. In addition, Credit Suisse First Boston or one or more of its affiliates has agreed to provide the combined company, or otherwise assist the combined company in obtaining, financing in connection with the merger. In the ordinary course of business, Credit Suisse First Boston and its affiliates may actively trade the debt and equity securities of Riverwood and Graphic for their own accounts and for the accounts of customers and, accordingly, may at any time hold long or short positions in those securities.
Opinion of Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated Regarding the Conversion of the Convertible Preferred Stock
Morgan Stanley was engaged in early March to provide a financial fairness opinion in connection with the proposed conversion payment by Riverwood to the holder of the convertible preferred stock in connection with the conversion of the convertible preferred stock to common stock, and entered into an engagement letter dated as of March 21, 2003. Morgan Stanley was selected by an independent committee of the Graphic board of directors to act as its financial advisor based on Morgan Stanley's qualifications, reputation and its knowledge of the business and affairs of Graphic. At the meeting of the independent committee on March 24, 2003, Morgan Stanley rendered its oral opinion, subsequently confirmed in writing on March 24, 2003, that based upon and subject to the various assumptions and considerations set forth in the opinion, the conversion payment to be paid pursuant to the voting agreement, equal to the estimated present value, calculated using a discount rate of 8.5%, of the future dividend payments payable to the convertible preferred stock from the effective time of the merger through the first date as of which Graphic could have redeemed the convertible preferred stock, was fair from a financial point of view to Graphic.
The full text of the written opinion of Morgan Stanley, dated March 24, 2003, which sets forth, among other things, assumptions made, procedures followed, matters considered and limitations on the scope of the review undertaken by Morgan Stanley in rendering its opinion, is attached as Annex D to this proxy statement/prospectus. Graphic stockholders are urged to, and should, read the opinion carefully and in its entirety. Morgan Stanley's opinion is directed to the independent committee of the board of directors of Graphic and addresses only the fairness of the consideration to be paid pursuant to the voting agreement from a financial point of view to Graphic as of the date of the opinion, does not address the underlying decision by any party to enter into the voting agreement, does not address the underlying decision by Graphic to enter into the merger agreement and does not address the fairness, from a financial point of view, of the exchange ratio or any other element of the merger. The summary of the opinion of Morgan Stanley set forth in this proxy statement/prospectus is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of such opinion.
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In connection with rendering its opinion, Morgan Stanley, among other things:
In rendering its opinion, Morgan Stanley assumed and relied upon, without independent verification, the accuracy and completeness of the information reviewed by it for the purposes of its opinion. Morgan Stanley did not make any independent valuation or appraisal of the assets and liabilities of Graphic, nor was it furnished with such appraisals. In addition, Morgan Stanley assumed that the conversion will be consummated in accordance with the terms set forth in the voting agreement. Morgan Stanley's opinion was necessarily based on financial, economic, market and other conditions as in effect on, and the information made available to it as of March 24, 2003.
The following is a brief summary of certain analyses performed by Morgan Stanley in connection with its oral opinion and the preparation of its written opinion letter dated March 24, 2003.
Analysis of convertible preferred stock terms. Morgan Stanley examined the terms of the convertible preferred stock and noted that the Trust, as the holder of the convertible preferred stock, was entitled to a cumulative quarterly dividend of $2.50 per share of convertible preferred stock, accrued daily and payable on the 15th day of the last month of each calendar quarter. In addition, Morgan Stanley noted that the first date as of which Graphic could redeem the convertible preferred stock is August 15, 2005.
Calculation of present value of preferred dividends. Morgan Stanley calculated the estimated present value of dividend payments payable on the convertible preferred stock from the estimated effective time of the merger through the first date as of which Graphic could have redeemed the convertible preferred stock. Morgan Stanley noted that, assuming an effective time of the merger of April 1, 2003, a change of 1% in the rate used to discount the dividend payments payable on the convertible preferred stock changed the estimated present value by approximately $250,000.
Cost of capital analysis. Morgan Stanley estimated the weighted average cost of capital for Graphic and the combined company. Morgan Stanley reviewed Riverwood's and Graphic's filings with the SEC to determine the capital structures and stated costs of debt financing of Riverwood and Graphic, respectively. In addition, Morgan Stanley estimated the potential market costs of equity and debt financing of Graphic and the combined company. Based on this information, Morgan Stanley estimated a weighted average cost of capital for Graphic of 5.3% and for the combined company of 5.3%. Morgan Stanley noted that the discount rate utilized in determining the amount of the conversion payment was greater than the estimated weighted average cost of capital of each of Graphic and the combined company.
Comparable security analysis. Morgan Stanley estimated the publicly-traded market value of a security with comparable terms to the convertible preferred stock as if such security had been issued by
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each of Graphic and the combined company. Morgan Stanley compared the estimated publicly-traded market value of the convertible preferred stock with the sum of:
Morgan Stanley noted the sum of the value of the underlying common stock as of March 20, 2003 and the dividend prepayment was less than the estimated publicly-traded market value of the comparable security.
In connection with the review by the independent committee of the conversion payment to be made by Riverwood to the holder of the convertible preferred stock, Morgan Stanley performed a variety of financial and comparative analyses for purposes of its opinion. The preparation of a fairness opinion is a complex process and is not necessarily susceptible to partial analysis or summary description. In arriving at its opinion, Morgan Stanley considered the results of all of its analyses as a whole and did not attribute any particular weight to any analysis or factor considered by it. Furthermore, Morgan Stanley believes that selecting any portion of its analyses, without considering all analyses, would create an incomplete view of the process underlying its opinion. In addition, Morgan Stanley may have given various analyses and factors more or less weight than other analyses and factors and may have deemed various assumptions more or less probable than other assumptions, so that the ranges of valuations resulting from any particular analysis described above should not be taken to be Morgan Stanley's view of the actual value of the convertible preferred stock or any component thereof or of Graphic.
In performing its analyses, Morgan Stanley made numerous assumptions with respect to industry performance, general business and economic conditions and other matters, many of which are beyond the control of Graphic.
Any estimates contained in Morgan Stanley's analyses are not necessarily indicative of future results or actual values, which may be significantly more or less favorable than those suggested by such estimates. The analyses performed were prepared solely as part of Morgan Stanley's analysis of the fairness of the consideration to be paid pursuant to the voting agreement and were conducted in connection with the delivery of the Morgan Stanley opinion to the independent committee. In addition, as described above, Morgan Stanley's opinion and presentation to the independent committee was one of many factors taken into consideration by the independent committee in making its decision to approve the proposed terms for the conversion of the convertible preferred stock, and the independent committee's recommendation was one of many factors taken into consideration by Graphic's board of directors in making its decision to approve the merger agreement. Consequently, the Morgan Stanley analyses as described above should not be viewed as determinative of the opinion of the independent committee with respect to the conversion payment to be made by Riverwood to the holder of the convertible preferred stock or of whether the independent committee would have been willing to agree to a different consideration. Morgan Stanley's opinion does not address the underlying decision by Graphic to enter into the merger agreement or the decision by any party to enter into the voting agreement. In addition, Morgan Stanley's opinion does not address the fairness, from a financial point of view, of the exchange ratio or any other element of the merger. In arriving at its opinion, Morgan Stanley was not authorized to and did not investigate any alternative transactions with respect to the convertible preferred stock.
Morgan Stanley was retained based upon Morgan Stanley's qualifications, experience and expertise. Morgan Stanley is an internationally recognized investment banking and advisory firm. Morgan Stanley, as part of its investment banking and financial advisory business, is continuously engaged in the
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valuation of businesses and securities in connection with mergers and acquisitions, negotiated underwritings, competitive biddings, secondary distributions of listed and unlisted securities, private placements and valuations for corporate and other purposes. In the ordinary course of its business, Morgan Stanley may from time to time trade in the securities or indebtedness of Riverwood and Graphic for its own account, the accounts of investment funds and other clients under the management of Morgan Stanley and for the accounts of customers and, accordingly, may at any time hold a long or short position in such securities or indebtedness.
Pursuant to the engagement letter, Morgan Stanley acted as financial advisor in connection with the conversion payment to be made by Riverwood to the holder of the convertible preferred stock and will receive a fee for its services. Pursuant to a separate engagement letter, Morgan Stanley was engaged to provide specific advice to Graphic's management related to valuation matters in connection with the proposed business combination between Riverwood and Graphic. Graphic also has agreed to reimburse Morgan Stanley for its expenses, including fees and expenses of legal counsel and other advisors incurred in performing its services. In the past, Morgan Stanley and its affiliates have provided financial advisory and financing services for Graphic and have received fees for the rendering of these services. An affiliate of Morgan Stanley is a director of Riverwood and Morgan Stanley has agreed to provide financial advisory or financing services to Graphic, the Trust or Riverwood in connection with financing arrangements for the merger or in the future. In addition, Graphic has agreed to indemnify Morgan Stanley and its affiliates, their respective directors, officers, agents and employees and each person, if any, controlling Morgan Stanley or any of its affiliates against certain liabilities and expenses, including certain liabilities under the federal securities laws, related to or arising out of Morgan Stanley's engagement and any related transactions.
RIVERWOOD'S REASONS FOR THE MERGER
In reaching its determination to approve the merger and the merger agreement, the Riverwood board of directors consulted with Riverwood management, legal counsel and accountants and was advised by Goldman Sachs, its financial advisor with respect to this transaction, and considered the short-term and long-term interests of Riverwood. In particular, the Riverwood board of directors considered the following material factors, among others, all of which it deemed favorable, in reaching its decision to approve the merger and the merger agreement:
ACCOUNTING TREATMENT
The merger will be accounted for as a purchase by Riverwood under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Under the purchase method of accounting, the
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assets and liabilities of Graphic will be recorded, as of completion of the merger, at their respective fair values and added to those of Riverwood.
MATERIAL FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE MERGER
The following discussion summarizes the material United States federal income tax consequences to a holder of Graphic common stock of the exchange of Graphic common stock for the combined company's common stock in the merger. This discussion is based on the Code, applicable Treasury regulations, publicly available administrative interpretations and court decisions, all as in effect on the date of this proxy statement/prospectus and all of which may change, possibly with retroactive effect.
Scope of Discussion
This discussion is included for general information purposes only and does not purport to be a complete technical analysis or listing of all potential tax consequences that may be relevant to a person who exchanges Graphic common stock for the combined company's common stock in the merger. This discussion only addresses the tax consequences to stockholders who hold Graphic common stock as a capital asset. This discussion does not address the tax consequences of the merger under state, local or foreign law and the discussion does not address any non-income tax consequences of the merger (such as estate or gift tax consequences). This discussion does not address all aspects of United States federal income taxation that may be important to a stockholder in light of that stockholder's particular circumstances. Accordingly, this discussion does not address any of the tax consequences associated with:
This discussion also does not address the United States federal income tax consequences of the merger to a person who is subject to special rules under the Code, including but not limited to:
Each person who is considering exchanging Graphic common stock for the combined company's common stock in the merger is urged to consult his or her own tax advisor to determine the particular United States federal, state, local, and foreign income and other tax consequences of the merger that may be material to such person.
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Tax Opinions
Graphic will receive an opinion from its tax counsel, Holme Roberts & Owen LLP, or HRO, dated as of the effective date of the registration statement of which this proxy statement/prospectus is a part, or the effective date opinion, to the effect that the merger will be treated for United States federal income tax purposes as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code and that Riverwood and Graphic will each be a party to that reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(b) of the Code. It is a condition to the completion of the merger that Graphic receive a second opinion from HRO, dated as of the closing date of the merger, or the closing date opinion, confirming its effective date opinion.
HRO's effective date opinion and its closing date opinion regarding the tax consequences of the merger will each rely on:
If any of these representations, warranties, covenants or assumptions is inaccurate, HRO's effective date opinion or its closing date opinion, or both, may be invalid. If any of these representations, warranties or covenants cannot be given or if any of these assumptions cannot be made, HRO may not be able to provide its effective date opinion or its closing date opinion, or both. If HRO cannot provide its effective date opinion or its closing date opinion, or both, the merger cannot close unless Graphic and Riverwood waive the requirement that Graphic receive such opinion or opinions.
HRO's effective date opinion and its closing date opinion will neither bind the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, nor preclude the IRS or the courts from adopting a contrary position. Neither Riverwood nor Graphic intends to obtain a ruling from the IRS regarding the tax consequences of the merger.
The following discussion assumes that the merger will qualify as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code and that Riverwood and Graphic will each be a party to the reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(b) of the Code.
United States Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Exchange of Graphic Common Stock for the Combined Company's Common Stock in the Merger
For United States federal income tax purposes, the exchange of Graphic common stock for the combined company's common stock in the merger will not result in the recognition of gain or loss.
A holder of Graphic common stock will have a tax basis in the combined company common stock received in the merger equal to the tax basis of the Graphic common stock surrendered by that holder in the merger.
The holding period for shares of combined company common stock received by a holder of Graphic common stock in exchange for shares of Graphic common stock in the merger will include the holding period for the shares of Graphic common stock surrendered by that holder in the merger.
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Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
A holder of Graphic common stock that receives combined company common stock from the exchange agent in connection with the exchange of Graphic common stock in the merger may be subject to backup withholding at the rate of 30%, unless the holder:
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amount withheld under the backup withholding rules on account of a holder of Graphic common stock that exchanges such stock for combined company common stock in the merger generally will be creditable against the United States federal income tax liability of that holder if appropriate information is provided to the IRS. If a holder of Graphic common stock who exchanges such stock for combined company common stock in the merger does not provide the exchange agent with a correct taxpayer identification number or any other document or certification required by the IRS, such holder may be subject to penalties imposed by the IRS. A holder also will be subject to information reporting unless the holder is a corporation or other exempt recipient.
REGULATORY MATTERS RELATING TO THE MERGER
United States Antitrust
The merger is subject to review by the United States Department of Justice and United States Federal Trade Commission under the HSR Act. Under this statute, Riverwood and the Trust are required to make pre-merger notification filings and must await the expiration or early termination of statutory waiting periods before completing the merger. On April 11, 2003, each of Riverwood and the Trust completed its initial HSR Act filing. If the Department of Justice does not make a second request, the waiting period will expire on May 12, 2003. The Department of Justice may make a request for additional information and other documentary material in connection with the merger. Such a request would effectively extend the waiting period for the merger under the HSR Act until 30 days after both parties substantially comply with the request for additional information. Complying with a request for additional information or material under the HSR Act can take a significant amount of time. Riverwood and Graphic have not yet obtained any of the governmental or regulatory approvals required to complete the merger.
Expiration or termination of the waiting period under the HSR Act is a condition to completing the merger.
Other Jurisdictions
Riverwood and Graphic conduct operations in a number of foreign jurisdictions, and the merger may also be subject to review by governmental authorities under the antitrust laws of those jurisdictions. We recognize that some of these approvals, which are not required to be obtained under the merger agreement, may not be obtained before the completion of the merger and may impact the combined company's ability to conduct business in those jurisdictions. However, neither party is required to complete the merger if the companies have failed to obtain any governmental approval and such failure would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the combined company following the merger.
We cannot assure you that the governmental reviewing authorities will permit the applicable statutory waiting periods to expire, terminate the applicable statutory waiting periods or clear the
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merger at all or without restrictions or conditions that would have a material adverse effect on the combined company if the merger is completed. These restrictions and conditions could include a complete or partial license, divestiture, spin-off or the holding separate of assets or businesses. In addition, during or after the statutory waiting periods and clearance of the merger, and even after completion of the merger, either the Department of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission or another governmental authority could challenge or seek to block the merger under the antitrust laws, as it deems necessary or desirable in the public interest. Other competition agencies with jurisdiction over the merger could also initiate action to challenge or block the merger. In addition, in some jurisdictions, a competitor, customer or other third party could initiate a private action under the antitrust laws challenging or seeking to enjoin the merger, before or after it is completed. Riverwood and Graphic cannot be sure that a challenge to the merger will not be made or that, if a challenge is made, Riverwood and Graphic will prevail.
DISSENTERS' RIGHTS
Common Stockholders
Under applicable provisions of Colorado law, holders of Graphic common stock are not eligible for dissenters' rights in connection with the merger.
Preferred Stockholder
The Trust, the sole holder of the convertible preferred stock, has entered into a voting agreement in connection with the merger, under which the Trust has agreed to vote its shares in favor of the merger agreement. See "Material Terms of Related AgreementsVoting Agreement" on page 80. Under the voting agreement, the Trust has waived any dissenters' rights that it may have in connection with the merger.
RIGHTS AGREEMENT
Graphic entered into a rights agreement dated May 31, 2000, with Norwest Bank Minnesota N.A. (now known as Wells Fargo Bank Minnesota, N.A.) as rights agent. Under this agreement, Graphic effected a dividend distribution of stockholder rights that carry certain conversion rights in the event of a significant change in beneficial ownership of Graphic. One right is attached to each share of Graphic's common stock outstanding and is not detachable until such time as a person or group of affiliated or associated persons acquires beneficial ownership of 15% or more of Graphic's outstanding common stock. Such an acquisition is referred to in the rights agreement as a triggering event. Each right entitles each registered holder (excluding the acquiring person or group) to purchase from Graphic one-thousandth of a share of Series A junior participating preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, at a purchase price of $42.00 per one-thousandth of a share. Registered holders receive shares of Graphic's common stock valued at twice the exercise price of the right upon exercise. Upon the occurrence of a triggering event, Graphic is entitled to exchange one share of its common stock for each right outstanding, or to redeem the rights at a price of $0.001 per right. The rights will expire on June 1, 2010.
In connection with the proposed merger, Graphic and the rights agent amended the terms of the rights agreement so that the execution and delivery of the merger agreement and voting agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement will not constitute a triggering event. This means that holders of Graphic's common stock will not obtain the detachable rights in connection with the proposed merger.
Also, in anticipation of the proposed merger, Riverwood will adopt a stockholder rights plan. See "Description of the Combined Company's Capital StockStockholder Rights Plan" on page 194.
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FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS CONSEQUENCES; STOCK TRANSFER RESTRICTION AGREEMENTS
All shares of the combined company's common stock received by Graphic stockholders in the merger will be freely transferable, except that shares of combined company common stock received by persons who are deemed to be "affiliates" of Graphic under the Securities Act at the time of the Graphic special meeting may be resold by them only in transactions permitted by Rule 145 under the Securities Act or as otherwise permitted under the Securities Act. Persons who may be deemed to be an affiliate of Graphic for such purposes generally include individuals or entities that control, are controlled by or are under common control with, Graphic, as the case may be, and include directors, certain executive officers and principal stockholders of Graphic. These affiliates may resell the shares of combined company common stock they receive in the merger only:
Riverwood's registration statement on Form S-4, of which this proxy statement/prospectus is a part, does not cover the resale of shares of combined company common stock to be received in connection with the merger by persons who may be deemed to be affiliates of Graphic before the merger, and no person is authorized to make any use of this document in connection with any such sale. The merger agreement also requires that Graphic use reasonable best efforts to cause each affiliate to execute a written agreement to the effect that such persons will not offer, sell or otherwise dispose of any of the shares of combined company common stock issued to them in the merger in violation of the Securities Act or the related SEC rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. However, the Coors family stockholders, each of whom may be deemed to be an affiliate of Graphic, have entered into an amended and restated registration rights agreement with Riverwood and its current stockholders. The amended and restated registration rights agreement gives the Coors family stockholders the right, in certain instances, to demand registration of their shares of combined company common stock or to participate in registered offerings of shares by the combined company. See "Material Terms of Related AgreementsAmended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement" on page 87.
STOCK EXCHANGE LISTING; DELISTING AND DEREGISTRATION OF GRAPHIC
COMMON STOCK
It is a condition to the merger that the shares of the combined company's common stock issuable in the merger be approved for listing on the NYSE, subject to official notice of issuance. If the merger is completed, Graphic common stock will cease to be listed on the NYSE and its shares will be deregistered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
MERGER FINANCING
Refinancing Transactions
Riverwood and Graphic currently expect to enter into the following financing transactions in connection with the merger:
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The foregoing financing transactions are referred to in this document as the "refinancing".
Although Riverwood and Graphic currently intend to refinance Riverwood's existing senior notes and senior subordinated notes and Graphic's existing senior subordinated notes, the completion of such a refinancing on terms acceptable to Riverwood and Graphic will depend on market conditions at or near the effective time of the merger.
Sources and Uses of Funds
Riverwood and Graphic currently expect that approximately $2.2 billion will be required to consummate the merger and related transactions (including the refinancing). Approximately $1.3 billion is expected to be drawn under the new credit facilities in connection with the merger and related transactions, and approximately $850 million aggregate principal amount of new notes are expected to be issued. With the borrowings under the new credit facility and the proceeds from the issuance and sale of the new notes, and assuming that substantially all of GPC's existing senior subordinated notes are tendered for purchase, Riverwood and Graphic expect that approximately $1.2 billion aggregate principal amount of existing senior and senior subordinated notes of RIC and GPC will be redeemed, repurchased or otherwise repaid, and all outstanding amounts under RIC's and GPC's existing senior secured credit facilities (estimated to be approximately $750 million at the time of the merger) will be repaid. A portion of those proceeds will also be used to pay transaction fees and expenses in connection with the merger and related transactions. Any of GPC's existing senior subordinated notes that are not tendered for purchase are expected to remain outstanding, and the amount of funds required to consummate the merger and related transactions may be reduced as a result.
New Credit Facilities
Pursuant to letters dated March 24, 2003, JPMorgan Chase Bank, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, Goldman Sachs Credit Partners L.P., Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., Citicorp North America Inc., Credit Suisse First Boston and certain of their affiliates have committed to provide, or arrange for a syndicate of lenders to provide, the new credit facilities, subject to certain conditions. RIC and GPC are expected to be co-borrowers under the new credit facilities. In the event that RIC and GPC are merged in connection with the merger or otherwise, the resulting entity would be the borrower under the new credit facilities. These co-borrowers, or this sole borrower, as the case may be, are referred to in this proxy statement/prospectus as the "borrower."
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The new credit facilities are expected to provide for aggregate maximum borrowings of $1.6 billion under (1) a term loan facility providing for term loans in an aggregate principal amount of $1.2 billion in two tranches, consisting of Tranche A term loans and Tranche B term loans, and (2) a revolving credit facility, providing for up to $400 million in revolving loans to the borrower (including standby and commercial letters of credit) outstanding at any time. In connection with the consummation of the merger and the refinancing, and assuming that substantially all of GPC's existing senior subordinated notes are tendered for purchase, approximately $1.2 billion is expected to be drawn under the term loan facility and approximately $100 million is expected to be drawn under the revolving credit facility. Undrawn amounts under the revolving credit facility will be available on a revolving credit basis for general corporate purposes of the borrower and its subsidiaries.
Availability. The availability of the new credit facilities is expected to be subject to various conditions precedent including, but not limited to:
The commitments to provide the new credit facilities are also subject to, among other things, the absence of any material adverse change with respect to the combined company, the absence of any material disruption of or material adverse change in conditions in the financial, banking or capital markets that would materially impair the syndication of the new credit facilities, and the negotiation, execution and delivery of definitive financing documentation for the new credit facilities.
Maturity; Prepayments. The Tranche A term loans and the revolving credit facility are expected to mature in 2009. The Tranche B term loans are expected to mature in 2010. Amortization of the principal amount of the respective tranches of the term loan facility is expected to be on an installment schedule to be determined, with amortization of the Tranche A term loans over their term and with no substantial amortization of the Tranche B term loans until maturity.
Subject to certain exceptions, the new credit facilities are expected to be subject to mandatory prepayment and reduction in an amount equal to:
Security; Guaranty. The obligations of the borrower under the new credit facilities are expected to be guaranteed by the combined company and each existing or future domestic subsidiary of the combined company (other than the borrower). In addition, the new credit facilities and the guarantees thereunder are expected to be secured by security interests in and pledges of or liens on substantially all the material tangible and intangible assets of the borrower and the guarantors, including pledges of all the capital stock of each direct or indirect domestic subsidiary of the combined company and of up to 65% of the capital stock of each direct foreign subsidiary of the combined company.
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Interest. At the borrower's election, the interest rates per annum applicable to the loans under the new credit facilities are expected to be a fluctuating rate of interest measured by reference to either (1) an adjusted London inter-bank offered rate, or LIBOR, plus a borrowing margin or (2) an alternate base rate, or ABR, plus a borrowing margin.
Fees. Subject to the consummation of the merger, Riverwood and Graphic are expected to agree to pay (or cause the borrower to pay) certain fees with respect to the new credit facilities, including (1) fees on the unused commitments of the lenders, (2) letter of credit fees on the aggregate face amount of outstanding letters of credit plus a fronting bank fee for the letter of credit issuing bank, (3) quarterly administration fees and (4) arrangement and other similar fees.
Covenants. The new credit facilities are expected to contain a number of covenants that, among other things, would limit or restrict the ability of the borrower and the guarantors to dispose of assets, incur additional indebtedness, incur guarantee obligations, prepay other indebtedness, make restricted payments, create liens, make equity or debt investments, make acquisitions, modify terms of the indentures under which the new notes are expected to be issued, engage in mergers or consolidations, change the business conducted by the borrower and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, make capital expenditures, or engage in certain transactions with affiliates. In addition, under the new credit facilities, the borrower is expected to be required to comply with specified financial ratios and tests, including a minimum interest expense coverage ratio, a maximum leverage ratio and maximum capital expenditures.
Events of Default. The new credit facilities are expected to contain customary events of default including non-payment of principal, interest or fees, failure to comply with covenants, inaccuracy of representations or warranties in any material respect, cross default to certain other indebtedness, loss of lien perfection or priority, material judgments and change of ownership or control.
New Notes
Riverwood and Graphic expect that the financing arrangements to be entered into in connection with the merger and the refinancing will include the offering and sale of approximately $850 million aggregate principal amount of new notes, which are currently expected to consist of senior notes and senior subordinated notes, in a private offering with registration rights, or in a public offering.
The following is a summary description of certain terms of the new notes and the indentures under which such new notes are expected to be issued, based on Riverwood's and Graphic's preliminary discussions with financing sources. The terms of the new notes and the indentures are under discussion. Accordingly, their definitive terms may vary materially from those described in the following summary.
RIC and GPC are expected to be co-issuers of the new notes. In the event that RIC and GPC are merged in connection with the merger or otherwise, the resulting entity would be the issuer of the new notes. These co-issuers, or this sole issuer, as the case may be, are referred to in this proxy statement/prospectus as the "issuer".
The new notes will mature after the maturity of our new credit facilities, and will bear interest at a fixed, market rate of interest to be determined at the time of their offering. With certain exceptions, the issuer will not have the right at its option to redeem the new notes during the first four to five years that they will be outstanding. Thereafter, the issuer may at its option redeem the new notes, in whole or in part, at certain redemption prices, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption. These redemption prices will be calculated at a premium over the principal amount of the new notes, which will decline ratably to zero two years prior to the final maturity date. In addition, at any time during the first three years that the new notes are outstanding, the issuer will have the right, subject to certain requirements, to redeem a portion of the new notes with the cash proceeds of certain equity offerings by the issuer or its parents. This redemption price will be calculated at a premium over the principal amount to be redeemed.
The indentures are expected to provide that, upon the occurrence of certain events constituting a "change of control," unless the issuer has exercised any right to redeem the new notes, the issuer will
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be required to offer to purchase the new notes from their holders at a price equal to 101% of the principal amount to be purchased. Under certain circumstances, the issuer also will be required to apply certain asset sale proceeds to an offer to purchase new notes, at a price equal to the principal amount to be purchased.
The new senior notes will be unsecured, general obligations of the issuer, and will rank pari passu with all senior indebtedness of the issuer. The new senior subordinated notes will be unsecured, general obligations of the issuer, and will be subordinated to all indebtedness under the new credit facilities and all other existing and future "senior indebtedness" (to be defined in the indenture for the new senior subordinated notes) of the issuer. The new notes may be guaranteed under certain circumstances by the parents of the issuer and certain subsidiaries of the issuer on an unsecured basis (and in the case of the new senior subordinated notes, also on a subordinated basis).
In addition, the indentures will contain certain negative covenants, including limitations on:
The indentures will also contain certain affirmative covenants, including financial and other reporting requirements, and certain default provisions.
The foregoing description of the proposed terms of the new notes and indentures represent the parties' current intention with respect to the refinancing of RIC's existing senior notes and senior subordinated notes and GPC's existing senior subordinated notes. The issuance of the new notes and refinancing of existing notes are dependent on market conditions at or near the effective time of the merger. We cannot assure you that market conditions at that time will permit the issuance of the new notes on the described terms or on other terms and conditions acceptable to Riverwood and Graphic. In addition, the refinancing of GPC's existing senior subordinated notes is dependent on the extent to which the holders of these notes accept the offer to purchase these notes in connection with the merger. Assuming that the combined company refinances all of the existing notes, total 2002 pro forma interest expense would be $155.6 million. See "Unaudited Condensed Pro Forma Combined Financial Statements" on page 144 and "Notes to Unaudited Condensed Pro Forma Combined Financial Statements" on page 147.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS REGARDING THE MERGER
On April 2, 2003, two separate lawsuits were filed in the District Court of Jefferson County in Colorado on behalf of purported classes of Graphic's stockholders against Graphic, Graphic's directors and Riverwood, alleging that Graphic's directors breached their fiduciary duties to the stockholders of Graphic in connection with the proposed merger and that Riverwood aided and abetted the alleged breach. The complaints, which are encaptioned Robert F. Smith, On Behalf of Himself and All Others Similarly Situated v. Jeffrey H. Coors, et al., and Harold Lightweis, On Behalf of Himself and All Others Similarly Situated v. Jeffrey H. Coors, et al., and which Riverwood and Graphic believe to be without merit, seek damages and to enjoin the merger.
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INTERESTS OF CERTAIN PERSONS IN THE MERGER
Certain of Graphic's directors and executive officers have interests in the merger as individuals in addition to, and that may be different from, their interests as stockholders. The Graphic board of directors was aware of these interests and considered them in its decision to approve the merger agreement.
CONVERSION PAYMENT BY RIVERWOOD TO THE HOLDER OF CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK
In connection with the merger, the Trust has agreed to convert all of its shares of convertible preferred stock into Graphic common stock just before the effective time of the merger. See "Material Terms of Related AgreementsVoting Agreement" on page 80. The Trust is the sole holder of the convertible preferred stock. The 1,000,000 outstanding shares of convertible preferred stock are convertible into 48,484,848 shares of Graphic common stock.
In consideration for the Trust's conversion of the convertible preferred stock, Riverwood has agreed to pay the Trust, in cash, the estimated present value, calculated using a discount rate of 8.5%, of dividends payable to the Trust on the convertible preferred stock from the effective time of the merger through August 15, 2005, the first date on which Graphic could have redeemed the convertible preferred stock. While the exact amount that will be paid to the Trust by Riverwood depends upon the date of completion of the merger, Riverwood and Graphic currently anticipate that the payment in consideration of the conversion of the convertible preferred stock will be approximately $19.7 million. This amount assumes that the effective time of the merger will occur on July 1, 2003.
The trustees of the Trust are William K. Coors, Jeffrey H. Coors, John K. Coors, Joseph Coors, Jr., and Peter H. Coors. Jeffrey H. Coors is President and Chief Executive Officer and a director of Graphic. William K. Coors is a director of Graphic and is Jeffrey H. Coors' uncle.
NEW EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS WITH JEFFREY H. COORS AND DAVID W. SCHEIBLE
Jeffrey H. Coors, the President and Chief Executive Officer of Graphic and David W. Scheible, the Chief Operating Officer of Graphic each entered into a new employment agreement, dated as of March 25, 2003 with Graphic. Each of these employment agreements is to become effective at the completion of the merger and the term of each agreement is three years. The combined company will succeed to the rights and obligations of Graphic under these employment agreements following the effective time of the merger.
Mr. Coors, under this new employment agreement, will serve as the Executive Chairman of the board of the combined company during the term of his employment. He will receive an annual base salary of $555,000.
Mr. Scheible, under this new employment agreement, will serve as the Executive Vice President of Commercial Operations of the combined company. He will receive an annual base salary of $420,000.
Both Mr. Coors and Mr. Scheible, under the terms of their respective agreements, will participate in (1) short-term incentive plans existing from time to time and (2) other incentive plans as determined by the compensation and benefits committee of the combined company's board of directors. They will also participate in savings and retirement plans and welfare benefit plans sponsored by the combined company.
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Under the terms of their respective employment agreements, at the effective time of the merger, Graphic will pay to Mr. Coors and Mr. Scheible the following compensation and benefits:
If, during the term of their respective employment agreements, either Mr. Coors or Mr. Scheible is terminated without cause or terminates his employment for good reason (as defined below), he would be entitled to receive (in addition to accrued amounts), the following amounts and benefits:
For purposes of these employment agreements, "good reason" means the termination of employment by the executive officer within 90 days following the occurrence of any of the following events without the executive's consent:
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If any payments that result from the merger or from the termination of the executive without cause or termination for good reason constitute an excess parachute payment (as defined under Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code), the executive will receive a full gross-up payment to compensate the executive for the amount of the tax owed.
Under the terms of their respective employment agreements, each of Mr. Coors and Mr. Scheible agrees that, during the term of his employment with the combined company and for a period of two years thereafter if his employment with the combined company is terminated for any reason before the end of the three year term, he will not:
The employment agreements do provide, however, that neither Mr. Coors nor Mr. Scheible will be in violation of the foregoing by virtue of the fact that he owns 5% or less of the outstanding common stock of a corporation, if such stock is listed on a national securities exchange, is reported on Nasdaq or is regularly traded in the over-the-counter market by a member of a national securities exchange.
SALARY CONTINUATION AGREEMENT
On October 1, 1994, Graphic granted stock units to Jeffrey H. Coors, its President and Chief Executive Officer, in an amount approximately equal to Graphic's liability as of January 1, 1994 for the benefit due Mr. Coors under a salary continuation agreement. The stock units replace a cash liability of Graphic and tie his post-retirement benefit to stock value. The stock units are payable in full upon retirement at age 60 or after. The stock units are 50 percent vested at age 50 with 10 years of service and the remaining 50 percent vests in 5 percent increments between ages 51 and 60. 121,343 units were granted, with 85 percent vested at year-end 2002, and the market value at year-end 2002 was $594,095. These units will vest in full, according to their terms, at the effective time of the merger.
OTHER GRAPHIC EXECUTIVE EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS
Graphic is party to employment agreements, amended and restated as of January 10, 2003, with each of the following executive officers: Luis E. Leon, Jill B.W. Sisson and Marsha C. Williams.
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At the effective time of the merger, because these executive officers' employment will be terminated at that time, the combined company will pay the executives (in addition to accrued amounts) the following compensation and benefits:
If any payments that result from the merger constitute a parachute payment (as defined under Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code), the executive officer will receive a full gross-up payment to compensate him or her for the amount of the tax owed.
The aggregate value of cash awards payable to these Graphic executive officers under these agreements will be approximately $13.6 million.
The aggregate value of equity-based awards payable to these Graphic executive officers under these agreements will be approximately $3.0 million, based on a Graphic common stock price of $4.98 per share on March 25, 2003.
EXECUTIVE BENEFIT PLANS
The merger will accelerate payments to executive officers and vesting of options and restricted stock granted to executive officers under various executive incentive plans, as provided by the terms of the Graphic employment agreements described above. These plans include the Graphic Executive Incentive Plan, Graphic Equity Incentive Plan, Graphic Long-term Incentive Plan 2000-2004, and Graphic Long-term Incentive Plan 2003-2005. In addition to those benefits, other executive and director plans provide benefits in connection with the merger.
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Under the Graphic Equity Incentive Plan, options to purchase 1,414,494 shares and 557,295 restricted stock grants to employees of Graphic who do not have change in control agreements will be converted into options to acquire the same number of shares of combined company common stock and the same number of shares of restricted stock of the combined company, respectively. The merger will constitute a reorganization under these plans, not a change in control. Under the Graphic Executive Incentive Plan, the plan will terminate and prorated bonuses will be calculated and paid, if earned.
GRAPHIC DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN
In connection with the merger, distributions will be made under the deferred compensation plans according to the participant's initial elections and will be an obligation of the combined company.
GRAPHIC EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN FOR NON-EMPLOYEE DIRECTORS
Non-employee directors of Graphic receive 20% of their annual compensation in the form of restricted stock and receive an option grant at the commencement of their service that vests over the term of their service. [At the completion of the merger, outstanding option grants for 38,348 shares under the equity compensation plan for non-employee directors will be converted into options to acquire shares of the combined company and will vest in full.]
COMBINED COMPANY BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Under the terms of the merger agreement, the board of directors of the combined company after the completion of the merger will consist of nine individuals. Three of these individuals, Jeffrey H. Coors, John D. Beckett and Harold R. Logan, Jr., are current directors of Graphic. Messrs. Beckett and Logan are Graphic independent directors.
INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
From and after the effective time of the merger, Riverwood has agreed that the combined company will indemnify and hold harmless all past and present directors, officers, employees and agents of Graphic and its subsidiaries before the completion of the merger for losses in connection with any action arising out of or pertaining to acts or omissions, or alleged acts or omissions, by them in their capacities as such at or before the effective time of the merger. The combined company will indemnify or advance expenses to such persons to the same extent such persons are indemnified or have the right to advancement of expenses under Graphic's articles of incorporation, bylaws and indemnification agreements, if any, on the date of the merger agreement, and to the fullest extent permitted by law.
Riverwood also has agreed that the combined company will include and cause to be maintained in effect in its certificate of incorporation and by-laws, for a period of six years after the completion of the merger, the current provisions regarding elimination of liability of directors, indemnification of officers, directors and employees and advancement of expenses contained in the articles of incorporation and bylaws of Graphic.
In addition, Riverwood has agreed that the combined company will cause to be maintained, for a period of six years after the completion of the merger, the current policies of directors' and officers' liability insurance and fiduciary liability insurance maintained by Graphic with respect to claims arising from facts or events that occurred at or before the effective time of the merger. The combined company may substitute policies of at least the same coverage and amounts containing terms and conditions which are, in the aggregate, no less advantageous to the insured. Such substitute policies must be issued by insurance companies having the same or better ratings and levels of creditworthiness as the insurance companies that have issued the current policies.
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The following is a summary of the material terms of the merger agreement. This summary does not purport to describe all the terms of the merger agreement and is qualified by reference to the complete text of the merger agreement which is attached as Annex A to this proxy statement/prospectus and incorporated herein by reference. All stockholders of Graphic are urged to read the merger agreement carefully and in its entirety.
GENERAL
Under the merger agreement, Graphic will merge with and into Acquisition Sub, a wholly owned subsidiary of Riverwood, with Acquisition Sub continuing as the surviving company. Riverwood will change its name to " ."
CLOSING MATTERS
Unless the parties agree otherwise, the completion of the merger will take place as promptly as practicable (but no later than the third business day) after all closing conditions have been satisfied or waived, unless the merger agreement has been terminated or another time or date is agreed to in writing by the parties. See "Conditions" below for a more complete description of the conditions that must be satisfied or waived before completion.
As soon as practicable after the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions to the merger, Riverwood and Graphic will file certificates of merger with the Delaware Secretary of State and the Colorado Secretary of State in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, the Colorado Business Corporation Act and the Colorado Corporations and Associations Act, and make all other required filings or recordings. The merger will become effective when the certificates of merger are filed or at such later time as Riverwood and Graphic agree and specify in the certificates of merger.
PRE-CLOSING STEPS; MERGER CONSIDERATION; TREATMENT OF STOCK OPTIONS AND RESTRICTED STOCK; BOARD AND MANAGEMENT
The merger agreement provides that, before the completion of the merger:
The merger agreement further provides that, at the completion of the merger:
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underlying the new combined company option will equal the number of shares of Graphic common stock for which the corresponding Graphic option was exercisable. The per share exercise price of each new combined company option will equal the exercise price of the corresponding Graphic option;
For a further discussion of the treatment of Graphic stock options, restricted stock and other employee benefit plans under the merger agreement, see "CovenantsEmployee Matters" on page 74. For a further discussion of the treatment of the stock options and the restricted stock held by employees with change of control agreements and employees party to new employment agreements, see "Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger" beginning on page 64.
Holders of shares of Graphic common stock are not entitled to dissenters' rights in connection with the merger. Under the terms of the voting agreement, the holder of the convertible preferred stock has waived any dissenters' rights it may have in connection with the merger. See "The Proposed MergerDissenters' Rights" on page 58.
EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES IN THE MERGER
Before the completion of the merger, Riverwood will appoint an exchange agent (which must be reasonably acceptable to Graphic) to handle the exchange of Graphic stock certificates for certificates representing shares of combined company common stock. Promptly after the completion of the merger, the exchange agent will send a letter of transmittal, which is to be used to exchange Graphic stock certificates for certificates representing shares of combined company common stock, to each former Graphic stockholder who holds one or more stock certificates. The letter of transmittal will contain instructions explaining the procedure for surrendering Graphic stock certificates. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN STOCK CERTIFICATES WITH THE ENCLOSED PROXY CARD.
Graphic stockholders who surrender their stock certificates, together with a properly completed letter of transmittal, will receive shares of combined company common stock into which the shares of Graphic common stock were converted in the merger. The combined company's common stock will be in uncertificated book-entry form unless a physical certificate is requested.
After the merger, each certificate that previously represented shares of Graphic common stock will only represent the right to receive the shares of combined company common stock into which those shares of Graphic common stock have been converted, except as otherwise described below.
Dividends or distributions declared with respect to the combined company's common stock with a record date that is 180 days or more after the completion of the merger will not be paid to any holder of any Graphic stock certificates until the holder surrenders the Graphic stock certificates in exchange for combined company common stock. Upon surrender, the combined company will pay to the holder, without interest, any dividends or distributions that have been declared after the effective time of the
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merger on the shares of combined company common stock which the holder received upon conversion of Graphic common stock.
For a period of one year following the completion of the merger, holders of unsurrendered Graphic stock certificates will be entitled to vote at any meeting of the combined company's stockholders the number of shares of the combined company's common stock represented by such Graphic stock certificates.
After the completion of the merger, Graphic will not register any transfers of the shares of Graphic common stock.
Riverwood stockholders will not exchange their stock certificates in the merger.
LISTING OF COMBINED COMPANY STOCK
Riverwood has agreed to use its reasonable best efforts to cause the shares of combined company common stock to be issued in the merger and the shares of combined company common stock to be reserved for issuance upon exercise of the stock options exchanged for Graphic stock options to be approved for listing on the NYSE, subject to official notice of issuance, before the completion of the merger. Approval for listing on the NYSE of the shares of combined company common stock issuable to the Graphic stockholders in the merger, subject only to official notice of issuance, is a condition to the obligations of Riverwood and Graphic to complete the merger.
COVENANTS
Riverwood and Graphic have each undertaken certain covenants in the merger agreement, which, among other things, concern the conduct of their respective businesses between the date the merger agreement was signed and the completion of the merger. The following summarizes the more significant of these covenants:
No Solicitation
Graphic has agreed that Graphic, and each of its subsidiaries, officers or directors, will not, and will use reasonable best efforts to ensure that their respective employees, agents or representatives do not:
However, Graphic is permitted to take and disclose to its stockholders its position with respect to any acquisition proposal as may be required under the federal securities laws.
In addition, Graphic is permitted to engage in discussions and negotiations with, and provide information to, any person in response to an unsolicited acquisition proposal, if:
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An "acquisition proposal" means any proposal or offer with respect to:
A "superior proposal" means a bona fide written proposal made by a third party:
The "Graphic independent directors" are those Graphic directors who are not Coors family stockholders parties to the voting agreement with Riverwood described on page 80 or, to the extent such stockholders are trusts, are not the direct or indirect beneficiaries of any of those trusts.
Board of Directors' Covenant to Recommend
Graphic has agreed that its board of directors will recommend approval of the merger agreement to the Graphic stockholders. However, Graphic's board is permitted to withdraw or to modify or to qualify in a manner adverse to Riverwood this recommendation, before the Graphic special meeting, if either:
Even if the board of Graphic withdraws, modifies or qualifies its recommendation of the merger, Graphic is still required to present the merger agreement for approval by the Graphic stockholders at the special meeting of its stockholders for consideration, unless the merger agreement is otherwise terminated. See "Termination of Merger Agreement" on page 77 for a discussion of Graphic's ability to terminate the merger agreement.
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Before the execution of the merger agreement, and as a condition and inducement to Graphic's willingness to enter into the merger agreement, the stockholders of Riverwood approved by written consent the adoption of the merger agreement.
Operations of Riverwood and Graphic Pending Closing
Riverwood and Graphic have each undertaken a separate covenant that places restrictions on them and their respective subsidiaries until either the completion of the merger or the termination of the merger agreement. In general, Riverwood, Graphic and their respective subsidiaries are each required to conduct their respective businesses in the usual, regular and ordinary course in all material respects substantially in the same manner as conducted before the date of the merger agreement and to use their reasonable efforts to preserve intact their present lines of business and relationships with third parties. Each of them has agreed to restrictions that, except as required by law or expressly contemplated by the merger agreement, prohibit them and them respective subsidiaries from:
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Reasonable Best Efforts Covenant
Riverwood and Graphic have agreed to cooperate with each other and to use their reasonable best efforts to take all actions and do all things advisable or necessary under the merger agreement and applicable laws to complete the merger and the other transactions contemplated by the merger agreement.
Reasonable best efforts include (but are not limited to) taking actions necessary to resolve any objections or challenge any governmental entity may have to the contemplated transactions so as to permit their consummation.
Employee Matters
In the merger agreement, Riverwood and Graphic have agreed that, following the merger, Riverwood will:
OTHER COVENANTS AND AGREEMENTS
Expenses
Riverwood and Graphic have each agreed to pay their own costs and expenses incurred in connection with the merger and the merger agreement.
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Other Covenants
The merger agreement contains certain other covenants, including covenants relating to cooperation between Riverwood and Graphic in the preparation of this proxy statement/prospectus and other governmental filings, public announcements, and certain tax matters.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
The merger agreement contains substantially mutual representations and warranties, certain of which are qualified by material adverse effect, made by each of Riverwood and Graphic to the other. The representations and warranties relate to:
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The merger agreement also contains certain representations and warranties of Riverwood with respect to Acquisition Sub, including organization, authorization, absence of a breach of the organizational documents and no prior business activities.
CONDITIONS TO THE COMPLETION OF THE MERGER
Mutual Conditions
Riverwood's and Graphic's respective obligations to complete the merger are subject to the satisfaction or, to the extent legally permissible, the waiver of the following conditions:
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than such party's covenants regarding the issuance of securities, which will have been complied with in all respects), in each case, on or before the closing date; and
As used in the merger agreement, the term "material adverse effect" means with respect to either Riverwood or Graphic, as applicable, any event, change, circumstance or effect that is or is reasonably likely to be materially adverse to:
Additional Conditions to Riverwood's Obligations
In addition, Riverwood's obligation to complete the merger is subject to the satisfaction or, to the extent legally permissible, the waiver of the following conditions:
TERMINATION OF MERGER AGREEMENT
Right to Terminate
The merger agreement may be terminated at any time before the completion of the merger in any of the following ways:
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Termination Fees Payable by Graphic
Graphic has agreed to pay Riverwood a termination fee of $30 million (at or before the time Graphic sends a notice of termination to Riverwood, and not later than one business day after the receipt by Graphic of a notice of termination from Riverwood), if the merger agreement is terminated:
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A "business combination" for Graphic means:
Expenses in the Event of Termination Fee
In the event Graphic is required to pay Riverwood a termination fee, Graphic will also be required to pay and reimburse Riverwood for all of its expenses up to a total amount of no more than $3 million.
Obligations in Event of Termination
In the event of termination as provided for above, the merger agreement will become void and of no further force and effect (except with respect to certain designated sections of the merger agreement) and there will be no liability on behalf of Riverwood or Graphic, except for liabilities arising from a willful breach of the merger agreement.
AMENDMENTS, EXTENSIONS AND WAIVERS
The merger agreement may be amended by the parties at any time before or after the Graphic special stockholders' meeting, except that any amendment after a stockholders' meeting, which requires approval by stockholders, may not be made without such approval.
At any time before the completion of the merger, the parties may, to the extent legally allowed, extend the time for the performance of any of the obligations or other acts of the other parties, waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties contained in the merger agreement, and waive compliance with any of the agreements or conditions contained in the merger agreement.
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MATERIAL TERMS OF RELATED AGREEMENTS
VOTING AGREEMENT
Riverwood and the Coors family stockholders of Graphic have entered into a voting agreement, dated as of March 25, 2003, with respect to the shares owned by the Coors family stockholders or acquired during the term of the voting agreement. The following is a summary of the material terms of the voting agreement and is qualified by reference to the complete text of the agreement, which is attached as Annex B to this proxy statement/prospectus and incorporated herein by reference.
Voting of Shares
Each of the Coors family stockholders has agreed that, at any meeting of the stockholders of Graphic called to vote upon the merger and the merger agreement, each of them will vote all of the shares of common and convertible preferred stock owned by such stockholder in favor of the approval of the merger agreement. Each of the Coors family stockholders has further agreed that at any meeting of the stockholders of Graphic, each of them will vote all of the shares owned by such stockholder against:
The Coors family stockholders, in aggregate, own 13,481,548 shares of Graphic's outstanding common stock and have the right to acquire an additional 946,939 shares of common stock upon exercise of currently exercisable options. The Trust owns all 1,000,000 shares of the outstanding convertible preferred stock, which are entitled to vote separately as a class and to cast a total of 24,242,424 votes with the holders of Graphic common stock in the vote on the merger agreement. In aggregate, the shares covered by the voting agreement represent approximately 65.1% of the combined voting power of Graphic's capital stock and 100% of the outstanding voting power of Graphic preferred stock as of March 25, 2003. In addition, the executive officers and directors of Graphic have advised that they intend to vote their shares in favor of the merger agreement.
No Solicitation
Each of the Coors family stockholders has agreed not to directly or indirectly solicit, encourage or facilitate an acquisition proposal (of the type described above under "The Merger AgreementCovenants" on page 71). The Coors family stockholders have agreed to inform Riverwood of any proposals or requests for information they receive with respect to any business combination.
Transfer Restrictions
Each of the Coors family stockholders has agreed not to transfer any of the shares owned by such Coors family stockholder, or grant any proxies or enter into any voting agreements with respect to such shares other than the voting agreement with Riverwood. There is an exception to the general prohibition on transfer for transfer of shares to other Coors family stockholders or to certain other affiliated parties, if the transferees agree to be bound by the terms of the voting agreement. The Coors
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family stockholders also are prohibited from acquiring additional shares of Graphic stock except for other Coors family stockholder shares already subject to the voting agreement and acquisitions under employee benefit plans for Coors family stockholders who are employees of Graphic.
Irrevocable Proxy
Each of the Coors family stockholders has agreed to designate and appoint Jeffrey H. Coors and, in the case of his inability to act, William K. Coors, as the Coors family representative and attorney-in-fact to perform all acts required, authorized or contemplated by the voting agreement to be performed by any of the Coors family stockholders (including voting the shares of Graphic owned by such Coors family stockholder in the manner described above).
Conversion of Convertible Preferred Stock
Immediately before the completion of the merger, the Trust has agreed to convert all of the shares of convertible preferred stock held by the Trust into shares of Graphic common stock in accordance with the terms of such convertible preferred stock. Promptly after the conversion of such convertible preferred stock, Riverwood has agreed to pay to the Trust an amount equal to the present value, calculated using a discount rate of 8.5%, of the dividend payments payable on such convertible preferred stock from the date of the completion of the merger through August 15, 2005, the first date as of which Graphic could otherwise have redeemed the convertible preferred stock. While the exact amount that will be due depends upon the date of completion of the merger, Riverwood and Graphic currently anticipate that the amount of payment owed by Riverwood to the Trust upon the conversion of the convertible preferred stock will be approximately $19.7 million. This amount assumes that the completion of the merger will occur on July 1, 2003.
Additional Consideration
If the merger agreement is terminated under circumstances entitling Riverwood to receive the termination fee (see "The Merger AgreementTermination of Merger AgreementTermination Fees Payable by Graphic" on page 78), each Coors family stockholder (other than the Adolph Coors Foundation) will be obligated to pay to Riverwood an amount equal to such Coors family stockholder's pro rata share (based on the number of shares of Graphic common stock held by such stockholder on March 25, 2003, treating the convertible preferred stock on an as converted basis) equal to:
in each case from the consummation of any business combination that is consummated within two years of the termination of the merger agreement.
Furthermore, in the event that, before the completion of the merger, a superior proposal (as defined in "The Merger AgreementCovenants" on page 71) is made by a third party and, upon the completion of the merger, Riverwood has increased the amount of merger consideration payable over that set forth in the merger agreement, the Coors family stockholders (other than the Adolph Coors Foundation) have agreed that they will waive any right to receive 50% of any such additional merger consideration.
For purposes of the calculation above, "profit" from any business combination equals:
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The "fair market value" of:
Waiver of Dissenters' Rights
Each of the Coors family stockholders has waived any dissenters' rights it may have in connection with the merger.
Termination
The voting agreement will automatically terminate if the merger agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms before the completion of the merger. If the voting agreement is terminated, its provisions will cease to have effect, except for the provisions described under "Additional Consideration" above.
Stockholder Capacity
The parties acknowledge that each of the Coors family stockholders executing the voting agreement is executing it solely in such Coors family stockholder's capacity as a record holder or beneficial owner of shares of Graphic common stock or convertible preferred stock and not in such person's capacity as an officer or director of Graphic.
STOCKHOLDERS AGREEMENTS
The following is a summary of the material terms of the stockholders agreement, and the other Riverwood stockholders side letter among Riverwood and the stockholder parties identified below, and is qualified by reference to the complete text of these agreements, copies of which have been filed with the SEC as exhibits to Riverwood's registration statement, of which this proxy statement/prospectus is a part. For information on how to obtain copies of the stockholders agreement, the other Riverwood stockholders side letter or other exhibits, see "Where You Can Find More Information" on page 197.
Certain individuals and entities that will be stockholders of the combined company after the completion of the merger and Riverwood have entered into the stockholders agreement, under which the parties thereto have made certain agreements regarding matters further described below, including the voting of their shares and the governance of the combined company. The parties to the stockholders agreement are the Coors family stockholders, the CDR fund, Exor and Riverwood. Certain other entities that will be stockholders of the combined company after the completion of the merger and Riverwood have entered into a Transfer Restrictions and Observation Rights Agreement, dated March 25, 2003, or the other Riverwood stockholders side letter, under which the parties thereto
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have made certain agreements regarding matters further described below, including observation rights and restrictions on the transfer of combined company common stock. The parties to the other Riverwood stockholders side letter are Riverwood, The 1818 Fund II, L.P., HWH Investment Pte Ltd, J.P. Morgan Partners (BHCA), L.P., First Plaza Group Trust, Madison Dearborn Capital Partners, L.P. and Wolfensohn-River LLC. The stockholders agreement and the other Riverwood stockholders side letter will be effective immediately upon the completion of the merger.
Board of Directors
The stockholders agreement provides that the board of directors of the combined company will consist of nine members, classified into three classes. Each of the three classes will consist initially of three directors, the initial terms of which will expire, respectively, at the first, second and third annual meetings of stockholders following the completion of the merger.
Immediately after the effective time, the board of directors will consist of Jeffrey H. Coors (who will be Executive Chairman), Harold R. Logan, Jr. and John D. Beckett (who currently are Graphic directors), Stephen M. Humphrey, Kevin J. Conway, John R. Miller, Martin D. Walker and G. Andrea Botta (who currently are Riverwood directors) and an additional designee to be selected by the CDR fund.
The stockholder parties to the stockholders agreement have further expressed their intention that the board of directors of each of RIC and GPC, the principal operating entities of Riverwood and Graphic, respectively, before the completion of the merger, will have the same composition after the completion of the merger as the combined company's board of directors.
Designation Rights
The stockholders agreement provides that the Coors family representative, the CDR Fund and Exor will have the right, subject to requirements related to stock ownership, to designate a person for nomination for election to the board of directors. Each such director will be designated to that class of directors whose initial term expires at the third annual meeting of stockholders following the completion of the merger.
The Coors family representative is entitled to designate one person for nomination for election to the board for so long as the Coors family stockholders, in the aggregate, own at least 5% of the fully diluted shares of the combined company's common stock. The CDR fund will be entitled to designate one person for nomination for election to the board: (1) for so long as it owns at least 5% of the fully diluted shares of the combined company common stock, or (2) for so long as it owns less than 5% of such shares and certain stockholders of the combined company immediately before the completion of the merger continue to own, in the aggregate, at least 30% of such shares. Exor will be entitled to designate one person for nomination for election to the board for so long as it owns at least 5% of the fully diluted shares of the combined company common stock.
Pursuant to the stockholders agreement, at each meeting of the stockholders of the combined company at which directors of the combined company are to be elected, the combined company will recommend that the stockholders elect to the board of directors of the combined company the designees of the individuals designated by the Coors family representative, the CDR fund and Exor. In addition, for so long as Stephen M. Humphrey serves as the Chief Executive Officer of the combined company, the stockholders agreement provides that he will be nominated for election to the board at any meeting of the stockholders at which directors of his class are to be elected.
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Independent Directors
The stockholders agreement further provides that each of the other directors, not designated in the manner described above, will be a combined company independent director (as defined below) designated for nomination by the nominating and corporate governance committee of the board. In the event that the Coors family representative, the CDR fund or Exor loses the right to designate a person to the board, such designee will resign immediately upon receiving notice from the nominating and corporate governance committee that it has identified a replacement director, and will resign in any event no later than 120 days after the designating person or entity loses the right to designate such designee to the board. At such time as Mr. Humphrey is no longer the Chief Executive Officer of the combined company, he will similarly resign upon receipt of notice from the nominating and corporate governance committee and, in any event, no later than 120 days after ceasing to serve as Chief Executive Officer.
A "combined company independent director" is a director who (1) is not an officer or employee of the combined company or any of its affiliates, (2) is not an officer or employee of any stockholder party to the stockholders agreement or, if such stockholder is a trust, a direct or indirect beneficiary of such trust and (3) meets the standards of independence under applicable law and the requirements applicable to companies listed on the NYSE.
Agreement to Vote for Directors; Vacancies
Each party to the stockholders agreement agrees to vote all of the shares owned by such stockholder in favor of Mr. Humphrey (for so long as he is the Chief Executive Officer of the combined company) and each of the parties' designees to the board, and to take all other steps within such stockholder's power to ensure that the composition of the board is as contemplated by the stockholders agreement.
As long as the Coors family representative, the CDR fund or Exor, as the case may be, has the right to designate a person for nomination for election to the board, at any time at which the seat occupied by such party's designee becomes vacant as a result of death, disability, retirement, resignation, removal or otherwise, such party will be entitled to designate for appointment by the remaining directors an individual to fill such vacancy and to serve as a director. Riverwood and each of the stockholder parties to the stockholders agreement has agreed to take such actions as will result in the appointment to the board as soon as practicable of any individual so designated by the Coors family representative, the CDR fund or Exor.
At any time at which a vacancy is created on the board as a result of the death, disability, retirement, resignation, removal or otherwise of one of the independent directors before the expiration of his or her term as director, the nominating and corporate governance committee will notify the board of a replacement who is a combined company independent director. Each of the company and the stockholder parties to the stockholders agreement have agreed to take such actions as will result in the appointment of such replacement to the board as soon as practicable.
Actions of the Board; Affiliate Agreements
The stockholders agreement provides that actions of the board will require the affirmative vote of at least a majority of the directors present in person or by telephone at a duly convened meeting at which a quorum is present, or the unanimous written consent of the board, except that a board decision regarding the merger, consolidation or sale of substantially all the assets of the combined company will require the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office. In addition, a decision by the company to enter into, modify or terminate any agreement with an affiliate of the Coors family stockholders, the CDR fund or Exor will require the affirmative vote of a majority of the
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directors not nominated by a stockholder which, directly or indirectly through an affiliate, has an interest in that agreement.
Board Committees
The stockholders agreement provides for the board to have an audit committee, a compensation and benefits committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee as follows:
Each of the company and the stockholder parties to the stockholders agreement have agreed to take all steps within their power to ensure that the composition of the board's committees are as provided in the stockholders agreement. The rights described above of each of the CDR fund, the Coors family representative and Exor to have its director designee sit as a member of board committees will cease at such time as such stockholder holds less than 5% of the fully diluted shares of the combined company's common stock, except that the CDR fund will continue to have such right so long as the stockholders of Riverwood immediately before the completion of the merger own, in the aggregate, at least 30% of the fully diluted shares of the combined company's common stock. The board will fill any committee seats that become vacant in the manner provided in the preceding sentence with combined company independent directors. The board is prohibited from forming an executive committee.
Observation and Information Rights; Directors Emeritus
The stockholders agreement provides that The 1818 Fund II, L.P., a stockholder of Riverwood before the completion of the merger, will have the right to designate Lawrence C. Tucker to attend meetings of the board of directors and to receive copies of all written materials provided to the board. This right will terminate at such time as The 1818 Fund II, L.P. transfers (other than to affiliated permitted transferees) 50% or more of the combined company's common stock held by such entity at the completion of the merger. The 1818 Fund II, L.P. has entered into the other Riverwood stockholders side letter, which obligates it to abide by certain terms and conditions in connection with the exercise of this right. Mr. Tucker will not have any right to vote on any matter presented to the board.
With certain specified exceptions, each of the stockholder parties to the other Riverwood stockholders side letter, or other Riverwood stockholders, has the right to receive copies of all written materials provided to the board. This right will terminate, with respect to each other Riverwood
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stockholder, at such time as such other Riverwood stockholder transfers (other than to affiliated permitted transferees) 50% or more of the combined company common stock held by such other Riverwood stockholder at the completion of the merger. Such other Riverwood stockholder must have entered into the other Riverwood stockholders side letter, which obligates it to abide by certain terms and conditions in connection with the exercise of this right.
Under the stockholders agreement, the Coors family representative will have the right to designate William K. Coors as an emeritus director of the company, and the CDR fund will have the right to designate B. Charles Ames as an emeritus director of the company. In such capacities, Mr. William Coors and Mr. Ames will have the right to attend meetings of the board and to receive copies of all written materials provided to the board. Mr. William Coors' position as emeritus director will terminate at such time as the Coors family stockholders, in the aggregate, hold less than 5% of the fully diluted shares of the combined company's common stock. Mr. Ames' position as emeritus director will terminate at such time as the CDR fund holds less than 5% of the fully diluted shares of the combined company's common stock and the stockholders of Riverwood immediately before the completion of the merger hold, in the aggregate, less than 30% of the fully diluted shares of the combined company's common stock. Mr. William Coors and Mr. Ames will not have any right to vote on any matter presented to the board.
Mr. Tucker, Mr. William Coors, Mr. Ames and each of the recipients of information rights will be obliged to the maintain the confidentiality of information received in connection with the exercise of their respective rights.
Transfer Restrictions
The stockholder parties to the stockholders agreement have agreed not to transfer any shares of the combined company's common stock during the restricted period (defined below), except for (1) transfers to certain affiliated permitted transferees that agree to be bound by the stockholders agreement, and (2) a sale to the public pursuant to an effective registration statement filed under the Securities Act. After the expiration of the restricted period, each such stockholder may also transfer combined company common stock pursuant to Rule 144 or other applicable exemptions from registration, subject to any holdback obligations that such stockholder may have under the amended and restated registration rights agreement described below. The "restricted period" begins at the effective time of the merger and continues until the earlier of (1) such time as 50% or more of the issued and outstanding shares of the combined company's common stock have been publicly distributed or sold, and (2) 18 months after the effective time of the merger.
The stockholders of Riverwood before the completion of the merger other than the CDR fund and Exor, who are each party to the other Riverwood stockholders side letter, have separately agreed pursuant to that side letter to abide by the transfer restrictions applicable to the stockholder parties to the stockholders agreement, except that such stockholders will be permitted to transfer shares of combined company common stock under Rule 144 and other exemptions after the later of (1) 90 days following the closing of the combined company's first secondary offering for which a request is made under the amended and restated registration rights agreement (or immediately following the earlier termination or withdrawal of such offering) and, in any event, no later than March 31, 2004 and (2) December 31, 2003.
The share certificates owned by each of the stockholder parties to the stockholders agreement and the other Riverwood stockholders side letter will bear customary legends with respect to transfer restrictions.
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Fee Payable to CD&R
Under the terms of the stockholders agreement, immediately after the effective time of the merger, the combined company will pay a transaction fee of $10 million to CD&R as consideration for its services in connection with the merger. This fee is contingent on the completion of the merger.
Termination
The stockholders agreement will remain in effect until terminated by unanimous agreement of the combined company and the stockholder parties or until such time as no more than one of the CDR fund, Exor, the CDR fund and the other Riverwood stockholders in the aggregate, or the Coors family stockholders holds 5% or more of the outstanding common stock of the combined company on a fully diluted basis. In addition, the stockholders agreement will terminate as to any stockholder party at such time as such stockholder no longer owns any shares of the combined company's common stock. The confidentiality provisions of the agreement will survive termination.
The other Riverwood stockholders side letter will terminate upon the unanimous consent of Riverwood and the other Riverwood stockholders. In addition, the other Riverwood stockholders side letter will terminate with respect to specified other Riverwood stockholders at the times provided in the letter. The confidentiality obligations of the other Riverwood stockholders side letter will survive termination.
AMENDED AND RESTATED REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
The following is a summary of the material terms of the amended and restated registration rights agreement among Riverwood and the stockholder parties identified below, and is qualified by reference to the complete text of the agreement, a copy of which has been filed with the SEC as an exhibit to Riverwood's registration statement, of which this proxy statement/prospectus is a part. For information on how to obtain a copy of the registration rights agreement or other exhibits, see "Where You Can Find More Information" on page 197.
Riverwood, the parties to the stockholders agreement and the other stockholders of Riverwood immediately before the completion of the merger have entered into an amended and restated registration rights agreement, dated as of March 25, 2003, under which the parties have agreed to amend and restate Riverwood's previous registration rights agreement in connection with the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement. The parties to the amended and restated registration rights agreement are the Coors family stockholders, the CDR fund, Exor and the other Riverwood stockholders. The amended and restated registration rights agreement becomes effective immediately upon the completion of the merger.
The amended and restated registration rights agreement provides that, after the expiration of 90 days from the effective time of the merger, holders of 15% or more of the outstanding shares of the combined company's common stock may request that the combined company effect the registration under the Securities Act all or part of such holder's registrable securities (as defined below). Upon receipt of such a request, the combined company is required to promptly give written notice of such requested registration to all holders of registrable securities and, thereafter, to use its reasonable best efforts to effect the registration under the Securities Act of all registrable securities which it has been requested to register pursuant to the terms of the amended and restated registration rights agreement. After the expiration of 180 days after the closing of an initial secondary offering, holders of 5% or more of the outstanding shares of the combined company's common stock may again request that the combined company effect the registration under the Securities Act of all or part of such holder's registrable securities. In all cases, the combined company's obligations to register the registrable securities are subject to the minimum and maximum offering size limitations set forth below.
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With respect to the first two requests to effect registration of registrable securities, the combined company will not be required to effect such registration if such requests relate to less than 15% of the outstanding shares of common stock or, without the approval of the board of directors, more than 25% of the outstanding shares. Any request for registration of registrable securities after the first two requests will be subject to a minimum offering size of 5% of the outstanding shares of combined company common stock.
"Registrable securities" means:
If the stockholder parties request registration of any of their shares, the combined company is required to prepare and file a registration statement with the SEC as soon as possible, and no later than 60 days after receipt of the request.
The combined company will pay all expenses in connection with the first four successfully effected registrations requested.
The stockholder parties have the right to request that any offering requested by them under the amended and restated registration rights agreement be an underwritten offering. The combined company will have the right to select one or more underwriters to administer the requested offering, but the selection of underwriters will be subject to approval by the holders of a majority of the shares to be included in the offering.
The amended and restated registration rights agreement also provides that, with certain exceptions, the parties thereto will have certain incidental registration rights in the event that the company at any time proposes to register any of its equity securities and the registration form to be used may be used for the registration of securities otherwise registrable under the registration rights agreement.
In addition to the provisions set forth above, the amended and restated registration rights agreement contains other terms and conditions including those customary to agreements of this kind.
Termination
The amended and restated registration rights agreement will terminate on the earliest of its termination by unanimous consent of the parties, the date on which no shares subject to the agreement are outstanding, or the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the combined company.
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BUSINESS
Overview
Riverwood is an integrated provider of paperboard packaging solutions to multinational beverage and consumer products companies. It focuses on large segments of the paperboard packaging market where it provides companies with paperboard packaging solutions designed to deliver marketing and performance benefits at a competitive cost.
Riverwood is the larger of two worldwide producers of CUK board, the grade of paperboard that it uses for its packaging products. CUK board is a specialized high-quality grade of paperboard with excellent strength characteristics and printability for high-resolution graphics that make it particularly well suited for a variety of packaging applications. The coated board business segment includes the production and sale of CUK board for its beverage multiple packaging and consumer products packaging businesses. Riverwood refers to the CUK board it produces for use in beverage multiple packaging as carrierboard and in consumer products packaging as cartonboard.
Customers in Riverwood's beverage packaging business include Anheuser-Busch Companies, Inc., Miller Brewing Company, numerous Coca-Cola and Pepsi bottling companies, Interbrew, Asahi Breweries, Unilever and Master Foods. In its consumer products packaging business, Riverwood provides cartonboard, through independent converters, to consumer products companies such as Kraft Foods, Nestlé, Unilever and Mattel. In 2002, Riverwood had net sales of $1.2 billion.
Riverwood reports its results in two business segments: coated board and containerboard. Its coated board business segment includes the production and sale of carrierboard and cartonboard. Its containerboard business segment includes the production and sale of containerboardlinerboard, corrugating medium and kraft paperfor sale in the open market. Riverwood operates in four geographic areas: the United States, Central and South America, Europe and Asia-Pacific. For business segment and geographic area information for each of the last three fiscal years, see note 24 to Riverwood's consolidated financial statements included in this proxy statement/prospectus.
Riverwood was incorporated on December 7, 1995 under the laws of the State of Delaware.
Coated Board
In the coated board segment, Riverwood produces CUK board at its mills, prints and cuts, or converts, the CUK board into cartons at its and third parties' converting plants, and manufactures packaging machines designed to package bottles and cans and non-beverage consumer products. It installs its packaging machines at customer plants under long-term leases and provides support, service and performance monitoring of the machines.
Beverage Multiple Packaging. In the beverage multiple packaging business, it provides a range of packaging solutions to multinational beverage companies, offering them carrierboard, beverage cartons and packaging machines either as an integrated solution or separately. Riverwood supplies beverage cartons in a variety of designs and formats, including 6, 12 and 24 multi-packs. It designs its products to meet its customers' needs for beverage multi-packs. Riverwood's proprietary beverage packaging machines package cans, bottles and other beverage containers into its beverage cartons at high speeds. It enters into annual or multi-year carton supply contracts with its customers. The carton supply contracts generally provide that the customer is obligated to purchase a fixed portion of its carton requirements from Riverwood.
In 2002, Riverwood's integrated beverage packaging business accounted for approximately 90% of its 2002 carrierboard shipments. It sold the remaining 10% of its carrierboard shipments in the open market to independent converters. Particularly in Riverwood's international operations, its carrierboard may be sold to and converted by joint ventures and licensees of its beverage cartons who, in turn, sell converted beverage cartons to end-users for use on Riverwood's proprietary packaging machines. The
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beverage multiple packaging business also includes sales of carrierboard, which Riverwood has produced and converted, to customers for use on third-party packaging machines.
Riverwood is focused on growing its presence in beverage categories beyond its traditional beer and carbonated soft drink markets. To this end, it has designed a CUK board product for juice pouches using its new Z-Flute® proprietary technology. A number of beverage companies are currently testing this product. Riverwood has begun to make shipments of this product to customers. In addition, it has designed a new carton, based on its Fridge Vendor® design, to target the market for take-home water bottle multiple packaging. This product is now available throughout one of Riverwood's major customer's marketing areas.
In 2002, carrierboard accounted for approximately 65% of Riverwood's total CUK board shipments. In 2002, Riverwood shipped approximately 671,000 tons of carrierboard and had net sales in its beverage multiple packaging business of $818.8 million. It sells carrierboard under the brand name Aqua-Kote®.
Consumer Products Packaging. In Riverwood's consumer products packaging business, historically it has principally sold cartonboard to independent converters who convert the cartonboard and sell cartons to consumer products companies, such as Kraft Foods, Nestlé, Unilever and Mattel, for consumer products packaging for confectionary, frozen and dry foods, toys and other consumer products. Riverwood serves these customers through relationships with converters and works with both the end-user and the converter to design packaging solutions.
Historically, the consumer products packaging business has been of secondary importance to Riverwood, serving primarily as an outlet for excess CUK board production. It has historically manufactured and leased packaging machines to consumer products companies both in the United States and internationally and has converted a portion of its cartonboard into cartons at its international converting plants. In January 2000, Riverwood adopted a new strategy for its consumer products packaging business and, as a first step, organized this operating unit to target non-beverage consumer products packaging markets where it has not historically competed and to improve its product mix and margins. Riverwood's strategy is to capitalize on the capabilities and business model that it has developed in its beverage multiple packaging business by developing integrated packaging solutions, including new carton designs and packaging machines, for targeted consumer products applications and building relationships directly with consumer products companies. At the same time, it intends to maintain its relationships with independent converters of its cartonboard.
Riverwood believes that the performance characteristics of its CUK board, specifically its tear strength, wet strength and stiffness, make it appropriate for applications in segments of the consumer products packaging market. As such, Riverwood believes that the growth opportunity for it in these segments will largely depend on its ability to introduce CUK board to packaging applications currently served by other substrates. It has had success penetrating several non-beverage paperboard applications in which it believes CUK board has a competitive advantage. Riverwood has developed its new Z-Flute® carton technology to penetrate selected non-beverage segments of the market for mini- and micro-flute corrugated products. It has designed Z-Flute® to capitalize on the strength and marketing capabilities of CUK board needed in these markets while providing the structural reinforcement and additional anti-crush strength required for the shipping, stacking and storage needs of retailers and consumers alike. Specific non-beverage applications for micro-flute products include cartons for frozen food and dry foods and candy.
In 2002, cartonboard accounted for approximately 35% of Riverwood's total CUK Board shipments. In 2002, Riverwood shipped approximately 363,000 tons of cartonboard and had net sales in its consumer products packaging business of $234.4 million. It sells cartonboard under the brand names Pearl-Kote®, Omni-Kote® and Multiboard®.
CUK Board Production. Riverwood produces CUK board at its West Monroe, Louisiana paper mill, or the West Monroe mill, and its Macon, Georgia paper mill, or the Macon mill. Riverwood has
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three paperboard machines at the West Monroe mill and two paperboard machines at the Macon mill. These mills have a current total combined annual production capacity of approximately 1.2 million gross tons of CUK Board.
The total CUK Board production at the West Monroe mill was approximately 688,000 gross tons during the year ended December 31, 2002. Total CUK board production at the Macon mill was approximately 480,000 gross tons of CUK board during the year ended December 31, 2002.
CUK board is manufactured from pine and hardwood fibers and, in some cases, recycled fibers, such as old corrugated containers, or OCC, and clippings from Riverwood's converting operations. Virgin fiber is obtained in the form of wood chips or pulp wood acquired through open market purchases or Riverwood's long-term purchase contract with Plum Creek. These chips are chemically treated to form softwood and hardwood pulp, which are then blended (together, in some cases, with recycled fibers). In the case of carrierboard, a chemical is added to increase moisture resistance. The pulp is then processed through the mill's paper machines, which consist of a paper-forming section, a press section (where water is removed by pressing the wet paperboard between rolls), a drying section and the coating section. Coating on CUK board, principally a mixture of pigments, binding agents and water, provides a white, smooth finish, and is applied in multiple steps to achieve desired levels of brightness, smoothness and shade. After the CUK board is coated, it is wound into rolls, which are then shipped to Riverwood's converting plants or to outside converters.
White Lined Chip Production. Riverwood produces white lined chip boards, or WLC, at its Swedish mill, and shipped approximately 157,000 tons of such board during 2002. WLC is used for a variety of folding carton applications principally throughout Europe.
Converting Operations. Riverwood converts CUK board as well as other grades of paperboard into cartons at 11 carton converting plants at 10 sites that it operates in the United States, the United Kingdom, Spain, France and Brazil, as well as through converting plants associated with its joint ventures in Japan and Denmark and licensees in other markets outside the United States. The converting plants print, cut and glue paperboard into cartons designed to meet customer specifications. These plants primarily utilize roll-fed printing presses with in-line cutters to print and cut CUK board. Printed and cut cartons are in turn glued and shipped to customers.
The U.S. converting plants are dedicated to converting carrierboard produced by Riverwood into beverage cartons. These presses have substantially higher cutting and printing speeds, resulting in fewer labor hours per ton of CUK board carton produced. Riverwood realized significant productivity gains when it completed its new converting plant in Perry, Georgia in 1996, which resulted in improved logistics by reducing transportation distances between its Macon mill and its converting plants. It intends to continue to invest in its domestic converting plants to improve their process capabilities.
The international converting plants convert carrierboard and cartonboard produced by Riverwood, as well as paperboard supplied by outside producers, into cartons. The converting plants outside of the United States are designed to meet the smaller volume orders of these markets.
Proprietary Packaging Machinery and Carton Designs. Riverwood designs cartons and designs, tests and manufactures prototype packaging machinery for beverage multiple packaging and consumer products packaging applications at its Product Development Center, or the PDC, in Marietta, Georgia. At the PDC, Riverwood integrates carton and packaging machinery designs to create packaging solutions to meet customer needs. It manufactures and also designs packaging machinery for beverage multiple packaging and consumer products packaging applications at its principal U.S. manufacturing facility in Crosby, Minnesota and at a facility near Barcelona, Spain. By manufacturing packaging machinery in one U.S. and one European location, Riverwood expects to improve customer service, simplify its work processes and reduce costs. It leases substantially all of its packaging machines to customers, typically under machinery use agreements with original terms of three to six years. Packaging machinery placements during 2002 increased approximately 27% when compared to 2001 as a result of a 16% increase in packaging machinery orders in 2001 when compared to 2000. Riverwood
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expects packaging machinery placements for 2003 to be comparable to 2002. Riverwood has been and will continue to be selective in future packaging machinery placements to ensure appropriate returns.
Riverwood employs a "pull through" marketing strategy in its beverage multiple packaging business, the key elements of which are (i) the design and manufacture of proprietary packaging machines capable of packaging plastic and glass bottles, cans and other primary containers, (ii) the installation of the machines at customer locations under multi-year machinery use arrangements and (iii) the development of proprietary beverage cartons with high-resolution graphics for use on those machines.
Riverwood's packaging machines are designed to package Polyethylene Terephthalate, or PET, bottles and glass bottles, cans and other primary beverage containers, as well as non-beverage consumer products, using cartons designed by Riverwood, made from its CUK board and converted into cartons by Riverwood, its joint venture partners or its licensees. In order to meet customer requirements, it has developed an extensive portfolio of packaging machines consisting of three principal machinery lines, including eight different models of packaging machines. The machines package cans and PET or glass bottles in a number of formats including baskets, clips, trays, wraps and fully enclosed cartons. These machines have packaging ranges from 2 to 36 cans per package and have the ability to package cans at speeds of up to 3,000 cans per minute. Riverwood's consumer product packaging machines are designed to package cans or bottles in wraps or fully enclosed cartons. Riverwood also manufactures ancillary equipment, such as machines for taping cartons and placing coupons in cartons.
Marketing and Distribution. Riverwood markets its CUK board and CUK board-based products principally to multinational brewers, soft drink bottlers, food companies and other consumer products companies that use printed packaging for retail display, multiple packaging and shipment of their products. It also sells CUK board in the open market to carrierboard and cartonboard converters. It markets CUK board under the names Aqua-Kote®, Pearl-Kote® and Omni-Kote®. Riverwood reviews a customer's credit history before extending credit to the customer of which the payment terms are generally 30 days domestically, but vary internationally according to local business practices.
In its beverage multiple packaging business, Riverwood's major customers for beverage cartons include Anheuser-Busch Companies, Inc., Miller Brewing Company, numerous Coca-Cola and Pepsi bottling companies, Interbrew and Asahi Breweries. It also sells beverage carrierboard in the open market to independent converters, including licensees of Riverwood's proprietary carton designs, for the manufacture of beverage cartons. During 2002, Riverwood had two customers, Anheuser-Busch Companies, Inc. and Miller Brewing Company, who represented approximately 16% and 12% respectively, of its net sales.
In its consumer products packaging business, Riverwood has historically sold substantially all of its cartonboard to numerous independent converters that convert the cartonboard into cartons for consumer products. It has entered into agreements with a number of major independent converters. Under the terms of these agreements, the converters agree to purchase a significant portion of their CUK board requirements from Riverwood and to assist it in customer development efforts designed to grow the market for CUK board. The terms of these arrangements include certain limitations on Riverwood's ability to raise the selling prices of its cartonboard.
Distribution of carrierboard and cartonboard is primarily accomplished through direct sales offices in the United States, Australia, Brazil, Denmark, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.
Joint Ventures. Riverwood is a party to joint ventures with Rengo Company Limited and Danapak Holding A/S, of which it owns 50% and 60%, respectively, to market machinery-based packaging systems in Japan and Scandinavia, respectively. The joint ventures cover CUK board supply, use of proprietary carton designs and marketing and distribution of packaging systems.
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Competition. There are only two major producers in the United States of CUK board, Riverwood and MeadWestvaco. Riverwood faces significant competition in its CUK board business segment from MeadWestvaco. Like Riverwood, MeadWestvaco produces and converts CUK board, designs and places packaging machinery with customers and sells CUK board in the open market. Riverwood also faces competition from other manufacturers of packaging machines, such as R.A. Jones Co. Inc., or R.A. Jones.
In the beverage packaging industry, beverage cartons made from CUK board compete with plastics and corrugated packaging for packaging glass or plastic bottles, cans and other primary containers. Although plastics and corrugated packaging are priced lower than CUK board, Riverwood believes that cartons made from CUK board offer advantages over these materials, in areas such as distribution, high quality graphics, carton designs, package performance, environmental friendliness and design flexibility.
In the consumer product packaging markets, Riverwood's CUK board competes principally with MeadWestvaco's CUK board, recycled clay-coated news, or CCN, and solid bleached sulphate board, or SBS, and, internationally, WLC and folding boxboard, or FBB. Cartonboard grades compete based on price, strength and printability. CUK board has generally been priced in a range that is higher than CCN and lower than SBS. CUK board has slightly better tear strength characteristics than SBS and significantly better printability, tear strength and cross-direction stiffness than CCN. There are a large number of producers of paperboard for the cartonboard markets, who are subject to significant competition and other business pressures.
Containerboard
In the United States, Riverwood manufactures containerboardlinerboard, corrugating medium and kraft paperfor sale in the open market. Corrugating medium is combined with linerboard to make corrugated containers. Kraft paper is used primarily to make grocery bags and sacks. Riverwood's principal paper machines have the capacity to produce both linerboard and CUK board. Riverwood has in the past used its CUK board machines to produce linerboard. It has shifted significant mill capacity away from linerboard production on its CUK board machines to more profitable packaging applications and intends to stop producing linerboard. It continues to operate paper machines dedicated to the production of corrugating medium and kraft paper on its two dedicated containerboard machines at the West Monroe mill.
In 2002, Riverwood had net sales in its containerboard business of $81.6 million, representing approximately 6% of its net sales. In 2002, it shipped approximately 8,000 tons of linerboard from the Macon mill and approximately 122,000 tons of corrugating medium, 37,000 tons of kraft bag paper and 46,000 tons of linerboard from its West Monroe mill. In 2002, it also shipped approximately 22,000 tons of various other paperboard products.
The primary customers for Riverwood's U.S. containerboard production are independent and integrated corrugated converters. Riverwood sells corrugating medium and linerboard through direct sales offices and agents in the United States. Outside of the United States, linerboard is primarily distributed through independent sales representatives.
Riverwood's containerboard business segment operates within a highly fragmented industry. Most products within this industry are viewed as commodities; consequently, selling prices tend to be cyclical, being affected by economic activity and industry capacity.
In addition to its U.S. containerboard operations, Riverwood owned 50% of Igaras Papeis e Embalagens S.A., or Igaras, an integrated containerboard producer located in Brazil. On July 1, 2000, Igaras spun off the multiple packaging portion of its business into a newly formed company, of which Riverwood owned 50%. The Igaras multiple packaging operations convert predominantly carrierboard and cartonboard into cartons designed to meet customer specifications. In the Igaras beverage multiple packaging business, packaging machines capable of packaging plastic and glass bottles, cans and other primary containers are installed at beverage customer locations. Additionally, proprietary beverage
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cartons with high-resolution graphics are developed for use on those machines. On October 3, 2000, Riverwood, along with its joint venture partner, Cia Suzano de Papel e Celulose, completed the sale of the jointly-held subsidiary Igaras for approximately $510 million, including the assumption of $112 million of debt. Riverwood recognized a gain of $70.9 million in connection with the sale, and applied the sale proceeds to pay down debt. On October 12, 2000, it purchased the remaining 50% of the newly formed company for $12.5 million.
Energy and Raw Materials
Pine pulpwood, hardwood and recycled fibers, including OCC, used in the manufacture of paperboard, and various chemicals used in the coating of CUK board, represent the largest components of Riverwood's variable costs of CUK board and containerboard production. The cost of these materials is subject to market fluctuations caused by factors beyond its control. OCC pricing tends to be very volatile. With the October 1996 sale of its timberlands in Louisiana and Arkansas, Riverwood now relies on private landowners and the open market for all of its pine pulpwood, hardwood and recycled fiber requirements, except for CUK board clippings from its converting operations. Under the terms of the sale of those timberlands, Riverwood and the buyer, Plum Creek, entered into a 20-year supply agreement, with a 10-year renewal option, for the purchase by Riverwood, at market-based prices, of a majority of the West Monroe mill's requirements for pine pulpwood and residual chips, as well as a portion of Riverwood's needs for hardwood at the West Monroe mill. An assignee of Plum Creek supplies residual chips to Riverwood pursuant to such supply agreement. Riverwood purchases the remainder of the wood fiber used in CUK board production at the West Monroe mill from other private landowners in this region. Riverwood believes that adequate supplies of open market timber currently are available to meet its fiber needs at the West Monroe mill.
The Macon mill purchases most of its fiber requirements on the open market, and is a significant consumer of recycled fiber, primarily in the form of clippings from Riverwood's domestic converting plants as well as OCC and other recycled fibers. Riverwood has not experienced any significant difficulties obtaining sufficient OCC or other recycled fibers for its Macon mill operations, which it purchases in part from brokers located in the eastern United States. OCC pricing, however, tends to be very volatile since it is based largely on the demand for this fiber from recycled paper and containerboard mills. The Macon mill purchases substantially all of its pine pulpwood and hardwood requirements from private landowners in central and southern Georgia. Because of the adequate supply and large concentration of private landowners in this area, Riverwood believes that adequate supplies of pine pulpwood and hardwood timber currently are available to meet its fiber needs at the Macon mill.
Energy, including natural gas, fuel, oil and electricity, represents a significant portion of Riverwood's manufacturing costs. Until the latter part of 2000, Riverwood's results had not been significantly affected by the volatility of energy costs. It entered into fixed price natural gas contracts designed to mitigate the impact of future cost increases for its natural gas requirements at its two U.S. mills through and including October 2003, and will continue to evaluate its energy pricing arrangements. It believes that higher energy costs will continue to negatively impact its results for 2003. Since negotiated contracts and the market largely determine the pricing for its products, Riverwood is limited in its ability to pass through to its customers any energy or other cost increases that it may incur in the future.
Riverwood purchases a variety of other raw materials for the manufacture of its paperboard, primarily process chemicals and coating chemicals such as kaolin and titanium dioxide. All such raw materials are readily available, and Riverwood is not dependent upon any one source of such raw materials.
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Seasonality
Riverwood's business is subject to moderate seasonality with demand for its products usually increasing in the spring and summer due to the seasonality of the worldwide beverage multiple packaging markets.
Working Capital
Riverwood continues to focus on reducing working capital needs and increasing liquidity. Its working capital needs arise primarily from maintaining a sufficient amount of inventories to meet the delivery requirements of its customers and its policy to extend credit to customers. Riverwood reviews a customer's credit history before extending credit of which the payment terms are generally 30 days domestically, but vary internationally according to local business practices.
Research, Development and Engineering
Research, development and engineering expenses were approximately $5.2 million, $5.1 million and $4.6 million in the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively, and primarily related to packaging machines and new products.
Patents and Trademarks
As of December 31, 2002, Riverwood had a large patent portfolio, presently owning, controlling or holding rights to approximately 2,100 U.S. and foreign patents, with approximately 1,200 patent applications currently pending. Its patents fall into two principal categories: packaging machinery and structural carton designs.
Riverwood®, Aqua-Kote®, Pearl-Kote®, Omni-Kote®, Multiboard®, Fridge Vendor®, Z-Flute® and its logo are Riverwood's pending or registered trademarks. Riverwood does not hold any material licenses.
Employees and Labor Relations
As of December 31, 2002, Riverwood had approximately 4,150 employees worldwide (excluding employees of joint ventures), approximately 2,950 of whom were members of unions and covered by collective bargaining agreements.
There are four unions representing Riverwood's U.S. employees, one of which, the Paper, Allied-Industrial, Chemical & Energy Workers International UnionAFL-CIO, CLC, is associated with the West Monroe mill and converting facility where it represents approximately 1,300 employees, and the Macon mill where it represents approximately 300 of the 400 union employees.
At the Macon mill, the current union contract was negotiated and ratified by the union in the second quarter of 1998 and runs through December 31, 2003. Also at the Macon mill, the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, and the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers represent certain maintenance employees.
A new six year contract covering the West Monroe mill was negotiated and ratified by the union on March 20, 2003 and covers the six-year period from March 1, 2003 to February 28, 2009. The contract covering employees at the adjacent converting plants was negotiated and ratified by the union in 2000 and covers the five-year period from September 1, 2000 through August 31, 2005.
Riverwood's other U.S. converting plants, other than its converting facility in Perry, Georgia, are represented by unions. A new six year contract covering the Clinton, Mississippi converting plant contract was negotiated and ratified by the union on April 12, 2003 and covers the six-year period from February 1, 2003 through January 31, 2009. The Cincinnati, Ohio converting plant completed negotiations for a new five year labor agreement effective from February 1, 2001 through January 31, 2006. The Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin converting plant five year labor agreement was negotiated in 2002 with the Graphic Communication Workers International Union and the International Association of
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Machinists for the period of September 9, 2002 through September 9, 2007 and September 30, 2002 through September 30, 2007, respectively.
Riverwood's international employees are represented by unions in Brazil, France, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
PROPERTIES
Headquarters
Riverwood executive offices are located at 814 Livingston Court, Marietta, Georgia 30067 where it currently leases approximately 18,000 square feet of office space.
Manufacturing Facilities
A listing of the major plants and properties owned, or leased, and operated by Riverwood is set forth below. Riverwood buildings are adequate and suitable for its business. Riverwood also leases certain facilities, warehouses and office space throughout the United States and in foreign countries.
Type of Facility and Location(1) |
Floor Space in Square Feet |
Principal Products Manufactured or Use of Facility |
||
---|---|---|---|---|
Paperboard Mills: | ||||
West Monroe, LA | 1,535,000 | CUK board; linerboard; corrugating medium; kraft paper | ||
Macon, GA | 756,000 | CUK board; linerboard | ||
Norrköping, Sweden | 417,000 | WLC board | ||
Converting Plants: | ||||
West Monroe, LA (2 plants) | 621,000 | Beverage cartons | ||
Cincinnati, OH | 241,800 | Beverage cartons | ||
Clinton, MS | 210,000 | Beverage cartons | ||
Perry, GA(2) | 130,000 | Beverage cartons | ||
Ft. Atkinson, WI | 120,000 | Beverage cartons | ||
Bristol, Avon, United Kingdom | 428,000 | Beverage cartons; cartonboard | ||
Igualada, Barcelona, Spain | 131,000 | Beverage cartons; cartonboard | ||
Beauvois en Cambresis, France | 70,000 | Cartonboard | ||
Le Pont de Claix, France | 120,000 | Cartonboard | ||
Jundiai, São Paulo, Brazil | 95,216 | Beverage cartons; cartonboard | ||
Packaging Machinery/Other: | ||||
Crosby, MN | 188,000 | Packaging machinery engineering design and manufacturing | ||
Marietta, GA | 64,000 | PDCResearch and development; packaging machinery engineering design and carton engineering design | ||
Igualada, Barcelona, Spain | 22,400 | Packaging machinery engineering design and manufacturing | ||
Kennesaw, GA | 62,500 | Development and small scale manufacturing facility for Z-Flute® product |
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See "Management's Discussion and AnalysisEnvironmental and Legal Matters" on page 114.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Introduction
The following discussion and analysis of the results of operations and financial condition of Riverwood should be read in conjunction with Riverwood's consolidated financial statements and notes included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. The following discussion and analysis covers periods before completion of the merger and related transactions, and unless otherwise indicated, does not give effect to the merger or related transactions and does not include pro forma financial information or adjustments. Accordingly, the discussion and analysis of the covered periods does not reflect the significant impact that the merger and related transactions will have on Riverwood. See "Risk Factors", "The Proposed Merger", "Unaudited Condensed Pro Forma Combined Financial Statements" and the discussion below under "Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources".
General
Riverwood reports its results in two business segments: coated board (relating to its CUK board, used in its beverage multiple packaging and consumer products packaging businesses) and containerboard. The coated board business segment includes (1) the production and sale of CUK board for cartons from its West Monroe, Louisiana and Macon, Georgia mills and white lined chip board, or WLC from its paper mill in Norrköping, Sweden; (2) carton converting plants in the United States, Europe and Brazil; and (3) the design, manufacture and installation of packaging machinery related to the assembly of cartons for beverage and non-beverage consumer products applications. The containerboard business segment includes the production and sale of linerboard, corrugating medium and kraft paper from paperboard mills in the United States. Riverwood intends to stop producing linerboard as it continues to shift production capacity to higher margin CUK board.
The table below sets forth net sales, income from operations, and credit agreement EBITDA. Riverwood believes that credit agreement EBITDA provides useful information regarding its ability to service debt, but should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the consolidated statements of operations or cash flow data. The credit agreement's definition of EBITDA may not be comparable to other companies' definitions of EBITDA and is not a defined term under GAAP.
|
Year Ended December 31, 2002 |
Year Ended December 31, 2001 |
Year Ended December 31, 2000 |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(In thousands of dollars) |
||||||||||
Net Sales (Segment Data): | |||||||||||
Coated Board | $ | 1,165,702 | $ | 1,107,937 | $ | 1,065,813 | |||||
Containerboard | 81,612 | 93,676 | 126,549 | ||||||||
Net Sales | $ | 1,247,314 | $ | 1,201,613 | $ | 1,192,362 | |||||
Income from Operations (Segment Data) (B): | |||||||||||
Coated Board | $ | 186,108 | $ | 147,958 | $ | 156,634 | |||||
Containerboard | (23,989 | ) | (15,180 | ) | 2,986 | ||||||
Corporate and Eliminations | (21,507 | ) | (25,512 | ) | 53,934 | ||||||
Income from Operations (B) | $ | 140,612 | $ | 107,266 | $ | 213,554 | |||||
Credit Agreement EBITDA (Segment Data) (A): | |||||||||||
Coated Board | $ | 306,100 | $ | 276,181 | $ | 286,039 | |||||
Containerboard | (10,126 | ) | (986 | ) | 20,518 | ||||||
Corporate and Eliminations | (8,254 | ) | (11,190 | ) | (6,523 | ) | |||||
Credit Agreement EBITDA (A) | $ | 287,720 | $ | 264,005 | $ | 300,034 | |||||
Reconciliation of Income from Operations to Credit Agreement EBITDA | |||||||||||
Income from Operations | $ | 140,612 | $ | 107,266 | $ | 213,554 | |||||
Add: Depreciation and Amortization | 133,840 | 137,143 | 143,541 | ||||||||
Dividends from equity investments | 612 | 710 | 5,083 | ||||||||
Other non-cash charges (C) | 12,656 | 18,886 | (62,144 | ) | |||||||
Credit Agreement EBITDA (A) | $ | 287,720 | $ | 264,005 | $ | 300,034 | |||||
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Notes:
Business Trends and Initiatives
Riverwood's cash flow from operations and credit agreement EBITDA are influenced by sales volume and selling prices for its products and raw material and energy costs, and are affected by a number of significant business, economic and competitive factors. Many of these factors are not within its control. Historically, in the coated board business segment, Riverwood has experienced stable pricing for its integrated beverage carton products, and moderate cyclical pricing for its cartonboard, which historically has been principally sold in the open market. Riverwood's cartonboard sales are affected by competition from competitors' CUK board and other substratessolid bleached sulfate, or SBS, recycled clay coated news, or CCN, and, internationally, WLCas well as by general market conditions.
In the containerboard business segment, conditions in the cyclical worldwide commodity paperboard markets have a substantial impact on Riverwood's containerboard sales. During 2002, it elected to take 32 days, or approximately 18,000 tons, of linerboard, CUK board and medium market related downtime at its U.S. mills that resulted in approximately $3.7 million of under-absorbed fixed costs. It expects to take 14 days, or approximately 5,000 tons, of medium market related downtime during 2003 on its medium machine, but the amount of downtime could change depending upon market conditions. The downtime results from a number of factors, but principally a weak containerboard market and production above planned rates. As a result of expected downtime during 2003, Riverwood estimates the impact on earnings at its U.S mills to be approximately $1.0 million related to the under-absorption of fixed costs.
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Energy, including natural gas, fuel oil and electricity, represents a significant portion of Riverwood's manufacturing costs. During 2002, its financial results were not negatively affected by energy costs when compared to 2001. Until the latter part of 2000, its results had not been significantly affected by the volatility of energy costs. Riverwood entered into fixed price natural gas contracts designed to mitigate the impact of future cost increases for its natural gas requirements at its two U.S. mills through and including October 2003, and will continue to evaluate its hedge position.
In the fourth quarter of 2002, Riverwood was notified by CCE that CCE will not renew its supply contract with Riverwood. Under this contract, which expired on March 31, 2003, Riverwood supplied to CCE beverage cartons made from its CUK board, packaging machines and related services. Riverwood's supply contracts with its independent Coca-Cola bottling company customers are not subject to CCE's non-renewal notification. CCE's action did not impact Riverwood's 2002 results of operations. The impact on Riverwood's 2003 results of operations will depend, in part, on the extent to which it supplies beverage cartons to CCE during a phase-out period in 2003 after the current supply contract expires, which it continues to discuss with CCE. Riverwood continues to explore opportunities to replace the volumes that it will lose as a result of CCE's decision by seeking to increase sales to existing and new customers and to develop new applications for its CUK board. It continues to evaluate the impact of these developments and the recent increase in beverage market competitiveness on its future pricing for its beverage packaging products. Riverwood can provide no assurances that it will be able to replace all or any portion of the volumes it had expected to supply to CCE in 2003 and future periods or that it will be able to maintain current pricing levels on its beverage packaging products. If it cannot replace such volumes, it estimates that its volumes will be negatively impacted by approximately 17,000 tons in 2003 and 36,000 tons in 2004 and thereafter. In 2002, the CCE business represented approximately 5% of Riverwood's consolidated net sales and credit agreement EBITDA.
Riverwood is pursuing a number of long-term initiatives designed to improve productivity and profitability. It realigned its business into commercially-focused operating units, implemented a global restructuring program, implemented a number of cost saving measures and effected several management changes. It is continuing to implement a global Total Quality Systems, or TQS, initiative which uses statistical process control to help design and manage all types of activities including production and maintenance.
In addition, Riverwood is continuing to implement a strategy focused on the expansion into the high-growth segments of the consumer products packaging market. It is targeting segments of the non-beverage consumer products packaging market where it intends to capitalize on its expertise in beverage multiple packaging.
Riverwood expects capital expenditures will range from $110 million to $120 million in 2003 as it invests to improve its process capabilities, in packaging machinery, and to comply with environmental cluster rules. See "Environmental and Legal Matters on page 114." Riverwood is accelerating certain capital driven cost reduction projects that will deliver benefits in 2004 and 2005. Riverwood continues to evaluate its current operations and assets with a view to rationalizing its operations and improving profitability, in particular with respect to its international converting assets and strategy. Finally, it is continuing to focus on reducing working capital and increasing liquidity.
Packaging machinery placements during 2002 increased approximately 27% when compared to 2001 as a result of a 16% increase in packaging machinery orders in 2001 when compared to 2000. Riverwood expects packaging machinery placements for 2003 to be comparable to 2002. It has been and will continue to be selective in future packaging machinery placements to ensure appropriate returns.
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Outlook
Riverwood expects that its 2003 full year credit agreement EBITDA will be comparable to its 2002 credit agreement EBITDA, although no assurance can be given in this regard. The achievement of this expectation is dependent upon (among other things) a number of profit improvement initiatives, including increasing worldwide beverage and North American consumer products sales volumes above 2002 levels, improving U.S. mill throughput, continued cost savings from other actions taken to date and stable pricing for Riverwood's products. In 2003, Riverwood expects sales volume increases in its worldwide beverage markets, and continued growth in its North American consumer products markets. It expects containerboard sales and margins to be negatively affected in 2003 due to the negative market pressures on containerboard pricing and sales volumes. Riverwood believes that energy costs will continue to negatively impact its results for 2003.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires Riverwood to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates and assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Riverwood believes the following accounting policies are the most critical since these policies require significant judgment or involve complex estimations that are important to the portrayal of its financial conditions and operating results:
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Riverwood does not believe that such uncertainties will have a material adverse impact on the results of operations, cash flows or financial condition of Riverwood. However, future uncertainties may have a material adverse impact on the results of its operations, cash flows or financial condition.
Recent declines in the equity markets have caused the market value of the plan assets to decrease. As a result, a minimum pension liability adjustment of $71.3 million was recorded in 2002 as a reduction of shareholders' equity. See note 16 to Riverwood's consolidated financial statements included in this proxy statement/prospectus.
2002 Compared With 2001
Results of Operations
The following discussion of Riverwood's results of operations is based upon the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001. In the fourth quarter of 2002, it changed its method of valuing inventories from the LIFO method to the FIFO method and all prior years have been restated to give
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effect to that change. See note 27 to Riverwood's consolidated financial statements included in this proxy statement/prospectus.
|
Year Ended December 31, 2002 |
Increase (Decrease) From Prior Period |
Year Ended December 31, 2001 |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(In thousands of dollars) |
|||||||||
Net Sales (Segment Data): | ||||||||||
Coated Board | $ | 1,165,702 | 5.2 | % | $ | 1,107,937 | ||||
Containerboard | 81,612 | (12.9 | ) | 93,676 | ||||||
Net Sales | 1,247,314 | 3.8 | 1,201,613 | |||||||
Cost of Sales | 984,771 | 3.2 | 953,901 | |||||||
Gross Profit | 262,543 | 6.0 | 247,712 | |||||||
Selling, General and Administrative | 117,335 | 0.7 | 116,510 | |||||||
Research, Development and Engineering | 5,227 | 2.3 | 5,111 | |||||||
Other (Income) Expense, Net | (631 | ) | (100.0 | ) | 18,825 | |||||
Income from Operations | $ | 140,612 | 31.1 | % | $ | 107,266 | ||||
Income from Operations | ||||||||||
(Segment Data): | ||||||||||
Coated board | $ | 186,108 | 25.8 | % | $ | 147,958 | ||||
Containerboard | (23,989 | ) | (58.0 | ) | (15,180 | ) | ||||
Corporate and Eliminations | (21,507 | ) | 15.7 | (25,512 | ) | |||||
Income from Operations | $ | 140,612 | 31.1 | % | $ | 107,266 | ||||
Other Financial Data: | ||||||||||
Net Sales: | ||||||||||
Carrierboard | $ | 818,797 | 5.0 | % | $ | 779,509 | ||||
Cartonboard | 234,357 | 6.7 | 219,542 | |||||||
White lined chip board | 80,579 | 9.9 | 73,336 | |||||||
Containerboard | 81,612 | (12.9 | ) | 93,676 | ||||||
Other(A) | 31,969 | (10.1 | ) | 35,550 |
Note:
Paperboard Shipments. The following represents shipments of coated board and containerboard to outside customers. Shipments of coated board represent sales to customers of beverage carrierboard and folding cartonboard. Shipments of white lined chip board represent sales to customers of WLC produced at the Swedish mill. Shipments of containerboard represent sales to customers of linerboard,
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corrugating medium, kraft paper and various other items. Other primarily represents shipments of certain by-products. Total shipments for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 were as follows:
(In thousands of tons) |
2002 |
Increase (Decrease) From Prior Period |
2001 |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coated board | |||||||
Carrierboard | 671.5 | 5.6 | % | 636.1 | |||
Cartonboard | 363.0 | 4.3 | 348.0 | ||||
White lined chip board | 156.9 | 4.3 | 150.4 | ||||
Containerboard | 235.3 | (7.8 | ) | 255.3 | |||
Other | 22.4 | (4.7 | ) | 23.5 | |||
1,449.1 | 2.5 | % | 1,413.3 | ||||
Net Sales. As a result of the factors described below, Riverwood's Net Sales in 2002 increased by $45.7 million, or 3.8%, compared with 2001. Net Sales in the coated board business segment increased by $57.8 million in 2002, or 5.2%, to $1,165.7 million from $1,107.9 million in 2001, due primarily to higher sales volume in North American beverage carton markets (resulting, in large part, from increased volumes under a multi-year agreement with a beer producer customer) and, to a lesser extent, higher sales volumes in worldwide consumer products markets and international beverage markets. Net Sales in the containerboard business segment decreased $12.1 million, or 12.9%, to $81.6 million in 2002 from $93.7 million in 2001, due principally to lower linerboard volumes resulting from the continued shift from linerboard production to value-added coated board production and lower containerboard pricing.
Gross Profit. As a result of the factors discussed below, Riverwood's Gross Profit for 2002 increased by $14.8 million, or 6.0%, to $262.5 million from $247.7 million in 2001. Its gross profit margin increased to 21.0% in 2002 from 20.6% in 2001. Gross Profit in the coated board business segment increased by $24.0 million, or 9.3%, to $282.1 million in 2002 from $258.2 million in 2001, while its gross profit margin increased to 24.2% in 2002 from 23.3% in 2001. The increase in coated board Gross Profit was due primarily to worldwide cost reductions as a result of savings gained from Riverwood's TQS initiative, higher Net Sales and lower depreciation expense. Gross Profit in the containerboard business segment decreased by $8.0 million to a loss of $19.5 million in 2002 from a loss of $11.5 million in 2001, while its gross profit margin decreased to (23.9)% in 2002 from (12.3)% in 2001. The decrease in containerboard Gross Profit resulted principally from lower containerboard pricing.
Selling, General and Administrative. Selling, General and Administrative expenses increased by $0.8 million, or 0.7%, to $117.3 million in 2002 from $116.5 million in 2001, due primarily to higher incentive expenses and pension costs somewhat offset by lower warehousing and rent expenses. As a percentage of Net Sales, Selling, General and Administrative expenses decreased from 9.6% in 2001 to 9.4% in 2002.
Research, Development and Engineering. Research, Development and Engineering expenses increased by $0.1 million, or 2.3%, to $5.2 million in 2002 from $5.1 million in 2001.
Other (Income) Expense, Net. Other (Income) Expense, Net, was $(0.6) million in 2002 as compared to $18.8 million in 2001. This change was primarily due to the cessation of goodwill amortization and a non-cash pension adjustment recorded in 2002 as well as certain charges recorded in 2001 relating to non-cash asset retirements and a litigation settlement.
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Income from Operations. Primarily as a result of the factors discussed above, Riverwood's Income from Operations in 2002 increased by $33.3 million, or 31.1%, to $140.6 million from $107.3 million in 2001. Its operating margin increased to 11.3% in 2002 from 8.9% in 2001. Income from Operations in the coated board business segment increased by $38.2 million, or 25.8%, to $186.1 million in 2002 from $148.0 million in 2001, while the operating margin increased to 16.0% in 2002 from 13.4% in 2001, primarily as a result of the factors described above. Income from Operations in the containerboard business segment decreased $8.8 million to a loss of $24.0 million in 2002 from a loss of $15.2 million in 2001, while the operating margin decreased to (29.4)% in 2002 from (16.2)% in 2001, primarily as a result of the factors described above.
Fluctuations in U.S. Currency Exchange Rates. The weakening of the U.S. dollar currency exchange rates as compared to the euro and other European currencies had a modest impact on Net Sales, Gross Profit, Income from Operations, and operating expenses during 2002. However, the impact was somewhat offset by the strengthening of the U.S. dollar against the Japanese yen.
Interest Income, Interest Expense, Income Tax (Benefit) Expense, Extraordinary Loss on Early Extinguishment of Debt, and Cumulative Effect of a Change in Accounting Principle
Interest Income. Interest Income increased by $0.4 million to $1.3 million in 2002 from $0.9 million in 2001 due primarily to interest earned on the temporary investment of the proceeds associated with the 2002 term loan facility pursuant to a 30-day call notice period required under the indenture governing the 1996 senior notes.
Interest Expense. Interest Expense decreased by $11.5 million to $147.4 million in 2002 from $158.9 million in 2001 due primarily to lower average interest rates as a result of market interest rates as well as the second quarter 2002 refinancing, somewhat offset by the additional interest expense incurred on the 1996 senior notes during the 30-day call notice period required under such indenture.
Income Tax (Benefit) Expense. During 2002, Riverwood recognized an income tax benefit of $(4.7) million on a (Loss) before Income Taxes and Equity in Net Earnings of Affiliates of $(5.4) million. During 2001, Riverwood recognized an income tax expense of $6.6 million on a (Loss) before Income Taxes and Equity in Net Earnings of Affiliates of $(50.7) million. The income tax benefit in 2002 was primarily due to reductions of valuation allowances related to Riverwood's U.K. and German operations, somewhat offset by the income tax expense on the international operating income (see note 19 in the notes to Riverwood's consolidated financial statements included in this proxy statement/prospectus). The income tax expense in 2001 was due primarily to international operating income. These income tax expenses differed from the statutory federal income tax rate primarily because of valuation allowances established on net operating loss carryforward tax assets in the U.S. and certain international locations where the realization of such benefits is not more likely than not.
Extraordinary Loss on Early Extinguishment of Debt. On April 23, 2002, Riverwood borrowed $250 million pursuant to an amendment to its senior secured credit agreement. The proceeds were applied to redeem in full the 1996 senior notes. In addition, it borrowed $12 million under its revolving facility to pay fees, costs and expenses related to the refinancing transaction. In the second quarter of 2002, Riverwood recorded a non-cash extraordinary charge to earnings of approximately $3.0 million, net of tax of nil, related to the write-off of remaining debt issuance costs on the 1996 senior notes and an extraordinary charge of approximately $8.5 million, net of tax of nil, related to the call premium paid upon redemption of the 1996 senior notes.
On August 10, 2001, Riverwood entered into the senior secured credit agreement. The proceeds of the initial borrowings under the facilities of approximately $386 million, including $51 million in revolving credit borrowings, were applied to repay in full the outstanding borrowings under the prior
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term loan facility and the prior revolving facility and to pay approximately $12 million of the $14 million of fees and expenses incurred in connection with the amendment and restatement of the prior credit agreement. During the third quarter of 2001, Riverwood recorded a non-cash, extraordinary charge to earnings of approximately $6.0 million, net of tax of nil, related to the write-off of the applicable remaining deferred debt issuance costs on the prior term loan facility and the prior revolving facility.
On June 21, 2001, Riverwood completed an offering of $250 million principal amount of the 2001 notes, bearing interest at 105/8% annually. The net proceeds of this offering were applied to prepay a portion of the term loan facility resulting in a non-cash, extraordinary charge to earnings of approximately $2.8 million, net of tax of nil, related to the write-off of the applicable portion of deferred debt issuance costs on the term loans.
Cumulative Effect of a Change in Accounting Principle. On January 1, 2001, Riverwood adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, as amended by SFAS No. 137, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging ActivitiesDeferral of the Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 133, and SFAS No. 138, Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities, or SFAS No. 133, which requires all derivative instruments to be measured at fair value and recognized on the balance sheet as either assets or liabilities. In addition, all derivative instruments used in hedging relationships must be designated, reassessed and documented pursuant to the provisions of SFAS No. 133. Upon adoption of SFAS No. 133, Riverwood recognized a one-time after-tax transition adjustment to decrease earnings by approximately $0.5 million.
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Results of Operations
The following discussion of Riverwood's results of operations is based upon the years ended December 31, 2001 and 2000. In the fourth quarter of 2002, Riverwood changed its method of valuing inventories from the LIFO method to the FIFO method and all prior years have been restated to give effect to that change. See note 27 to Riverwood's consolidated financial statements included in this proxy statement/prospectus.
|
Year Ended December 31, 2001 |
Increase (Decrease) From Prior Period |
Year Ended December 31, 2000 |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(In thousands of dollars) |
|||||||||
Net Sales (Segment Data): | ||||||||||
Coated Board | $ | 1,107,937 | 4.0 | % | $ | 1,065,813 | ||||
Containerboard | 93,676 | (26.0 | ) | 126,549 | ||||||
Net Sales | 1,201,613 | 0.8 | 1,192,362 | |||||||
Cost of Sales | 953,901 | 2.5 | 930,786 | |||||||
Gross Profit | 247,712 | (5.3 | ) | 261,576 | ||||||
Selling, General and Administrative | 116,510 | 3.8 | 112,200 | |||||||
Research, Development and Engineering | 5,111 | 12.2 | 4,554 | |||||||
Restructuring Credit | | NM | (2,600 | ) | ||||||
Gain on Sale of Investment | | NM | (70,863 | ) | ||||||
Other Expense, Net | 18,825 | 3.0 | 4,731 | |||||||
Income from Operations | $ | 107,266 | (49.8 | )% | $ | 213,554 | ||||
Income from Operations | ||||||||||
(Segment Data): | ||||||||||
Coated board | $ | 147,958 | (5.5 | )% | $ | 156,634 | ||||
Containerboard | (15,180 | ) | (100.0 | ) | 2,986 | |||||
Corporate and Eliminations | (25,512 | ) | (100.0 | ) | 53,934 | |||||
Income from Operations | $ | 107,266 | (49.8 | )% | $ | 213,554 | ||||
Other Financial Data: | ||||||||||
Net Sales: | ||||||||||
Carrierboard | $ | 779,509 | 4.8 | % | $ | 743,569 | ||||
Cartonboard | 219,542 | 4.8 | 209,395 | |||||||
White lined chip board | 73,336 | (5.1 | ) | 77,273 | ||||||
Containerboard | 93,676 | (26.0 | ) | 126,549 | ||||||
Other(A) | 35,550 | (0.1 | ) | 35,576 |
Note:
Paperboard Shipments. The following represents shipments of coated board and containerboard to outside customers. Shipments of coated board represent sales to customers of beverage carrierboard and folding cartonboard. Shipments of white lined chip board represent sales to customers of WLC produced at the Swedish mill. Shipments of containerboard represent sales to customers of linerboard,
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corrugating medium, kraft paper and various other items. Other primarily represents shipments of certain by-products. Total shipments for the years ended December 31, 2001 and 2000 were as follows:
|
2001 |
Increase (Decrease) From Prior Period |
2000 |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(In thousands of tons) |
||||||
Coated Board | |||||||
Carrierboard | 636.1 | 4.0 | % | 611.7 | |||
Cartonboard | 348.0 | 2.2 | 340.4 | ||||
White lined chip board | 150.4 | 0.0 | 150.4 | ||||
Containerboard | 255.3 | (20.1 | ) | 319.4 | |||
Other | 23.5 | 76.7 | 13.3 | ||||
1,413.3 | (1.5 | )% | 1,435.2 | ||||
Net Sales. As a result of the factors described below, Riverwood's Net Sales in 2001 increased by $9.3 million, or 0.8%, compared with 2000. Net Sales in the coated board business segment increased by $42.1 million in 2001, or 4.0%, to $1,107.9 million from $1,065.8 million in 2000, due primarily to higher sales volume in North American beverage carton markets and North American consumer product markets. These increases were somewhat offset by lower sales volumes in international consumer product markets, lower sales volumes in Brazil and the negative impact of foreign currency exchange rates. Net Sales in the containerboard business segment decreased $32.8 million, or 26.0%, to $93.7 million in 2001 from $126.5 million in 2000, due principally to lower volumes and pricing.
Gross Profit. As a result of the factors discussed below, Riverwood's Gross Profit for 2001 decreased by $13.9 million, or 5.3%, to $247.7 million from $261.6 million in 2000. Its gross profit margin decreased to 20.6% in 2001 from 21.9% in 2000. Gross Profit in the coated board business segment increased by $7.7 million, or 3.1%, to $258.2 million in 2001 from $250.5 million in 2000, while its gross profit margin decreased to 23.3% in 2001 from 23.5% in 2000. The increase in coated board Gross Profit was due primarily to worldwide cost reductions as a result of savings gained from Riverwood's TQS initiative, higher Net Sales and lower depreciation expense somewhat offset by increased energy costs. Gross Profit in the containerboard business segment decreased by $17.5 million to a loss of $11.5 million in 2001 from a profit of $5.9 million in 2000, while its gross profit margin decreased to (12.3)% in 2001 from 4.7% in 2000. The decrease in containerboard Gross Profit resulted principally from lower containerboard pricing.
Selling, General and Administrative. Selling, General and Administrative expenses increased by $4.3 million, or 3.8%, to $116.5 million in 2001 from $112.2 million in 2000, due primarily to higher warehousing expenses. As a percentage of Net Sales, Selling, General and Administrative expenses increased from 9.4% in 2000 to 9.7% in 2001.
Research, Development and Engineering. Research, Development and Engineering expenses increased by $0.5 million, or 12.2%, to $5.1 million in 2001 from $4.6 million in 2000, due primarily to higher research and development investing relating to Riverwood's new product Z-Flute®, packaging machinery and products of the Swedish mill.
Restructuring Credit. During 2000, Riverwood substantially completed the 1998 restructuring plan that related primarily to the restructuring of its European operations, primarily the ongoing rationalization of its international folding carton converting operations. It reduced the restructuring reserve by $4.8 million. In addition, $2.2 million of new restructuring activities aligned with the overall objectives of the initial plan were recorded and completed during 2000. Riverwood completed the 1998
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restructuring plan during 2001. See note 23 to Riverwood's consolidated financial statements included in this proxy statement/prospectus.
Gain on Sale of Investment. During 2000, Riverwood recognized a $70.9 million gain from the sale of Igaras. See "Equity in Net Earnings of Affiliates" below.
Other Expense, Net. Other Expense, Net, was $18.8 million in 2001 and $4.7 million in 2000. This change was primarily due to certain operating charges recorded in 2001 primarily relating to a litigation settlement and non-cash asset retirements, and certain operating credits recorded in 2000.
Income from Operations. Primarily as a result of the factors discussed above, Riverwood's Income from Operations in 2001 decreased by $106.3 million, or 49.8%, to $107.3 million from $213.6 million in 2000, while its operating margin decreased to 8.8% in 2001 from 17.9% in 2000. Income from Operations in the coated board business segment decreased by $8.7 million, or 5.5%, to $148.0 million in 2001 from $156.6 million in 2000, while the operating margin decreased to 13.4% in 2001 from 14.7% in 2000, primarily as a result of the factors described above. Income from Operations in the containerboard business segment decreased $18.2 million to a loss of $15.2 million in 2001 from a profit of $3.0 million in 2000, while the operating margin decreased to (16.2)% in 2001 from 2.4% in 2000, primarily as a result of the factors described above. Income from Operations in the Corporate and Eliminations segment decreased $79.4 million to a loss of $25.5 million in 2001 from a profit of $53.9 million in 2000 due primarily to the sale of Igaras during 2000. See "Equity in Net Earnings of Affiliates" below.
Fluctuations in U.S. Currency Exchange Rates. The strengthening of the U.S. dollar currency exchange rates as compared to the Japanese yen, the euro, and other European currencies had a modest impact on Net Sales, Gross Profit, Income from Operations, and operating expenses during 2001.
Interest Income, Interest Expense, Income Tax Expense, Equity in Net Earnings of Affiliates, Extraordinary Loss on Early Extinguishment of Debt, and Cumulative Effect of a Change in Accounting Principle
Interest Income. Interest Income increased by $0.1 million to $0.9 million in 2001 from $0.8 million in 2000.
Interest Expense. Interest Expense decreased by $22.4 million to $158.9 million in 2001 from $181.3 million in 2000 due primarily to lower average debt balances and, to a lesser extent, lower average interest rates.
Income Tax Expense. During 2001, Riverwood recognized an income tax expense of $6.6 million on a (Loss) before Income Taxes and Equity in Net Earnings of Affiliates of $(50.7) million. During 2000, it recognized an income tax expense of $3.0 million on Income before Income Taxes and Equity in Net Earnings of Affiliates of $33.1 million. The income tax expense, in both 2001 and 2000, was due primarily to international operating income. The increase in income tax expense from 2000 to 2001 was due primarily to an increase in international operating income. These income tax expenses differed from the statutory federal income tax rate primarily because of valuation allowances established on net operating loss carryforward tax assets in the U.S. and certain international locations where the realization of such benefits is not more likely than not.
Equity in Net Earnings of Affiliates. In 2000, Equity in Net Earnings of Affiliates was comprised primarily of Riverwood's equity in net earnings of Igaras. On October 3, 2000, Riverwood, along with its joint venture partner, completed the sale of the jointly-held subsidiary Igaras for approximately $510 million, including the assumption of $112 million of debt. Riverwood recognized a gain of approximately $70.9 million in accordance with the sale. Through the date of the sale, Igaras was
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accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Equity in Net Earnings of Affiliates decreased from $3.4 million in 2000 to $1.0 million in 2001 as a result of the sale of Igaras, somewhat offset by Riverwood's equity in net earnings of Rengo.
Extraordinary Loss on Early Extinguishment of Debt. On August 10, 2001, Riverwood entered into the senior secured credit agreement. The proceeds of the initial borrowings under the facilities of approximately $386 million, including $51 million in revolving credit borrowings, were applied to repay in full the outstanding borrowings under the prior term loan facility and the prior revolving facility and to pay approximately $12 million of the $14 million of fees and expenses incurred in connection with the amendment and restatement of the prior credit agreement. During the third quarter of 2001, Riverwood recorded a non-cash, extraordinary charge to earnings of approximately $6.0 million, net of tax of nil, related to the write-off of the applicable remaining deferred debt issuance costs on the prior term loan facility and the prior revolving facility.
On June 21, 2001, it completed an offering of $250 million principal amount of the 2001 notes, bearing interest at 105/8% annually. The net proceeds of this offering were applied to prepay a portion of the term loan facility resulting in a non-cash, extraordinary charge to earnings of approximately $2.8 million, net of tax of nil, related to the write-off of the applicable portion of deferred debt issuance costs on the term loans.
On October 3, 2000, Riverwood completed the sale of its 50 percent investment in Igaras. It applied $120 million and $25 million of the sale proceeds to its 2001 and 2002 term loan maturities under the prior term loan facility, respectively. It recognized a loss on the early extinguishment of debt of approximately $2.1 million, net of tax of nil, in the fourth quarter of 2000.
Cumulative Effect of a Change in Accounting Principle
On January 1, 2001, Riverwood adopted SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, as amended by SFAS No. 137, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging ActivitiesDeferral of the Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 133, and SFAS No. 138, Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities, or SFAS No. 133, which requires all derivative instruments to be measured at fair value and recognized on the balance sheet as either assets or liabilities. In addition, all derivative instruments used in hedging relationships must be designated, reassessed and documented pursuant to the provisions of SFAS No. 133. Upon adoption of SFAS No. 133, Riverwood recognized a one-time after-tax transition adjustment to decrease earnings by approximately $0.5 million.
Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources
Riverwood broadly defines liquidity as its ability to generate sufficient cash flow from operating activities to meet its obligations and commitments. In addition, liquidity includes the ability to obtain appropriate debt and equity financing and to convert into cash those assets that are no longer required to meet existing strategic and financial objectives. Therefore, liquidity cannot be considered separately from capital resources that consist of current or potentially available funds for use in achieving long-range business objectives and meeting debt service commitments.
Cash Flows. Cash and Equivalents increased by approximately $6.4 million in 2002, primarily as a result of cash provided by operating activities ($87.5 million), somewhat offset by purchases of property, plant and equipment ($56.0 million) and the net cash used in financing activities ($23.6 million). Depreciation and amortization during 2002 totaled approximately $133.8 million, and is expected to be approximately $125 million to $135 million in 2003.
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Riverwood's net sales, cash flows from its operations and credit agreement EBITDA are subject to moderate seasonality with demand usually increasing in the spring and summer due to the seasonality of the worldwide beverage multiple packaging markets.
Liquidity and Capital Resources. In connection with the merger and related transactions (including the refinancing), substantially all of Riverwood's existing indebtedness is expected to be redeemed, repurchased or otherwise repaid and replaced with borrowings under the new credit facilities by the combined company and with indebtedness of the combined company under the new notes. See "The Proposed MergerMerger Financing" on page 59.
On a pro forma basis giving effect to the merger and related transactions, the combined company's liquidity needs are expected to arise primarily from debt service on its substantial indebtedness and from the funding of its capital expenditures, ongoing operating costs and working capital. As of December 31, 2002, on such a pro forma basis, and assuming that substantially all of GPC's existing senior subordinated notes are tendered for purchase, the combined company would have had outstanding approximately $2.2 billion of long-term debt, consisting primarily of $850 million aggregate principal amount of new notes, approximately $1.2 billion of term loans under the new credit facilities, approximately $149 million of revolving credit borrowings under the new credit facilities, and other debt issues and facilities. Cash paid for interest during 2002 would have been approximately $149 million on the same pro forma basis.
Based upon current levels of operations, anticipated cost savings and expectations as to future growth, Riverwood and Graphic believe that cash generated from operations, together with amounts available under the new credit facilities and other available financing sources, will be adequate to permit the combined company to meet its debt service obligations, capital expenditure program requirements, ongoing operating costs and working capital needs until the maturity of the new credit facilities, although no assurance can be given in this regard. The combined company's future financial and operating performance, ability to service or refinance its debt and ability to comply with the covenants and restrictions contained in its debt agreements will be subject to future economic conditions and to financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond its control and will be substantially dependent on the selling prices and demand for its products, raw material and energy costs, and its ability to successfully implement its overall business and profitability strategies. See "Risks Relating to the Combined Company's Business" beginning on page 24.
Indebtedness Following the Merger
New Credit Facilities. RIC and GPC are expected to be co-borrowers under the new credit facilities. In the event that RIC and GPC are merged in connection with the merger or otherwise, the resulting entity would be the borrower under the new credit facilities. The new credit facilities are expected to provide for aggregate maximum borrowings of $1.6 billion under (1) a term loan facility, providing for term loans in an aggregate principal amount of $1.2 billion in two tranches, consisting of Tranche A term loans and Tranche B term loans, and (2) a revolving credit facility, providing for up to $400 million in revolving loans to the borrower (including standby and commercial letters of credit) outstanding at any time. In connection with the consummation of the merger and the refinancing, and assuming that substantially all of GPC's existing senior subordinated notes are tendered for purchase, approximately $1.2 billion is expected to be drawn under the term loan facility and approximately $100 million is expected to be drawn under the revolving credit facility. Undrawn amounts under the revolving credit facility will be available on a revolving credit basis for general corporate purposes of the borrower and its subsidiaries. On a pro forma basis giving effect to the merger and related transactions, approximately $1.3 billion would have been outstanding under the new credit facilities as of December 31, 2002. The availability of the new credit facilities is expected to be subject to various conditions precedent. See "The Proposed MergerMerger FinancingAvailability" on page 59.
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The Tranche A term loans and the revolving credit facility are expected to mature in 2009. The Tranche B term loans are expected to mature in 2010. Amortization of the principal amount of the respective tranches of the term loan facility is expected to be on an installment schedule to be determined, with amortization of the Tranche A term loans over their term and with no substantial amortization of the Tranche B term loans until maturity.
At the borrower's election, the interest rates per annum applicable to the loans under the new credit facilities are expected to be a fluctuating rate of interest measured by reference to either (1) an adjusted London inter-bank offered rate, or LIBOR, plus a borrowing margin or (2) an alternate base rate, or ABR, plus a borrowing margin.
The credit agreement for the new credit facilities is expected to provide for mandatory prepayment and reduction of the facilities under specified circumstances, and is expected to contain restrictive covenants, including compliance with specified financial ratios and tests, consisting of a minimum interest expense coverage ratio, a maximum leverage ratio and maximum capital expenditures. The credit agreement for the new credit facilities is also expected to contain customary events of default including non-payment of principal, interest or fees, failure to comply with covenants, inaccuracy of representations or warranties in any material respect, cross default to certain other indebtedness, loss of lien perfection or priority, material judgments and change of ownership or control. See "The Proposed MergerMerger FinancingNew Credit Facilities" on page 60.
New Notes. Riverwood and Graphic expect that the financing arrangements to be entered into in connection with the merger and the refinancing will include the offering and sale of approximately $850 million aggregate principal amount of new notes, which are currently expected to consist of senior notes and senior subordinated notes, in a private offering with registration rights, or in a public offering. See "The Proposed MergerMerger FinancingNew Notes" on page 62 for a summary description of certain terms of the new notes and the indentures under which such new notes are expected to be issued, based on Riverwood and Graphic's preliminary discussions with financing sources.
To the extent any of GPC's existing senior subordinated notes are not tendered for purchase, those notes not tendered for purchase are expected to remain outstanding, and the amount of funds required to consummate the merger and related transactions may be reduced as a result.
Financing Sources and Cash Flows. As of December 31, 2002, on a pro forma basis giving effect to the merger and related transactions, the combined company's remaining borrowing availability under the revolving credit facility provided by the new credit facilities would have been approximately $243 million. Undrawn amounts under the revolving credit facility will be available to meet future working capital and other business needs of the combined company.
Capital Expenditures. Riverwood's capital spending for 2002 was approximately $56.0 million, down 2.2% from $57.3 million in 2001. Capital spending during 2002 related primarily to improving Riverwood's process capabilities, manufacturing packaging machinery and environmental cluster rules compliance. During 2002, it had capital spending of approximately $44.9 million for improving process capabilities, approximately $10.2 million for packaging machinery manufacturing and approximately $0.9 million for compliance with the cluster rules. Riverwood's total capital spending for 2003 (without giving effect to the merger and related transactions) is expected to be between $110 million and $120 million, and is expected to relate principally to improving Riverwood's process capabilities, the production of packaging machinery and environmental cluster rules compliance. Riverwood is accelerating certain capital driven cost reduction projects that will deliver benefits in 2004 and 2005. Over the next three years, it anticipates that it will spend approximately $22 million at its two U.S. mills to comply with the cluster rules.
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Letter of Credit Commitments. Riverwood is required by its insurance company to have a standby letter of credit to secure payment of workers' compensation claims. The letter of credit, with a value of $0.4 million, expired on February 20, 2003 and was subsequently extended. The letter of credit will automatically be extended without amendment for successive one-year periods from the current expiration date and any future expiration date unless at least 45 days prior to the expiration date Riverwood is notified that the financial institution elects not to renew. In addition, the Ohio Bureau of Workers' Compensation requires Riverwood to have a standby letter of credit for non-performance according to the conditions and obligations as provided under workers' compensation law. It is a further condition of the letter of credit to cover all injuries or occupational disease claims incurred in any period prior to and/or during the present term should Riverwood not perform. The letter of credit, with a value of $0.2 million, was renewed on September 20, 2002 and is automatically extended without amendment for successive one-year periods from the current expiration date and any future expiration date unless at least 60 days prior to the expiration date Riverwood is notified that the financial institution elects not to renew.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. Riverwood is exposed to fluctuations in interest rates on its variable rate debt and fluctuations in foreign currency transaction cash flows. It actively monitors these fluctuations and uses derivative instruments from time to time to manage its exposure. In accordance with its risk management strategy, it uses derivative instruments only for the purpose of managing risk associated with fluctuations in the cash flow of the underlying exposures identified by management. Riverwood does not trade or use derivative instruments with the objective of earning financial gains on interest or currency rates, nor does it use leveraged instruments or instruments where there are no underlying exposures identified. Its use of derivative instruments may result in short-term gains or losses and may increase volatility in its earnings.
On January 1, 2001, Riverwood adopted SFAS No. 133 which requires all derivative instruments to be measured at fair value and recognized on the balance sheet as either assets or liabilities. In addition, all derivative instruments used in hedging relationships must be designated, reassessed and documented pursuant to the provisions of SFAS No. 133. Upon adoption of SFAS No. 133, Riverwood recognized a one-time after-tax transition adjustment to decrease earnings by approximately $0.5 million and decrease other comprehensive income by approximately $1.1 million. These amounts have been presented as a cumulative effect of change in accounting principle in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the year ended December 31, 2001.
The following is a summary of Riverwood's derivative instruments as of December 31, 2002 and the accounting policies it employs:
Hedges of Anticipated Cash Flows.
The following is a reconciliation of current period changes in the fair value of the interest rate swap agreements, and foreign currency forward and option contracts which have been recorded as Accumulated Derivative Instruments Loss in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001 and as Derivative Instruments Loss in the accompanying
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Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001.
(In thousands of dollars) |
|
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
SFAS No. 133 transition adjustment | $ | (1,094 | ) | |
Reclassification to earnings | 3,898 | |||
Current period decrease in fair value | (7,374 | ) | ||
Balance at December 31, 2001 | (4,570 | ) | ||
Reclassification to earnings | 6,014 | |||
Current period decrease in fair value | (7,579 | ) | ||
Balance at December 31, 2002 | $ | (6,135 | ) | |
At December 31, 2002, there was no material ineffective portion related to the changes in fair value of the interest rate swap agreements or option contracts and there were no amounts excluded from the measure of effectiveness. During the second quarter of 2002, Riverwood de-designated certain of its foreign currency forward and option contracts due to such contracts no longer meeting Riverwood's established effectiveness test. As a result, during the second quarter of 2002, Riverwood recognized a mark-to-market loss of approximately $1.8 million in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive (Loss) Income; had the foreign currency forward and option contracts not been de-designated, this approximate $1.8 million mark-to-market loss would have been deferred into Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income and would have been recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive (Loss) Income over the remaining two quarters. At December 31, 2002, all mark to market losses relating to the de-designated hedges had been recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive (Loss) Income.
The balance of $6.1 million recorded in Accumulated Derivative Instruments Loss at December 31, 2002 is expected to be reclassified into future earnings, contemporaneously with and offsetting changes in the related hedged exposure. The estimated amount to be reclassified into future earnings as interest expense over the next twelve months through December 31, 2003 is approximately $4.3 million. The actual amount that will be reclassified to future earnings over the next twelve months may vary from this amount as a result of changes in market conditions. No amounts were reclassified to earnings during 2002 in connection with forecasted transactions that were no longer considered probable of occurring.
Riverwood uses interest rate swap agreements to fix a portion of its variable rate term loan facility to a fixed rate in order to reduce the impact of interest rate changes on future income. The differential to be paid or received under these agreements is recognized as an adjustment to interest expense related to the debt. At December 31, 2002, it had interest rate swap agreements with a notional amount of $410 million, which expire on various dates through the year 2003 and 2004, under which it will pay fixed rates of 2.21% to 3.52% and receive three-month LIBOR.
Derivatives not Designated as Hedges.
Riverwood has foreign currency forward contracts used to hedge the exposure associated with foreign currency denominated receivables. These contracts are presently being marked-to-market through the income statement and will continue to be marked-to-market through the income statement.
Riverwood enters into fixed price natural gas contracts designed to effectively hedge prices for a substantial portion of its natural gas requirements at its two U.S. mills. The purpose of the fixed price natural gas contracts is to eliminate or reduce price risk with a focus on making cash flows more predictable. As of December 31, 2002, it had entered into contracts to hedge substantially all of its natural gas requirements for its two U.S. mills through and including October 2003. The contract price
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and fair value of these natural gas contracts was approximately $16.3 million and $19.9 million, respectively. These contracts are not accounted for as derivative instruments under SFAS No. 133, as they qualify for the normal purchase exemption.
Commitments. At December 31, 2002, total commitments of Riverwood under long-term, non-cancelable contracts were as follows:
|
Payment Due by Period |
||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Less than 1 year |
1-3 years |
4-5 years |
After 5 years |
Total |
||||||||||
|
(In thousands of dollars) |
||||||||||||||
Long-Term Debt | $ | 78,415 | $ | 173,690 | $ | 849,956 | $ | 400,018 | $ | 1,502,079 | |||||
Operating Leases | 15,664 | 5,408 | 2,239 | 946 | 24,257 | ||||||||||
Unconditional Purchase Obligations(A) | 34,291 | 24,674 | 20,381 | 81,609 | 160,955 | ||||||||||
Total Contractual Cash Obligations | $ | 128,370 | $ | 203,772 | $ | 872,576 | $ | 482,573 | $ | 1,687,291 | |||||
Note:
The foregoing information as to commitments is presented on a historical basis and does not take into account the merger and related transactions.
Environmental and Legal Matters. Riverwood is committed to compliance with all applicable foreign, federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations. Environmental law is, however, dynamic rather than static. As a result, costs that are unforeseeable at this time, may be incurred when new laws are enacted, and when environmental agencies adopt or revise rules and regulations. In general, the environmental laws that Riverwood is subject to regulate discharges and emissions of constituents to the air, soil and water, prescribe procedures for the use, reuse, reclamation, recycling and disposal of designated waste materials and impose liability and requirements relating to the cleanup of contamination. In certain instances, state environmental laws may be stricter than their federal counterparts.
The federal Clean Air Act imposes stringent limits on air emissions, establishes a federal permit program (Title V) and provides for civil and criminal enforcement sanctions. In response to these requirements, in the early 1990's Riverwood switched from solvent-based to water-based inks and varnishes at its converting operations in order to reduce and meet requirements with respect to emissions of volatile organic compounds. Where necessary, its plants have received or submitted an application to the appropriate permitting authority for a Title V permit.
The federal Clean Water Act establishes a system of minimum national effluent standards for each industry, water quality standards for the nation's waterways and a permit program that provides discharge limitations. It also regulates releases and spills of oil and hazardous materials and wastewater and stormwater discharges. Riverwood's mill in West Monroe, Louisiana is the only one of its facilities that is a direct discharger to a water body and a permit currently covers its discharges to the Ouachita River. Its other operations discharge to publicly owned treatment works and are subject to pretreatment requirements and limitations.
The federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, or CERCLA, establishes liability for waste generators, current and former site owners and operators and others in connection with releases of hazardous materials. In certain instances, Riverwood has been identified as a potentially responsible party, or PRP, under CERCLA and similar state laws.
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In 1998, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency adopted regulations, generally referred to as the cluster rules, that mandated more stringent controls on air and water discharges from United States pulp and paper mills. Over the next three years, Riverwood anticipates that it will spend approximately $22 million at its two U.S. mills to comply with these regulations.
Riverwood is involved in environmental investigation and remediation projects for certain properties currently or formerly owned or operated by Riverwood, and at certain waste disposal sites. Some of these projects are being addressed under federal and state statutes, such as CERCLA and analogous state laws. Riverwood's costs in certain instances cannot be reliably estimated until the remediation process is substantially underway or liability has been addressed. It accrues reserves for these contingencies when the liability is probable and the costs are reasonably estimable. It believes that based on current information and regulatory requirements, its accruals for environmental matters are adequate. However, there can be no assurance that Riverwood will not incur significant costs in excess of accrued amounts in connection with remediation activities and other environmental matters.
In late 1995, the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality, or the DEQ, notified Riverwood's predecessor, the corporation formerly known as Riverwood International Corporation, or old RIC, of potential liability for the remediation of hazardous substances at a former wood treatment site in Shreveport, Louisiana (known as the Line Avenue Site) that old RIC or its predecessors previously operated. In August 2001, Riverwood entered into an agreement with the DEQ and the landowners to remediate the site. The agreement required the removal of soils containing wood-treating constituents in excess of regulatory standards, consolidation of these soils in a sub portion of the site, capping of the sub portion, land use restrictions, future operations and maintenance, or O&M, to ensure the integrity of the cap, long-term monitoring of the groundwater, and a recorded prohibition on the use of on-site groundwater. Riverwood contracted with a qualified contractor to remediate the site at a cost of approximately $1.3 million. In addition, each of the O&M and groundwater monitoring costs for the initial five years are expected to be approximately $0.1 million (no such costs are estimated beyond the initial five-year period). As of December 31, 2002, all of the required soil excavation and consolidation has been completed. Riverwood expects to complete construction of the cap by April 2003. As of December 31, 2002, it has paid its contractor approximately $0.6 million to remediate the site. Riverwood has been reimbursed approximately half of these costs from a PRP that has entered into a settlement agreement with Riverwood.
On July 6, 2000, Riverwood and the DEQ entered into a settlement agreement for remediation of a site in Caddo Parish, Louisiana (known as the Shoreline Refinery Site). The principal contamination at this site was an approximately 5 acre impoundment of oil-based sludge that appeared to originate from an oil refinery that was operated by prior operators. The remedial action contemplated by the settlement agreement required the neutralization, stabilization and consolidation of sludges and soils at the site, capping of the consolidated materials, the establishment of a vegetative cover, and five years of post-closure care of the capped area. Riverwood contracted to complete the remedial action in accordance with the terms of the settlement agreement. In a November 26, 2002 letter to Riverwood, the DEQ stated that all required construction activities were accomplished and that the five-year post-closure care and reporting period would commence. Riverwood conveyed the property to its contractor on October 22, 2000.
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Riverwood is a party to a number of lawsuits arising out of the ordinary conduct of its business. While there can be no assurance as to their ultimate outcome, it does not believe that these lawsuits will have a material impact on the results of its operations, cash flows or financial condition.
Riverwood has been a plaintiff in actions filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia against MeadWestvaco, successor by merger to The Mead Corporation, and R.A. Jones Co. Inc., or R.A. Jones, claiming infringement of Riverwood's patents for its packaging machines and seeking damages sufficient to compensate for such infringement. The patents in suit were found infringed but invalid by a jury in a trial against R.A. Jones in August 2001. This finding of invalidity as to U.S. Patent Nos. 5,666,789 and 5,692,361 was appealed to the CAFC. The suit against MeadWestvaco was dismissed by mutual agreement, subject to being refiled, pending the outcome of the appeal of the decision in the case against R.A. Jones. The CAFC vacated the holding of invalidity as to U.S. Patent Nos. 5,666,789 and 5,692,361 and remanded to the District Court for determination of proper inventive entity. The finding of infringement was affirmed by the CAFC. Further proceedings consistent with the decision of the CAFC will follow in the District Court.
International Operations. At December 31, 2002, approximately 13% of Riverwood's total net assets were denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Riverwood has significant operations in countries that use the Swedish krona, the British pound sterling, the Japanese yen, or the euro as their functional currencies. The effect of a generally weaker U.S. dollar against the euro and other European currencies, somewhat offset by the effect of a stronger U.S. dollar against the Japanese Yen produced a net currency translation adjustment gain of approximately $13.0 million, which was recorded as an adjustment to shareholders' equity for the year ended December 31, 2002. The magnitude and direction of this adjustment in the future depends on the relationship of the U.S. dollar to other currencies. Riverwood cannot predict major currency fluctuations. Its revenues from export sales fluctuate with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Riverwood pursues a currency hedging program in order to limit the impact of foreign currency exchange fluctuations on financial results. See "Financial Instruments" below.
Financial Instruments. The functional currency for most of Riverwood's international subsidiaries is the local currency for the country in which the subsidiaries own their primary assets. The translation of the applicable currencies into U.S. dollars is performed for balance sheet accounts using current exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using a weighted average exchange rate during the period. Any related translation adjustments are recorded directly to shareholders' equity. Gains and losses on foreign currency transactions are included in Other Expense, Net for the period in which the exchange rate changes.
Riverwood pursues a currency hedging program which utilizes derivatives to limit the impact of foreign currency exchange fluctuations on its consolidated financial results. Under this program, it has entered into forward exchange and option contracts in the normal course of business to hedge certain foreign currency denominated transactions. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on these forward contracts are included in the measurement of the basis of the related foreign currency transaction when recorded. The premium on an option contract is reflected in Other Expense, Net, during the period in which the contract expires. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of market and credit risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Riverwood does not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. See "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk" on page 119.
Impact of Inflation. In the U.S., the inflation rate was approximately 1.6% for 2002. In Europe, where Riverwood has manufacturing facilities, the inflation rate for 2002 was approximately 2.0%. Net Sales from international operations during the period amounted to approximately $337 million, or 27% of its combined Net Sales in 2002.
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements. In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or the FASB, issued SFAS No. 141, "Business Combinations", or SFAS No. 141, which was effective as of January 1, 2002. SFAS No. 141 requires the purchase method of accounting for business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001 and eliminates the pooling-of-interests method. Riverwood adopted SFAS No. 141 on January 1, 2002 and the adoption did not have a significant impact on its financial position and results of operations.
In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets", or SFAS No. 142, which was effective January 1, 2002. SFAS No. 142 requires, among other things, the discontinuance of goodwill amortization. In addition, the standard includes provisions for the reclassification of certain existing recognized intangibles as goodwill, reassessment of the useful lives of existing recognized intangibles, reclassification of certain intangibles out of previously reported goodwill and the identification of reporting units for purposes of assessing potential future impairments of goodwill. SFAS No. 142 also requires Riverwood to complete a transitional goodwill impairment test six months from the date of adoption. The adoption of SFAS No. 142 resulted in the discontinuation of amortization of goodwill recorded at December 31, 2001 of approximately $8 million annually. Intangible assets with a determinable life will continue to be amortized over the appropriate periods. Riverwood adopted SFAS No. 142 on January 1, 2002. The following table shows Net (Loss) Income for the year ended December 31, 2002 and Adjusted Net (Loss) Income for the years ended December 31, 2001 and 2000 exclusive of goodwill amortization:
(In thousands of dollars) |
Year ended December 31, 2002 |
Year ended December 31, 2001 |
Year ended December 31, 2000 |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Net (Loss) Income | $ | (11,262 | ) | $ | (65,557 | ) | $ | 31,347 | |
Plus: Amortization of Goodwill | | 7,740 | 7,948 | ||||||
Adjusted Net (Loss) Income | $ | (11,262 | ) | $ | (57,817 | ) | $ | 39,295 | |
The following table shows Income (Loss) before Extraordinary Item and Cumulative Effect of a Change in Accounting Principle for the year ended December 31, 2002 and Adjusted Income (Loss) before Extraordinary Item and Cumulative Effect of a Change in Accounting Principle for the years ended December 31, 2001 and 2000 exclusive of goodwill amortization:
|
Year ended December 31, 2002 |
Year ended December 31, 2001 |
Year ended December 31, 2000 |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(In thousands of dollars) |
||||||||
Income (Loss) before Extraordinary Item and Cumulative Effect of a Change in Accounting Principle | $ | 247 | $ | (56,334 | ) | $ | 33,464 | ||
Plus: Amortization of Goodwill | | 7,740 | 7,948 | ||||||
Adjusted Income (Loss) before Extraordinary Item and Cumulative Effect of a Change in Accounting Principle | $ | 247 | $ | (48,594 | ) | $ | 41,412 | ||
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The following table displays the intangible assets that continue to be subject to amortization and aggregate amortization expense as well as intangible assets not subject to amortization as of December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001:
|
As of December 31, 2002 |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gross Carrying Amount |
Accumulated Amortization |
Net Carrying Amount |
|||||||
Amortized intangible assets: | ||||||||||
Patents | $ | 23,633 | $ | 9,471 | $ | 14,162 | ||||
Licenses | 3,598 | 1,207 | 2,391 | |||||||
Trademarks | 39,642 | 13,351 | 26,291 | |||||||
$ | 66,873 | $ | 24,029 | $ | 42,844 | |||||
Unamortized intangible assets: | ||||||||||
Goodwill | $ | 268,284 | | $ | 268,284 | |||||
|
As of December 31, 2001 |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gross Carrying Amount |
Accumulated Amortization |
Net Carrying Amount |
|||||||
Amortized intangible assets: | ||||||||||
Patents | $ | 23,926 | $ | 7,986 | $ | 15,940 | ||||
Licenses | 3,598 | 997 | 2,601 | |||||||
Trademarks | 39,624 | 11,370 | 28,254 | |||||||
$ | 67,148 | $ | 20,353 | $ | 46,795 | |||||
Unamortized intangible assets: | ||||||||||
Goodwill | $ | 321,976 | $ | 45,494 | $ | 276,482 | ||||
Amortization expense for intangible assets subject to amortization was approximately $3.7 million for 2002, and is expected to be approximately $4 million annually for the next five fiscal years.
In February 2003, Riverwood received $7 million of cash from a third party in settlement of a tax matter related to the merger of CDRO Acquisition Corporation into old RIC on March 27, 1996, or the 1996 merger. This settlement has been recorded as a reduction of Goodwill and an increase in Other Receivables as of December 31, 2002.
In the fourth quarter of 2002, in accordance with SFAS No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes", Riverwood reduced Goodwill and Other Noncurrent Liabilities by approximately $1.2 million as Riverwood determined that certain income tax exposures that had been identified as part of the 1996 purchase price allocation were no longer considered to be an exposure to Riverwood.
In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations", or SFAS No. 143, which is effective January 1, 2003. SFAS No. 143 addresses financial accounting and reporting for obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and the associated asset retirement costs. Riverwood does not believe that the adoption of SFAS No. 143 will have a significant impact on its financial position and results of operations.
In August 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets", or SFAS No. 144, which was effective January 1, 2002. SFAS No. 144 addresses financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets, as well as eliminating the exception to consolidation for a subsidiary for which control is likely to be temporary. Riverwood adopted SFAS No. 144 on January 1, 2002 and the adoption did not have a significant impact on its financial position and results of operations.
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In April 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 145, "Recission of FASB Statements No. 4, 44, and 64, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical Corrections as of April 2002," or SFAS No. 145. This statement rescinds SFAS No. 4, "Reporting Gains and Losses from Extinguishment of Debt," or SFAS No. 4, and an amendment of the Statement, SFAS No. 64, "Extinguishments of Debt Made to Satisfy Sinking-Fund Requirements." This Statement also rescinds SFAS No. 44, "Accounting for Intangible Assets of Motor Carriers." This statement amends SFAS No. 13, "Accounting for Leases", to eliminate an inconsistency between the required accounting for sale-leaseback transactions and the required accounting for certain lease modifications that have economic effects that are similar to sale-leaseback transactions. SFAS No. 145 will be effective for fiscal 2003, which begins January 1, 2003. Management expects that the adoption of this statement will result in a reclassification of expenses from Extraordinary Loss on Early Extinguishment of Debt to Income from Operations of approximately $11.5 million, $8.7 million and $2.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively, associated with the rescission of SFAS No. 4.
In July 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 146, "Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities," or SFAS No. 146, which was effective December 31, 2002. SFAS No. 146 addresses financial accounting and reporting for costs associated with exit or disposal activities and nullifies Emerging Issues Task Force, or EITF, Issue No. 94-3, "Liability Recognition for Certain Employee Termination Benefits and Other Costs to Exit an Activity (including Certain Costs Incurred in a Restructuring)." This Statement requires that a liability for a cost associated with an exit or disposal activity be recognized when the liability is incurred, and concludes that an entity's commitment to an exit plan does not by itself create a present obligation that meets the definition of a liability. This Statement also establishes that fair value is the objective of initial measurement of the liability. The provisions of this Statement are effective for exit or disposal activities that are initiated after December 31, 2002, with early application encouraged. Riverwood will adopt SFAS No. 146 effective January 1, 2003.
In December 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 148, "Accounting for Stock-Based CompensationTransition and Disclosure, Amendment of SFAS No. 123," or SFAS No. 148. This Statement provides additional transition guidance for those entities that elect to voluntarily adopt the provisions of SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock Based Compensation." Furthermore, SFAS No. 148 mandates new disclosures in both interim and year-end financial statements within Riverwood's Significant Accounting Policies footnote. Riverwood has elected not to adopt the recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123, as amended by SFAS No. 148.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The financial statements and selected financial data of Riverwood are presented in this proxy statement/prospectus beginning on page F-2.
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
On June 9, 2002, Riverwood dismissed Deloitte & Touche LLP as its auditors, and appointed PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to serve as its independent accountants. On June 12, 2002, Riverwood filed a Form 8-K disclosing the information required by Item 304 of Regulation S-K with respect to the foregoing.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Riverwood is exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates, foreign currency and commodity prices. To minimize these risks, it enters into various hedging transactions.
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Interest Rates
Riverwood is exposed to changes in interest rates, primarily as a result of its short-term and long-term debt with both fixed and floating interest rates. It uses interest rate swap agreements effectively to fix the LIBOR rate on $410,000,000 of variable rate borrowings.
Interest Rate SensitivityPrincipal (Notional) Amounty By Expected MaturityAverage Interest (Swap) Rate
|
December 31, |
|||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(In thousands of dollars) |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
Thereafter |
Total |
Fair Value |
||||||||||
LIABILITIES: | ||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt, including current portion: | ||||||||||||||||||
Fixed Rate | 915 | 475 | 715 | 356 | 501,000 | 400,018 | 903,479 | 927,209 | ||||||||||
Average Interest Rate | 5.79 | % | 4.30 | % | 4.30 | % | 4.30 | % | 10.62 | % | 10.88 | % | ||||||
Variable Rate | 77,500 | 77,500 | 95,000 | 109,850 | 238,750 | | 598,600 | 593,736 | ||||||||||
Average Interest Rate, spread range is 2.50%-2.75% | LIBOR + spread |
LIBOR + spread |
LIBOR + spread |
LIBOR + spread |
LIBOR + spread |
|||||||||||||
INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS RELATED TO DEBT: | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swap: | ||||||||||||||||||
Pay fixed/receive variable | 160,000 | 250,000 | 410,000 | (5,058 | ) | |||||||||||||
Average pay rate | 3.24 | % | 2.48 | % | ||||||||||||||
Average receive rate | 3-Month LIBOR | 3-Month LIBOR |
Foreign Exchange Rates
Riverwood enters into forward exchange contracts to effectively hedge substantially all accounts receivable and certain accounts payable resulting from transactions denominated in foreign currencies. The purpose of these forward exchange contracts is to protect Riverwood from the risk that the eventual functional currency cash flows resulting from the collection of the hedged accounts receivable or payment of the hedged accounts payable will be adversely affected by changes in exchange rates. Riverwood also enters into foreign currency options and forward exchange contracts to hedge certain anticipated foreign currency transactions. The purpose of these contracts is to protect Riverwood from the risk that the eventual functional currency cash flows resulting from anticipated foreign currency transactions will be adversely affected by changes in exchange rates.
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Foreign Exchange Rates SensitivityContractual Amount by Expected MaturityAverage Contractual Exchange Rate
(In thousands of dollars) |
December 31, 2002 |
Fair Value |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FORWARD EXCHANGE AGREEMENTS: | ||||||||
Functional Currency: | ||||||||
Yen | ||||||||
Receive $US/Pay Yen | 7,500 | (113 | ) | |||||
Weighted average contractual exchange rate | 120.55 | |||||||
Pay $US/Receive Yen | 6,088 | 96 | ||||||
Weighted average contractual exchange rate | 120.63 | |||||||
Euro | ||||||||
Receive $US/Pay Euro | 12,906 | (412 | ) | |||||
Weighted average contractual exchange rate | 1.02 | |||||||
Pay $US/Receive Euro | 2,899 | 93 | ||||||
Weighted average contractual exchange rate | 1.02 | |||||||
British Pound | ||||||||
Receive $US/Pay GBP | 3,568 | (64 | ) | |||||
Weighted average contractual exchange rate | 1.58 | |||||||
Pay $US/Receive GBP | 2,827 | 39 | ||||||
Weighted average contractual exchange rate | 1.59 | |||||||
Australian Dollar | ||||||||
Receive $US/Pay AUD | 3,671 | (6 | ) | |||||
Weighted average contractual exchange rate | 0.56 | |||||||
Pay $US/Receive AUD | 1,092 | 6 | ||||||
Weighted average contractual exchange rate | 0.56 | |||||||
Other (A) | ||||||||
Net Receive various/Pay various | 5,539 | (15 | ) | |||||
Weighted average contractual exchange rate | Various |
Note:
Natural Gas Hedging Contracts
Riverwood enters into fixed price natural gas contracts designed to effectively hedge prices for a substantial portion of its natural gas requirements at its two U.S. mills. The purpose of the fixed price natural gas contracts is to eliminate or reduce price risk with a focus on making cash flows more predictable. As of December 31, 2002, Riverwood had entered into contracts to hedge substantially all of its natural gas requirements for its two U.S. mills through and including October 2003. The contract price and fair value of these natural gas contracts was approximately $16.3 million and $19.9 million, respectively. These contracts are not accounted for as derivative instruments under SFAS No. 133 because they qualify for the normal purchase exemption.
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BUSINESS
Graphic is a manufacturer of packaging products used by consumer product companies as primary packaging for their end-use products. Graphic's executive offices are located at 4455 Table Mountain Drive, Golden, Colorado 80403. The telephone number is (303) 215-4600.
General Development of Business
Graphic Packaging International Corporation was incorporated in Colorado in August 1992 as a holding company for the packaging, ceramics, aluminum and developmental businesses formerly owned by Adolph Coors Company, or ACCo. In December 1992, ACCo distributed to its stockholders all outstanding shares of Graphic's stock. During its initial years, Graphic operated packaging, ceramics, aluminum and various developmental businesses. Through various acquisitions and divestitures, a spin-off and other transactions, it is now strategically focused on the folding carton segment of the fiber-based product packaging industry.
Recent Developments
On April 29, 2003, Graphic announced summary results for the quarter ended March 31, 2003. Net sales for the first quarter of 2003 were $260.9 million, which was $2.8 million or 1% lower than net sales of $263.7 million in the first quarter of 2002.
The net loss attributable to common shareholders in the first quarter of 2003 was $2.5 million ($0.08 per diluted share). The net loss attributable to common shareholders was $187.2 million ($5.79 per diluted share) for the first quarter of 2002. These results included a loss of $15.8 million on the early extinguishment of debt and a $180 million cumulative effect of change in accounting principle in the first quarter of 2002.
Net debt, defined as total debt less cash, increased $32.7 million during the quarter from $449.7 million to $482.4 million. Uses of cash included the purchase of the assets of J.D. Cahill Co. for approximately $18.1 million, the payment of semi-annual interest of $12.9 million and the increase of working capital of $3.5 million. Capital expenditures for the quarter were $4.5 million.
Financial Information about Industry Segments, Foreign Operations and Foreign Sales
Graphic's reportable segments are based on its method of internal reporting, which is based on product category. Since 1999, Graphic has operated principally in the United States and in one reportable segment"Packaging."
|
Net Sales |
Operating Income |
Depreciation and Amortization |
Assets |
Capital Expenditures |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
(in thousands) |
|
|
||||||||||
2002 Packaging | $ | 1,057,843 | $ | 62,642 | $ | 61,165 | $ | 1,020,866 | $ | 27,706 | |||||
2001 Packaging | $ | 1,112,535 | $ | 59,854 | $ | 79,406 | $ | 1,229,335 | $ | 31,884 | |||||
2000 Packaging | $ | 1,102,590 | $ | 51,223 | $ | 83,094 | $ | 1,332,518 | $ | 30,931 | |||||
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Certain financial information regarding Graphic's domestic and foreign operations is included in the following summary. Long-lived assets include plant, property and equipment, intangible assets, and certain other non-current assets.
|
Net Sales |
Long-Lived Assets |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(in thousands) |
||||||
2002 | |||||||
United States | $ | 1,052,693 | $ | 815,854 | |||
Canada | 5,150 | 1,529 | |||||
Other | | 2,383 | |||||
Total | $ | 1,057,843 | $ | 819,766 | |||
2001 | |||||||
United States | $ | 1,109,293 | $ | 1,032,748 | |||
Canada | 3,242 | 1,736 | |||||
Other | | 2,066 | |||||
Total | $ | 1,112,535 | $ | 1,036,550 | |||
2000 | |||||||
United States | $ | 1,100,491 | $ | 1,103,411 | |||
Canada | 2,099 | 1,974 | |||||
Other | | 2,694 | |||||
Total | $ | 1,102,590 | $ | 1,108,079 | |||
Narrative Description of Business
Overview. Graphic is the leading manufacturer of folding cartons in North America according to Paperboard Packaging Magazine (January 2003). Graphic has achieved its leadership position by focusing its operations on the folding carton segment of the fiber-based product packaging industry. Graphic delivers to its customers innovative products, superior value, product variety and strong customer service at a competitive price. In addition, through its advanced technology, process improvements and plant and press optimization, Graphic believes it is the lowest cost producer of folding cartons in North America.
Graphic sells its products primarily to major consumer product manufacturers in non-cyclical industries such as food and beverage providers. In particular, its products are used in the following end-use markets:
Graphic's products enable its customers to include high-impact graphics, abrasion and heat resistance, leakage protection, microwave management, and moisture, gas and solvent barriers in their product packaging. As of March 7, 2003, Graphic operates 19 folding carton converting facilities and three research and development facilities in 14 states and Canada, and one recycled paperboard mill in Michigan, which it believes to be the lowest cost coated recycled paperboard mill in North America.
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Two of the facilities were acquired in March 2003, as discussed elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. Graphic's facilities are strategically located to best serve its largest customers.
Industry. Graphic estimates that the folding carton industry had total sales of approximately $8.6 billion in 2002, with the five largest producers accounting for more than 50% of this amount. Folding carton packaging is used to package various consumer products including pharmaceuticals, tobacco products, hardware, confectioneries, food products and beverages. Folding cartons do not include corrugated "brown boxes," which are typically used for shipping and transporting products in bulk. Folding cartons generally serve the dual purpose of protecting non-durable goods during shipping and distribution, and attracting consumer attention to the product. As printing technologies have improved, the marketing function of folding cartons has become increasingly important as consumer products companies rely more heavily on the retail promotional value of product packaging.
Folding cartons are made from several grades of paperboard. The paperboard used in folding cartons must meet specific quality and technical standards for: bending, creasing, scoring and folding without breaking or cracking; stiffness and resistance to bulging; ink absorption; and surface strength. The paperboard used in folding cartons is typically die-cut, printed and shipped flat from folding carton plants to manufacturer customers, where the cartons are then assembled and filled on production lines.
Product Research and Development. Graphic's research and development activities consist of the development of innovative technology, materials, products and processes using advanced and cost-efficient manufacturing processes. Total research and development expenditures were $4.0 million, $4.1 million and $4.7 million for 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Graphic's development staff works directly with its sales and marketing personnel in meeting with customers and pursuing new business. Graphic's development efforts include, but are not limited to, extending the shelf life of customers' products, reducing production costs, enhancing the heat-managing characteristics of food packaging and refining packaging appearance through new printing techniques and materials.
Sales and Distribution. Graphic's products are sold primarily to well-recognized consumer product manufacturers in North America. Sales are made primarily through direct sales employees who work from offices located throughout the United States and, to a lesser degree, through broker arrangements with third parties. Graphic's selling activities are supported by its technical and development staff.
Manufacturing and Raw Materials. Graphic uses a variety of raw materials such as recycled paper fiber, purchased virgin paperboard, paper, inks, aluminum foil, plastic films, plastic resins, adhesives and other materials which are available from domestic and foreign suppliers. While many sources of each of these materials are available, Graphic prefers to develop strategic long-standing alliances with vendors, including the use of multi-year supply agreements, in order to provide a guaranteed source of materials that satisfies customer requirements, while obtaining the best quality, service and price.
Graphic's folding carton converting operations are supported by its state-of-the-art coated recycled paperboard mill in Kalamazoo, Michigan. With approximately 330,000 tons of annual production capacity, the mill is the largest coated recycled paperboard facility in North America. The mill's paperboard is specifically designed to maximize throughput on high-speed web-litho presses. Graphic consumes approximately 80% of the Kalamazoo mill's output in its folding carton converting operations, and the mill is an integral part of its low cost converting strategy.
In addition to the coated recycled paperboard that is supplied to Graphic's converting operations from its own mill, Graphic converts a variety of other paperboard grades such as SBS, SUS, chipboard, uncoated recycled board, and CUK. Graphic purchases a large amount of its paperboard requirements, including additional coated recycled board, from outside vendors. Its folding carton facilities convert in excess of 700,000 tons of paperboard annually.
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Patents, Proprietary Rights and Licenses. Graphic holds a substantial number of patents and pending patent applications in the United States and in foreign countries. Its portfolio primarily consists of microwave and barrier protection packaging and manufacturing methods. The patents and processes are significant to its operations and are supported by trademarks such as Composipac® and Micro-Rite®. In addition, Graphic licenses certain technology from third parties to enhance its technical capabilities. Graphic's policy generally is to pursue patent protection that it considers necessary or advisable for the patentable inventions and technological improvements of its business and to defend its patents against third party infringement. Graphic also has significant trade secrets, technical expertise and know-how, continuing technological innovations and other means, such as confidentiality agreements with its employees, consultants and customers, to protect and enhance Graphic's competitive position within its industry.
Two examples of Graphic's technology include:
Composipac®. Graphic's Composipac® internally developed and patented technology provides finished products with high quality graphics, including metallized high gloss effects and holographic imaging, that have enhanced abrasion protection, added strength and moisture, air or other special barrier properties. This technology enables Graphic to create products that meet the specialized packaging needs of beverage, powdered detergent, soap and promotional products. This technology also provides Graphic with the unique ability to cost-effectively produce full web lamination holographic cartons.
Micro-Rite®. Graphic's Micro-Rite® microwave-active packaging provides oven-heating, browning and crisping qualities for microwave foods, and demonstrates its leadership in the development and marketing of microwave technology. This technology allows Graphic to offer controlled, predictable heating when exposed to microwave power.
Major Customers. For the year ended December 31, 2002, sales to Altria Group, Inc. accounted for approximately 20% of Graphic's gross sales. In 1999, Graphic entered into a five-year supply agreement with Altria. For the year ended December 31, 2002, Coors Brewing Company, or Coors Brewing, accounted for approximately 10% of Graphic's gross sales. In March 2003, Coors Brewing and Graphic entered into a new four-year supply agreement. General Mills, Inc. accounted for approximately 11% of Graphic's 2002 gross sales. Gross sales to Graphic's top 10 customers were approximately $716 million for 2002, or approximately 66% of its total sales.
Competition. A relatively small number of large competitors comprise a significant portion of the folding carton segment of the fiber-based packaging industry. Graphic's major U.S. competitors include Caraustar Industries, Inc., Field Container Company, L.P., Gulf States Paper Corporation, MeadWestvaco, Rock-Tenn Company and Smurfit-Stone Container Corporation.
The primary competitive factors in the folding carton industry are price, design, product innovation, quality and service. In recent years, consolidation among large consumer products companies has increased the geographic diversity of their operations. These companies have a tendency to prefer suppliers with a broad geographic presence and scale, who can more efficiently and economically supply the majority of their folding carton needs.
Environmental Matters. Graphic operates in a number of locations throughout the United States and one in Canada. Its operations are subject to extensive regulation by various federal, state, provincial and local agencies concerning compliance with environmental control statutes and regulations. These regulations impose limitations, including effluent and emission limitations, on the discharge of materials into the environment and require Graphic to obtain and operate in compliance with the conditions of permits and other governmental authorizations. As such, its operations must comply with regulations relating to emissions of regulated air contaminants, discharges of wastewater and stormwater, hazardous waste generation and associated emergency planning requirements. Future
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regulations could materially increase Graphic's capital requirements and operating expenses in future years.
In the ordinary course of business Graphic is continually upgrading and replacing equipment to comply with air quality and other environmental standards. For example, under Section 126 of the Clean Air Act, non-electrical generating units with heat input potentials exceeding certain limits are required to meet certain nitrogen oxide emission limits and must contain emission monitoring equipment. The Kalamazoo mill has one boiler that is impacted by the requirement. Improvements to the plant necessary to ensure compliance are expected to cost less than $1.0 million. The estimated capital expenditures for 2003 for these and similar environmental projects total $2.4 million.
The Environmental Protection Agency, or the EPA, has issued an integrated regulation, or the cluster rules, to control the release of air and water pollutants by the pulp and paper industry. The cluster rules contain various technology-based process air and water standards depending on the type of paper making process used (Graphic's Kalamazoo mill is a non de-inking secondary fiber mill). Pursuant to the cluster rules' air rules for secondary fiber mills, no controls are warranted at this time. Regarding the water rules, the best available technology requirements for wastewater emissions from the secondary fiber non de-inking industry fall under Phase II of the rulemaking process. On August 27, 2002, the EPA finalized the decision not to pursue changes in the effluent limitations guidelines (under Phase II) for secondary fiber non de-inking mills.
Graphic has been notified that it may be a potentially responsible party under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 or similar laws with respect to the remediation of certain sites where hazardous substances have been released into the environment. Graphic cannot predict with certainty the total costs of remediation, its share of the total costs, the extent to which contributions will be available from other parties, the amount of time necessary to complete the remediation or the availability of insurance. However, based on the investigations to date, Graphic believes that any liability with respect to these sites would not be material to its financial position or the results of its operations, without consideration for insurance recoveries. There can be no certainty, however, that Graphic will not be named as a potentially responsible party at additional sites or be subject to other environmental matters in the future or that the costs associated with those additional sites or matters would not be material.
In addition, Graphic has received demands arising out of alleged contamination of various properties currently or formerly owned by it. Graphic believes that none of these claims will result in liability that would materially affect its financial position or results of operations.
Employees
At December 31, 2002, Graphic had approximately 4,200 full-time employees, of which approximately 33% are represented by labor unions. Graphic considers its employee relations to be satisfactory.
PROPERTIES
Graphic believes that its facilities are well maintained and suitable for their respective operations. Graphic's operating facilities are not constrained by capacity issues although, from time to time, it leases additional warehouse space and sales offices throughout North America on an as needed basis. Graphic's senior secured credit facility, discussed in note 5 to Graphic's consolidated financial statements included in this proxy statement/prospectus, is collateralized by first priority liens on all
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material assets of Graphic, including all the domestic properties that it owns. The table below lists Graphic's plants and most other physical properties and their locations and general character:
Location |
Facility |
Character |
||
---|---|---|---|---|
Bow, New Hampshire |
Manufacturing |
Converting Operations/Offices |
||
Centralia, Illinois(2)(3) | Manufacturing | Converting Operations | ||
Charlotte, North Carolina | Manufacturing | Converting Operations | ||
Fort Smith, Arkansas | Manufacturing | Converting Operations | ||
Garden Grove, California | Manufacturing | Converting Operations | ||
Golden, Colorado | Manufacturing/ Company Headquarters |
Converting Operations/ Research and Development Office/Administration |
||
Gordonsville, Tennessee | Manufacturing | Converting Operations | ||
Kalamazoo, Michigan | Manufacturing | Converting Operations | ||
Kalamazoo, Michigan | Manufacturing | Paperboard Mill | ||
Kendallville, Indiana | Manufacturing | Converting Operations | ||
Lawrenceburg, Tennessee | Manufacturing | Converting Operations | ||
Lumberton, North Carolina | Manufacturing | Converting Operations | ||
Menasha, Wisconsin | Manufacturing | Converting Operations/ Research and Development |
||
Mississauga, Ontario(1) | Manufacturing | Converting Operations/ Research and Development |
||
Mitchell, South Dakota | Manufacturing | Converting Operations | ||
Portland, Oregon | Manufacturing | Converting Operations | ||
Richmond, Virginia | Manufacturing | Converting Operations | ||
Tuscaloosa, Alabama(3) | Manufacturing | Converting Operations | ||
Wausau, Wisconsin | Manufacturing | Converting Operations |
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
In the ordinary course of business, Graphic is subject to various pending claims, lawsuits and contingent liabilities, including claims by current or former employees. In each of these cases, Graphic is vigorously defending against them. Although the eventual outcome cannot be predicted, Graphic does not believe that disposition of these matters will have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
On April 2, 2003, two separate lawsuits were filed in the District Court of Jefferson County in Colorado on behalf of purported classes of Graphic's stockholders against Graphic, Graphic's directors and Riverwood, alleging that Graphic's directors breached their fiduciary duties to the stockholders of Graphic in connection with the merger and that Riverwood aided and abetted the alleged breach. The complaints, which are encaptioned Robert F. Smith, On Behalf of Himself and All Others Similarly Situated v. Jeffrey H. Coors, et al., and Harold Lightweis, On Behalf of Himself and All Others Similarly Situated v. Jeffrey H. Coors, et al., and which Riverwood and Graphic believe to be without merit, seek damages and to enjoin the merger.
On February 19, 2002, Chinyun Kim filed a putative class action claim in District Court, Jefferson County, Colorado against Graphic and certain of its stockholders and directors alleging breach of fiduciary duty in connection with the issuance on August 15, 2000, of the convertible preferred stock to the Trust. The court dismissed plaintiff's claim against Graphic for breach of fiduciary duty while allowing the plaintiff to proceed against the named directors and stockholders, including the Trust and
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certain other Coors family trusts. Currently, discovery is being conducted. Graphic believes that the transaction was in the best interests of Graphic and its stockholders and that it acted appropriately. Graphic intends to continue to provide a vigorous defense to this action on behalf of the named directors.
In connection with the resale of its aluminum business in 1999, Graphic guaranteed accounts receivable owed by the former owner of the business. After the resale, the former owner refused to pay the amounts owed, equal to $2.4 million. Pursuant to the terms of the resale agreement, Graphic paid this amount and sued the former owner in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado on April 18, 2000. The former owner counterclaimed for an additional $11 million for certain spare parts, and Graphic claimed an additional $14.3 million in overpayment for raw materials to run the business prior to resale. The parties have filed motions for summary judgment. Graphic does not believe that the result of this litigation will have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
On April 14, 2000, Lemelson Medical, Education & Research Foundation sued Graphic and 75 other defendants in the United States District Court for the District of Arizona for unspecified damages for alleged infringement of certain patents relating to "machine vision" and "automatic identification." This is one of a series of cases brought against 430 defendants and has been stayed pending a determination of a lawsuit for noninfringement brought by equipment manufacturers which utilize the technology. Graphic believes, based upon the advice of counsel, that the Lemelson patents are invalid and therefore the litigation against it will not have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Introduction
The following discussion and analysis of the results of operations and financial condition of Graphic should be read in conjunction with Graphic's consolidated financial statements and notes included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. The following discussion and analysis covers periods before completion of the merger and related transactions, and unless otherwise indicated, does not give effect to the merger or related transactions and does not include pro forma financial information or adjustments. Accordingly, the discussion and analysis of the covered periods does not reflect the significant impact that the merger and related transactions will have on Graphic. See "Risk Factors", "The Proposed Merger", "Unaudited Condensed Pro Forma Combined Financial Statements" and the discussion under "Information About RiverwoodManagement's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsFinancial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources".
Overview
Graphic is the leading manufacturer of folding cartons in North America according to Paperboard Packaging Magazine (January 2003). It has achieved its leadership position by focusing its operations on the folding carton segment of the fiber-based product packaging industry. Graphic's business strategy is to maintain and improve its customer relationships and market leadership, while leveraging its low cost position.
Graphic was incorporated in Colorado in August 1992 as a holding company for the packaging, ceramics, aluminum and developmental businesses formerly owned by ACCo. In December 1992, ACCo distributed to its stockholders all outstanding shares of Graphic's stock. During its initial years, Graphic operated packaging, ceramics, aluminum and various developmental businesses. Through various acquisitions and divestitures, a spin-off and other transactions, it is now strategically focused on the folding carton segment of the fiber-based product packaging industry.
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Segment Information. Graphic's reportable segments are based on its method of internal reporting, which is based on product category. Since 1999, it has operated principally in the United States and in one reportable segment.
Factors That Impact Graphic's Business
Sales. Graphic sells its products primarily to major consumer product manufacturers in traditionally non-cyclical industries, such as food and beverage providers. Sales are driven primarily by consumer buying habits in the markets Graphic's customers serve. Recent economic conditions in the United States have had a significant impact on consumer buying, even in non-cyclical industries. New product introductions and promotional activity by its customers, and its introduction of innovative packaging solutions, also impact Graphic's sales.
Graphic's products are used primarily in the following end-use markets:
Graphic markets its products directly to its customers through a relatively small internal sales force. Graphic's top 20 customers represented approximately 81% of its gross sales in 2002. Its competition includes other large national folding carton companies, as well as numerous smaller regional companies. Its primary competitors include: Caraustar Industries, Inc., Field Container Company, L.P., Gulf States Paper Corporation, MeadWestvaco, Rock-Tenn Company and Smurfit-Stone Container Corporation. Graphic works to maintain its market share through efficiency, innovation and strategic sourcing to its customers.
In addition, Graphic believes that it has the opportunity to expand the folding carton market by developing new products that can replace other types of packaging. Graphic's research and development organization is closely involved with its customers in the development of new packaging alternatives.
Cost of Goods Sold. Graphic's cost of goods sold consists primarily of recycled paper fiber, purchased paperboard, paper aluminum foil, ink, plastic films and resins and labor, which are all variable cost components. Energy is also a component of its costs, particularly for its Kalamazoo, Michigan recycled paperboard mill, where energy represents approximately 12% of cost of goods sold. Variable costs are estimated to be 78% and fixed costs to be 22% of total cost of goods sold in 2002.
In light of increasing margin pressure throughout its industry, Graphic has aggressively reduced costs. It has controlled costs in its converting facilities by coordinating and determining the optimal configuration of equipment among its facilities. A substantial portion of its production is centrally planned and can be allocated among different plants in the system in order to take advantage of equipment optimization, capacity scheduling, staffing and freight. Graphic's ability to work as an integrated business, as opposed to different units, has given it opportunities to reduce production overhead costs and to take advantage of economies of scale in purchasing, customer service, freight and other areas common to all of its facilities. It has adopted a company-wide Six Sigma process to reduce its variable manufacturing costs. The term "Six Sigma" refers to a measure of business capability. A company that performs at a Six Sigma level has demonstrated one of the following:
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To achieve Six Sigma, Graphic identifies and addresses the cost of poor quality in both the manufacturing and transactional processes through a disciplined project methodology (Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) executed by skilled project leaders called Black Belts and Green Belts. Graphic currently has 25 dedicated and numerous shared resources focused on achieving its Six Sigma objectives.
Graphic has also taken steps to reduce its fixed manufacturing and corporate overhead costs, consisting of selling, general and administrative costs. In addition to closing plants and moving equipment and business to other facilities, it has also undertaken downsizing initiatives to reduce fixed personnel costs and is using the Six Sigma program to make its non-production business processes more cost effective.
Results of Operations
Year Ended December 31, 2002 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2001 and Year Ended December 31, 2001 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2000.
Net Sales
Graphic's net sales for 2002 totaled $1,057.8 million, a 5% decrease from 2001 net sales of $1,112.5 million. Net sales for 2001 were nominally greater than sales for 2000. However, if the sales from Graphic's Malvern plant that was sold in the fourth quarter of 2000 are subtracted from 2000 sales, its 2001 improvement year-to-year is approximately 4%. Increased sales in 2001 were primarily the result of increased sales of promotional packaging to existing customers in the first three quarters of the year. The fourth quarter of 2001 began a general decline in the nation's economy, which had a negative impact on the business of Graphic's customers well into 2002. This, in turn, reduced sales orders for packaging and negatively impacted its sales in 2002.
Sales for the year ended December 31, 2002 to Coors Brewing totaled $111.0 million, a decrease of 10% over sales for 2001. Sales for the year ended December 31, 2001 to Coors Brewing totaled $122.8 million, an increase of $10.6 million, or 9%, over sales for 2000. The brewery's orders from Graphic depend upon the brewery's sales results in products for which Graphic provides packaging.
Graphic's business is largely within the United States. It had sales to customers outside the United States, primarily in Canada, which accounted for 0.5%, 0.3% and 0.2% of net sales during 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Gross Profit
Consolidated gross profit was 12.0%, 13.7% and 12.6% of net sales in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The industry has experienced over capacity issues which, when coupled with general downturns in the economy, create pressure to reduce prices and lower sales volume. The improved profit margins in 2001 were attributable to cost reduction through plant closings, reductions in work force and Six Sigma projects company-wide that have reduced costs and increased productivity. Graphic continued its cost reduction efforts in 2002, but cost savings were more than offset by lower absorption of fixed costs due to lower sales and the following:
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Future improvements in gross profit will depend upon management's ability to improve cost efficiencies and to maintain profitable, long-term customer relationships.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses, excluding goodwill amortization and asset impairment and restructuring costs, were 6.1%, 5.7% and 5.5% of net sales in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The increasing trend is attributable to increased information technology expense of $2.1 million in 2002, largely due to the increased spending for Graphic's new ERP manufacturing system, of which $1.3 million related to depreciation of this system.
Asset Impairment and Restructuring Charges
Graphic has recorded asset impairment and restructuring charges totaling $8.9 million and $5.6 million in 2001 and 2000, respectively. In addition, asset impairment and restructuring reserves of $7.8 million related to the Perrysburg, Ohio plant closure were recorded in 2000 as a cost of the acquisition of Fort James Corporation's folding carton operations. Graphic reviews the relative cost effectiveness of its assets, including plant facilities and equipment, and the allocation of human resources across all functions while integrating acquisitions and responding to pressures on margins from industry conditions. As a result, Graphic has closed plants and downsized its workforce with the ultimate goal of maximizing its profits and optimizing its resources.
Asset Impairment Charges
2001: Graphic recorded an asset impairment charge of $3.5 million in the fourth quarter of 2001 in conjunction with the announcement of the planned closure of the Newnan, Georgia plant, a plant that was more expensive to operate than other plants in its system and produced margins below Graphic's expectations. Graphic shut down the plant's operations during 2002 and plans to sell the plant's building and land. The net book value of the Newnan building and land was approximately $1.7 million at December 31, 2002. The plant's business has been transferred to other plants in Graphic's system.
Graphic recorded an asset impairment charge of $1.5 million in the first quarter of 2001 related to its Saratoga Springs, New York building. Operations of the Saratoga Springs plant were transferred to Graphic's other manufacturing locations and the building and real property were sold in June 2001 for cash proceeds of $3.4 million. No gain or loss was recognized on the June 2001 sale.
2000: Graphic announced the planned closure of its Perrysburg, Ohio folding carton plant in the second quarter of 2000. The Perrysburg plant was part of Fort James Corporation's folding carton operations and was eliminated due to excess capacity. The shutdown and restructuring plan for the Perrysburg facility included asset impairments totaling $6.5 million, which were recorded in the second quarter of 2000 as a cost of the acquisition, with a resultant adjustment to goodwill. Graphic completed the closure of the plant and transition of the plant's business to its other facilities by the end of 2000. On July 11, 2001, the remaining real estate was sold for cash proceeds of approximately $1.9 million. No gain or loss was recognized on the sale.
Restructuring Charges
2001: In connection with the announced closure of the Newnan, Georgia plant discussed above, Graphic recorded restructuring charges totaling $2.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2001. The charges relate to severance packages for 105 plant personnel that were communicated to employees in December 2001. The Newnan restructuring plan was essentially complete by the end of 2002, with approximately $0.5 million of severance and other restructuring payments left to be made in 2003.
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2000: In December 2000, Graphic announced a restructuring plan to reduce fixed-cost personnel. The plan included the elimination of approximately 200 non-production positions, including the closure of its folding carton plant in Portland, Oregon, and offered severance packages in accordance with Graphic's policies. The total cost of the reduction in force was $5.0 million, of which $3.0 million was recognized in the fourth quarter of 2000 results. The remaining cost of approximately $2.0 million was recognized in the first half of 2001 when severance packages were communicated to employees. The restructuring plan is complete at December 31, 2002.
In connection with the announced closure of the Perrysburg, Ohio plant, restructuring reserves were recorded totaling approximately $1.3 million in the second quarter of 2000. The reserves related to the severance of approximately 100 production positions and other plant closing costs. Consistent with the asset impairments related to the Perrysburg closure, the restructuring costs were accounted for as a cost of the acquisition of Fort James Corporation's folding carton operations with a resultant adjustment to goodwill. At December 31, 2002, all the restructuring charges have been paid relating to the Perrysburg closure.
Graphic recorded a restructuring charge of $3.4 million in the first quarter of 2000 for anticipated severance costs for approximately 185 employees as a result of the announced closure of the Saratoga Springs, New York plant. Graphic has completed the closure of the Saratoga Springs plant and the transition of the plant's business to other facilities. In the first quarter of 2001, Graphic reversed approximately $0.5 million of severance accruals which were not needed related to the Saratoga Springs facility shutdown to complete the Saratoga Springs restructuring plan. All of the remaining restructuring costs have been paid as of December 31, 2002.
A 1999 plant rationalization plan included severance and related charges, primarily at the Lawrenceburg, Tennessee manufacturing plant. However, customer needs in Golden, Colorado and Lawrenceburg, coupled with the timing of the transition of business to Graphic's new Golden, Colorado facility, impacted the completion of the restructuring and resulted in the savings of approximately $800 thousand of anticipated restructuring costs. The 2000 restructuring expense is net of this $800 thousand benefit.
The following table summarizes accruals related to Graphic's restructurings (in millions):
|
1999 Plant Rationalization Plan |
2000 S. Springs Plant Closure |
2000 Perrysburg Plant Closure |
2000/2001 Reduction In Force |
2001 Newnan Plant Closure |
Totals |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balance, December 31, 1999 | $ | 1.9 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 1.9 | |||||||
2000 restructuring charges, net of reversals | (0.8 | ) | 3.4 | | 3.0 | | 5.6 | ||||||||||||
2000 restructuringPerrysburg | | | 1.3 | | | 1.3 | |||||||||||||
Cash paid | (1.0 | ) | (2.0 | ) | (0.7 | ) | (0.1 | ) | | (3.8 | ) | ||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2000 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 2.9 | | 5.0 | |||||||||||||
2001 restructuring charges, net of reversals | | (0.5 | ) | | 2.0 | 2.4 | 3.9 | ||||||||||||
Transfer of enhanced benefits to pension liabilities | | | | (2.2 | ) | | (2.2 | ) | |||||||||||
Cash paid | (0.1 | ) | (0.8 | ) | (0.6 | ) | (2.5 | ) | | (4.0 | ) | ||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2001 | | 0.1 | | 0.2 | 2.4 | 2.7 | |||||||||||||
Cash paid | | (0.1 | ) | | (0.2 | ) | (1.9 | ) | (2.2 | ) | |||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2002 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 0.5 | $ | 0.5 | |||||||
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Operating Income
Consolidated operating income for 2002 was $62.6 million, an increase of $2.8 million, or 5% over 2001. Consolidated operating income for 2001 was $59.9 million, an increase of $8.7 million, or 17%, over operating income for 2000. If goodwill amortization and asset impairment and restructuring charges are excluded from 2001 operating income, Graphic experienced a 30% drop in operating income in 2002. As discussed above, lower sales, fiber prices and the Kalamazoo labor dispute contributed to a decline in profitability.
Gain from Sale of Businesses and Other Assets
Graphic disposed of several non-core assets during 2001 and 2000, for which the following pre-tax gains were recognized:
|
Intangible Assets |
||
---|---|---|---|
|
(in thousands) |
||
2001: | |||
Cash proceeds | $ | 3,650 | |
Net book value | | ||
Gain recognized | $ | 3,650 | |
|
Malvern Plant |
Intangible Assets |
Other Long-lived Assets |
Total |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
(in thousands) |
|
||||||||||
2000: | |||||||||||||
Cash proceeds | $ | 35,000 | $ | 5,407 | $ | 2,600 | $ | 43,007 | |||||
Net book value | (23,635 | ) | | (200 | ) | (23,835 | ) | ||||||
Gain recognized | $ | 11,365 | $ | 5,407 | $ | 2,400 | $ | 19,172 | |||||
Interest Expense
Interest expense for 2002, 2001 and 2000 was $44.6 million, $52.8 million and $82.1 million, respectively. The decrease reflects lower debt levels, lower market interest rates, and improvements in our interest rate spreads due to reductions in leverage. Graphic capitalized interest of $0.3 million, $1.8 million and $1.1 million in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Capitalized interest primarily related to the construction of the Golden, Colorado facility and the new enterprise resource planning system in 2001 and 2000. In accordance with its credit agreement and its interest rate risk-management policies, Graphic had contracts in place at December 31, 2001 to hedge the interest rates on its variable rate borrowings. In 2002 and 2001, Graphic incurred interest expense of $6.8 million and $4.8 million, respectively, related to these contracts, and in 2000 it incurred $0.3 million less interest expense as a result of these contracts. Graphic had no interest rate contracts in place at December 31, 2002. Interest expense also includes amortization of debt issuance costs of $3.1 million, $7.8 million and $8.9 million in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
See "Liquidity and Capital Resources" on page 139.
Income Taxes
Graphic's consolidated effective tax rate in 2001 and 2000 was 40%, compared to 39% in 2002. Increases in state income tax rates may slightly increase its overall effective tax rate in 2003.
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Related Party Transactions
On December 28, 1992, Graphic was spun off from ACCo and since that time ACCo has had no ownership interest in the company. However, certain Coors family trusts have significant interests in both Graphic and ACCo. Graphic has also entered into various business arrangements with the Coors family trusts and related entities from time-to-time since the spin-off. Graphic's policy is to negotiate market prices and competitive terms with all third parties, including related parties.
The company originated as the packaging division of Coors Brewing, a subsidiary of ACCo. Graphic supplied the brewery's packaging needs at the time. At the time of spin-off from ACCo, Graphic entered into agreements with Coors Brewing for the sale of packaging and other products in order to continue to supply their packaging needs. The initial agreements had a stated term of five years and have resulted in substantial revenues for Graphic. Graphic continues to sell packaging products to Coors Brewing. Coors Brewing accounted for approximately 10%, 11% and 10% of Graphic's consolidated gross sales for 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The loss of Coors Brewing as a customer in the foreseeable future could have a material effect on Graphic's results of operations. In March 2003, Coors Brewing and Graphic entered into a new four-year supply agreement.
One of Graphic's subsidiaries, Golden Equities, Inc., is the general partner in a limited partnership in which Coors Brewing is the limited partner. The partnership owns, develops, operates and sells certain real estate previously owned directly by Coors Brewing or ACCo. Distributions were allocated equally between the partners until late 1999 when Coors Brewing recovered its investment. Thereafter, distributions were made 80 percent to Graphic as the general partner and 20 percent to Coors Brewing. Distributions in 2002 were $2.0 million to Graphic and $0.5 million to Coors Brewing. No distributions were made in 2001. Distributions in 2000 were approximately $0.8 million to Coors Brewing and $3.2 million to Graphic. Coors Brewing's share of the partnership net assets at December 31, 2002 and 2001 was $3.9 million and $4.4 million, respectively, and is reflected as minority interest on Graphic's consolidated balance sheet. Coors Brewing's allocated share of the partnership's profit was $0 in 2002, 2001 and 2000.
On December 31, 1999, Graphic spun off its ceramics subsidiary, CoorsTek, Inc., which was in keeping with its goal to become solely a paperboard packaging company. In connection with the spin-off, Graphic and CoorsTek entered into contracts governing certain relationships between them following the spin-off, including a tax-sharing agreement, a transitional services agreement and certain other agreements. See further discussion of the tax-sharing agreement in Note 8 to Graphic's consolidated financial statements included in this proxy statement/prospectus.
On March 31, 2000, Graphic sold the net assets of its GTC Nutrition subsidiary to an entity controlled by a member of the Coors family for approximately $0.7 million. GTC Nutrition was a non-core asset that was not strategically in line with Graphic's packaging focus. No gain or loss was recognized as a result of the sale.
In August 2000, Graphic issued $100.0 million of convertible preferred stock to the Trust. Proceeds were used to fund principal amortization on Graphic's debt due in August 2000. See further discussion of the convertible preferred stock in Note 13 to Graphic's consolidated financial statements included in this proxy statement/prospectus.
In August 2001, Graphic completed a $50.0 million private placement of 10% subordinated unsecured notes. The purchaser of the notes was Golden Heritage, LLC, a company owned by several Coors family trusts and a related party. Proceeds were used to fund principal amortization on Graphic's debt due in August 2001. On February 28, 2002, Graphic repaid the notes in connection with certain refinancing transactions discussed in Note 5 to Graphic's consolidated financial statements included in this proxy statement/prospectus.
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In September 2002, Graphic entered into a warehouse sublease with Rocky Mountain Bottle Company, a partnership partially owned by Coors Brewing Company. The Golden, Colorado facility uses this warehouse space. Annual rent under the sublease is approximately $100 thousand. The sublease term expires in July 2006.
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
Graphic enters into off balance sheet arrangements from time-to-time as business needs arise for which permanent commitments of capital and obligations are not desired. Following is a discussion of its off balance sheet arrangements.
KVG Partnership. Graphic is a partner in the Kalamazoo Valley Group, or KVG, a Michigan partnership formed to develop and operate a landfill for the partners' disposal of paper residuals from their respective paperboard mills. KVG borrowed $1.5 million for the construction of the landfill, of which approximately $500 thousand remains unpaid at December 31, 2002. The partners contribute capital annually to meet the partnership's operating losses. Graphic's annual contribution for the past two years has been approximately $200 thousand. The landfill has been in operation since December 1997; however, since 2000, two of the other partners have closed their paperboard mills and one minority partner has left the partnership via bankruptcy court. Graphic is evaluating its alternatives and liabilities under the partnership agreement and related note, while continuing to use the landfill. However, if the partnership were to close the landfill, Graphic's share of estimated closing costs, perpetual care obligations and debt repayment would approximate $2.5 million under the terms of the partnership agreement. Graphic accounts for its interest in KVG using the equity method. Graphic's investment balance at December 31, 2002 was $0.3 million.
Operating Leases. Graphic leases a variety of facilities, warehouses, offices, equipment and vehicles under operating lease agreements that expire in various years. Operating lease rentals for warehouse, production, office facilities and equipment amounted to $4.0 million in 2002, $3.3 million in 2001, and $3.1 million in 2000.
Energy Contracts. Graphic periodically purchases energy contracts for natural gas and/or fuel oil at its Kalamazoo paperboard mill, in order to control the cost of power at the plant. It had $6.3 million of natural gas purchase commitments open at December 31, 2002.
Aggregate Contractual Obligations
The following are material contractual obligations as of December 31, 2002 (in thousands):
|
Payments Due By Period |
|||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Total |
Less than 1 year |
1-3 years |
3-5 years |
Greater than 5 years |
|||||||||||
Long-term debt obligations: | ||||||||||||||||
Term loan | $ | 173,250 | $ | 1,750 | $ | 5,250 | $ | 5,250 | $ | 161,000 | ||||||
Senior subordinated notes | 300,000 | | | | 300,000 | |||||||||||
Various notes payable | 5,081 | 1,682 | 2,481 | | 918 | |||||||||||
Operating leases | 8,261 | 3,612 | 4,607 | 42 | | |||||||||||
Energy contracts | 6,287 | 6,287 | | | |
Contingent Obligations
It is Graphic's policy generally to act as a self-insurer for certain insurable risks consisting primarily of employee health insurance programs. With respect to workers' compensation, Graphic uses a variety of fully or partially self-funded insurance vehicles. It maintains certain stop-loss and excess insurance policies that reduce overall risk of financial loss.
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In the ordinary course of business, Graphic is subject to various pending claims, lawsuits and contingent liabilities, including claims by current or former employees. In each of these cases, it is vigorously defending against them. Although the eventual outcome cannot be predicted, it is management's opinion that disposition of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. (See further discussions in "Information About GraphicLegal Proceedings" on page 127.
Some of Graphic's operations have been notified that they may be potentially responsible parties under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 or similar state laws with respect to the remediation of certain sites where hazardous substances have been released into the environment. Graphic cannot predict with certainty the total costs of remediation, its share of the total costs, the extent to which contributions will be available from other parties, the amount of time necessary to complete the remediation or the availability of insurance. However, based on the investigations to date, Graphic believes that any liability with respect to these sites would not be material to the financial condition, results of operations or cash flow of Graphic, without consideration for insurance recoveries. There can be no certainty, however, that Graphic will not be named as a potentially responsible party at additional sites or be subject to other environmental matters in the future or that the costs associated with those additional sites or matters would not be material.
In connection with the sale of various businesses, Graphic has periodically agreed to guarantee the collectibility of accounts receivable and indemnify purchasers for certain liabilities for a specified period of time. Such liabilities include, but are not limited to, environmental matters and the indemnification periods generally last for 2 to 15 years. Graphic has recorded total indemnification liabilities of approximately $3.0 million at December 31, 2002.
In connection with the resale of the aluminum business in 1999, Graphic guaranteed accounts receivable owed by the former owner of these assets. After the resale, the former owner refused to pay the amounts owed, $2.4 million. Pursuant to the terms of the resale agreement, Graphic paid this amount and sued the former owner. The $2.4 million is reflected as a receivable on Graphic's Consolidated Balance Sheet. The former owner counterclaimed for an additional $11.0 million for certain spare parts and Graphic claimed an additional $14.3 million in overpayment for raw materials to run the business prior to resale. The parties have filed motions for summary judgment. Graphic does not believe that the result of this litigation will have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Critical Accounting Policies
Graphic's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based upon its consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires Graphic to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Graphic bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
On an on-going basis, Graphic evaluates the continued appropriateness of its accounting policies and resulting estimates, including those related to:
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product manufacturers with strong credit histories, Graphic's receivables average over 80% current. At the end of December 2002, its top 20 customers, representing 81% of its sales, were 84% current on their accounts.
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occurred and the amount of loss is reasonably estimable. At this time, counsel has advised that Graphic has no impending risk of loss on its legal proceedings.
New Accounting Standards
Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation, or FIN, No. 46, "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities," was issued in January 2003. FIN No. 46 defines a variable interest entity as a legal entity in which, among other things, the equity investments at risk are not sufficient to finance the operating and closing activities of the entity without additional subordinated financial support from the entity's investors. Graphic is a partner in the KVG partnership, which qualifies as a variable interest entity, as defined by FIN No. 46. KVG is a partnership formed to develop and operate a landfill for the partners' disposal of paper residuals from their respective paperboard mills. KVG borrowed $1.5 million for the construction of the landfill, of which approximately $500 thousand remains unpaid at December 31, 2002. The partners contribute capital annually to meet the partnership's operating losses. Graphic's annual contribution for the past two years has been approximately $200 thousand. The landfill has been in operation since December 1997; however, since 2000, two of the other partners have closed their paperboard mills and one minority partner has left the partnership via bankruptcy court. Graphic is evaluating its alternatives and liabilities under the partnership agreement and related note, while continuing to use the landfill. However, if the partnership were to close the landfill, Graphic's share of estimated closing costs, perpetual care obligations and debt repayment would approximate $2.5 million under the terms of the partnership agreement. Graphic accounts for its interest in KVG using the equity method. The investment balance at December 31, 2002 was $0.3 million. Management is also evaluating its accounting method in light of the new requirements under FIN No. 46, and may conclude that its interest in KVG should be consolidated into its accounts. FIN No. 46 is effective for Graphic's 2003 third quarter.
FIN No. 45, "Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others," was issued in November 2002. This interpretation elaborates on the disclosures to be made by a guarantor in its financial statements about its obligations under certain guarantees that it has issued. FIN No. 45 also clarifies that a guarantor is required to recognize, at inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. The initial recognition and initial measurement provisions of FIN 45 are applicable on a prospective basis to guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002. The disclosure requirements in the interpretation are effective for Graphic in 2002. Graphic has included
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the disclosures required by this interpretation in note 15 to Graphic's consolidated financial statements included in this proxy statement/prospectus.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations," was issued in 2001. SFAS No. 143 requires the recognition of a liability and offsetting asset for any legal obligation associated with the retirement of long-lived assets. The asset retirement cost is depreciated over the life of the related asset. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2002. Management does not believe SFAS No. 143 will have a significant effect on Graphic.
SFAS No. 145, "Rescission of FASB Statements No. 4, 44, and 64, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical Corrections," was issued on April 30, 2002. SFAS No. 145 includes, among other things, the rescission of SFAS No. 4, which required that gains and losses from early extinguishment of debt be classified as extraordinary items, net of related income tax effects. Under the new guidance of SFAS No. 145, losses from early extinguishment of debt will be classified as extraordinary items when the losses are considered unusual in nature and infrequent in occurrence. SFAS No. 145 became effective for Graphic on January 1, 2003, at which time Graphic reclassified its first quarter 2002 loss on early extinguishment of debt as a non-extraordinary item.
SFAS No. 146, "Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities," was issued on July 30, 2002. SFAS No. 146 will require companies to recognize costs associated with exit or disposal activities when they are incurred rather than at the date of a commitment to an exit or disposal plan. SFAS No. 146 became effective for Graphic on January 1, 2003. While SFAS No. 146 had no effect on its historical financial results, costs associated with any future restructuring efforts will be accrued as those costs are incurred.
SFAS No. 148, "Accounting for Stock-Based CompensationTransition and Disclosure," was issued in December 2002. The statement amends SFAS No. 123 to provide alternative methods of transition for voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. In addition, SFAS No. 148 amends the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123 to require prominent disclosures in financial statements about the method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation and the effect of the method used on reported results. SFAS No. 148 improves the prominence and clarity of the pro forma disclosures required by SFAS No. 123 by prescribing a specific tabular format and by requiring disclosure in the "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" or its equivalent. In addition, SFAS No. 148 improves the timeliness of those disclosures by requiring their inclusion in financial reports for interim periods. SFAS No. 148 is effective for financial statements for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2002. Adoption of this statement resulted in moving footnote disclosures into the accounting policies footnote, but had no impact on Graphic's consolidated financial statements.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following discussion of Graphic's liquidity and capital resources does not give effect to the merger or related transactions and does not include pro forma financial information or adjustments. See "Information About RiverwoodManagement's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsFinancial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources" for a discussion of Riverwood's and Graphic's expectations regarding the financial condition, liquidity and capital resources of the combined company following the completion of the merger and related transactions on page 109.
Graphic generates its liquidity from both internal and external sources and use it to fund its short-term working capital needs, capital expenditures (estimated to be $42 million in 2003), preferred stock dividends and acquisitions.
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On February 28, 2002, Graphic refinanced its then existing senior bank credit facility with a private placement of $300.0 million senior subordinated notes, carrying interest at 85/8%, payable semi-annually and due in 2012, and a new $450.0 million senior bank credit facility. This refinancing provided the financial flexibility to consider acquisitions and converted a significant amount of its borrowings into long-term borrowings. Graphic collectively refers to these transactions as the Graphic refinancing transactions.
It used the net proceeds from the Graphic refinancing transactions to repay its then existing bank debt, to repurchase its then existing $50.0 million of subordinated notes at par, and to pay related interest, fees and expenses.
In connection with the Graphic refinancing transactions, Graphic incurred a non-cash charge to write off its remaining unamortized debt issuance costs. These costs amounted to $15.8 million before taxes at February 28, 2002.
Pursuant to its then existing senior bank credit agreement, on August 15, 2001, Graphic completed a $50.0 million private placement of subordinated unsecured notes, which are included in long-term debt at December 31, 2001. These subordinated notes accrued interest at 10% per annum and were to mature August 15, 2008. The proceeds of the subordinated notes were used to repay the remaining balance on a one-year term note due August 15, 2001, and to pay down indebtedness under its five-year senior bank credit facility. By issuing the subordinated debt, Graphic avoided an additional interest rate spread of 75 basis points on its then existing senior bank credit facility and a fee of $750 thousand to those senior lenders. As discussed above, Graphic repurchased the notes at par concurrently with the closing of the Graphic refinancing transactions.
Graphic intends to fund future working capital needs, capital expenditures, preferred stock dividends and acquisitions through cash flow generated from operations and borrowings under its senior bank credit facility. GPC is the borrower under the senior bank credit facility and the senior subordinated notes, and Graphic has guaranteed the loans. The senior bank credit facility consists of a $275.0 million, five-year revolving credit facility, or the revolver, and a $175.0 million, seven-year term loan, or the term loan. The revolver bears interest at LIBOR plus a spread tied to Graphic's leverage, with a single principal payment due at maturity. At March 7, 2003, the revolver's interest rate was 3.34%. The term loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 275 basis points, with principal amortization of 1% a year and the balance due at maturity. At March 7, 2003, the term loan's interest rate was 4.09%. The facilities must also be prepaid with an annual cash flow recapture calculation, and with certain proceeds from asset sales, and debt or equity offerings. The senior bank credit facility is secured by all of Graphic's, GPC's and Graphic's domestic subsidiaries' material assets. The facility is collateralized by first priority liens on all material assets of GPC and all of Graphic's other domestic subsidiaries. The facility limits Graphic's ability to pay dividends other than permitted dividends on the convertible preferred stock, and imposes limitations on the incurrence of additional debt, acquisitions, capital expenditures, repurchase of Graphic stock and the sale of assets.
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Graphic's borrowings consist of the following (in thousands):
|
December 31, 2002 |
December 31, 2001 |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seven-year term loan due 2009 (variable interest rate at 4.17%) | $ | 173,250 | $ | | ||
Five-year revolving credit facility due 2007 (variable interest rate at 3.42%) | | | ||||
85/8% Senior subordinated notes due 2012 | 300,000 | | ||||
Five-year term facility, refinanced in 2002 (variable interest rate at 4.18%) | | 247,035 | ||||
Revolving credit facility, refinanced in 2002 (variable interest rate at 4.18%) | | 222,750 | ||||
10% Subordinated notes, refinanced in 2002 | | 50,000 | ||||
Various notes payable(1) | 5,081 | 5,974 | ||||
Total | 478,331 | 525,759 | ||||
Less current maturities | 3,432 | 37,373 | ||||
Long-term maturities | $ | 474,899 | $ | 488,386 | ||
At December 31, 2002, Graphic's maturities of long-term debt are as follows (in thousands):
2003 | $ | 3,432 | |
2004 | 1,933 | ||
2005 | 1,941 | ||
2006 | 3,857 | ||
2007 | 1,750 | ||
Thereafter | 465,418 | ||
$ | 478,331 | ||
Graphic maintains an interest rate risk-management strategy that uses derivative instruments to minimize significant, unanticipated earnings fluctuations that may arise from volatility in interest rates. Graphic's specific goals are to (1) manage interest rate sensitivity by modifying the re-pricing or maturity characteristics of some of its debt and (2) lower (where possible) the cost of its borrowed funds. In accordance with the terms of its then existing credit agreement and its interest rate risk-management strategy, Graphic had contracts in place at December 31, 2001 to hedge the interest rates on its variable rate borrowings in the form of swap agreements on $225.0 million of borrowings and cap agreements on $350.0 million of borrowings. The swap agreements locked in an average LIBOR rate of 6.5%. $150.0 million of the caps provided upside protection to Graphic if LIBOR moved above 6.75%, and $200.0 million of the caps provided upside protection to Graphic if LIBOR moved above 8.13%. The hedging instruments expired in 2002 and were not replaced, principally because market interest rates are unusually low this year and because a significant portion of Graphic's refinanced debt carries a fixed rate.
Graphic's capital structure also includes $100.0 million of convertible preferred stock issued on August 15, 2000. The convertible preferred stock is convertible into shares of Graphic's common stock at $2.0625 per share and is entitled to receive a dividend payable quarterly at an annual rate of 10%. Graphic may redeem the convertible preferred stock beginning on August 15, 2005 at 105% of par. This premium decreases by 1% per year until August 15, 2010, at which time Graphic can elect to redeem the shares at par. The convertible preferred stock has a liquidation preference over the common stock and is entitled to one vote for every two shares held on an as-converted basis.
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Working Capital. Graphic's working capital levels are dependent upon its ability to manage its inventories, collect its receivables on a timely basis, and maintain favorable terms with its vendors. Low working capital levels are desirable to Graphic, as it strives to maximize cash flow and reduce its debt. Graphic believes that its working capital position is very favorable when compared to its industry. Graphic's working capital can be negatively impacted if its operations run less efficiently, particularly at times when business is moved among plants or new plants are acquired, or if inventories build up due to lower than planned sales during a period.
Graphic currently expects that cash flows from operations and borrowings under its new credit facility will be adequate to meet its needs for working capital, post-retirement obligations, temporary financing for capital expenditures and debt repayments for the foreseeable future. Its working capital position (including current maturities of long term debt) at December 31, 2002 was $46.1 million. Although Graphic had no borrowings against its revolver at December 31, 2002, $267.1 million was available under its $275.0 million revolving credit facility, due to $7.9 million of letters of credit outstanding. Graphic's letters of credit are used as security against its self-insurance obligations and an outstanding note payable.
During 2002, Graphic funded its capital requirements with net cash from operations. Graphic expects its capital expenditures for 2003 to be approximately $42 million for planned capital expenditures for upgrades and replacements of equipment and systems as a result of ordinary business operations. Graphic also plans to expand certain existing equipment and facilities in order to meet expected capacity needs.
Subsequent Event. On March 6, 2003, Graphic acquired substantially all of the assets of JD Cahill Co., Inc., or JD Cahill, for approximately $18 million in cash. JD Cahill has annual revenues of approximately $20 million and produces laminated and coated paperboard with manufacturing facilities in Tuscaloosa, Alabama and Centralia, Illinois. The purchase was financed using Graphic's existing revolving credit facility.
Defined Benefit Retirement Plan. Graphic contributed $6.5 million, $2.3 million and $1.4 million to its defined benefit retirement plan in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Graphic expects to contribute $10.0 million to the plan in 2003. (See Note 10 to Graphic's consolidated financial statements included in this proxy statement/prospectus for information on the funded status of this plan.)
Graphic's retirement plan assets and liabilities are measured at December 31 each year for financial reporting purposes. Market returns on assets invested in by the defined benefit retirement plan trust were negative during the past year. Additionally, because of the declines in interest rates and a corresponding decrease in the discount rates used to estimate its pension liability, Graphic recorded after-tax charges to other comprehensive income of $12.8 million and $13.8 million to reflect minimum pension liabilities in 2002 and 2001, respectively. If asset returns do not improve or interest rates remain low, additional funding may be required to the defined benefit retirement plan.
Inflation. The impact of inflation on Graphic's financial position and results of operations has been minimal during 2002, 2001 and 2000 and is not expected to adversely affect future results.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The financial statements and selected quarterly financial data of Graphic are presented in this proxy statement/prospectus beginning on page F-51.
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Within the last two fiscal years there have been no changes in Graphic's independent accountants or disagreements on accounting and financial statement disclosure matters.
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QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Interest Rate Risk
As of March 7, 2003, Graphic's capital structure includes $204.9 million of debt that bears interest based upon an underlying rate that fluctuates with short-term interest rates, specifically LIBOR. As of February 28, 2002, the date of the refinancing, Graphic's capital structure included $237.6 million of debt that also bore interest based upon an underlying rate that fluctuated with short-term interest rates, specifically LIBOR. During 2002 and 2001, one-month LIBOR rates have fluctuated from a high of 5.6% in January of 2001 to a low of 1.4% in December 2002. In 2001, Graphic had interest rate swap agreements that locked in LIBOR at 5.94% on $65.0 million of borrowings ($100 million in 2000) and 6.98% on $125.0 million of borrowings. In addition, Graphic entered into interest rate contracts that capped the LIBOR interest rate at 8.13% for $200.0 million of borrowings and 6.75% for $150.0 million of borrowings. All of these interest rate contracts expired in 2002 and were not replaced. With its interest rate protection contracts in place last year, a 1% change in interest rates would have impacted annual pre-tax results by approximately $0.5 million. Since these interest rate protection contracts have expired, a 1% change in interest rates would impact annual pre-tax results by approximately $2.0 million.
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UNAUDITED CONDENSED PRO FORMA COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following unaudited condensed pro forma combined financial statements are presented to show the estimated effect of the merger of Riverwood and Graphic and the related financing transactions and represent the combined company's pro forma combined balance sheet as of December 31, 2002 and combined statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2002.
The following unaudited condensed pro forma combined balance sheet gives effect to the merger of Riverwood and Graphic and the related financing transactions as if they occurred on December 31, 2002. The accompanying unaudited condensed pro forma combined statement of operations gives effect to the merger of Riverwood and Graphic and the related financing transactions as if they occurred on January 1, 2002. The unaudited condensed pro forma combined financial statements include adjustments directly attributable to the merger and related financing transactions that are expected to have a continuing impact on the combined company. The pro forma adjustments are described in the accompanying notes. The pro forma adjustments are based upon available information and certain assumptions that management believes are reasonable, including the completion of the merger of Riverwood and Graphic.
The pro forma financial information was prepared using the purchase method of accounting, with Riverwood treated as the acquirer for accounting purposes. Under purchase accounting, the total cost of the merger is allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their respective fair values at the effective date of the merger. A preliminary allocation of the cost of the merger has been made based upon currently available information and management's estimates. The actual allocation and its effect on results of operations may differ significantly from the pro forma amounts included herein.
The pro forma information is based on historical financial statements. The pro forma information has been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC and is provided for comparison and analysis purposes only. The unaudited condensed pro forma combined financial statements do not purport to represent the combined company's results of operations or financial condition had the merger of Riverwood and Graphic and related financing transactions actually occurred as of such dates or of the results that the combined company would have achieved after the merger. The unaudited condensed pro forma combined financial statements should be read in conjunction with the historical consolidated financial statements of Riverwood and Graphic and the notes thereto and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" of Riverwood and Graphic, respectively, appearing elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus.
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Combined Company
Unaudited Condensed Pro Forma Combined Balance Sheet
As of December 31, 2002
(in thousands)
|
Historical |
|
|
Combined Company Condensed Pro Forma Combined |
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Pro Forma Adjustments |
|
|||||||||||||
|
Riverwood |
Graphic |
|
||||||||||||
Current assets | |||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 13,757 | $ | 28,626 | $ | | $ | 42,383 | |||||||
Accounts receivable, net | 137,284 | 63,546 | (5,300 | ) | A | 195,530 | |||||||||
Inventories | 174,383 | 87,243 | 7,000 | B | 268,626 | ||||||||||
Other current assets | 8,566 | 21,686 | | 30,252 | |||||||||||
Total current assets | 333,990 | 201,101 | 1,700 | 536,791 | |||||||||||
Properties, net |
1,232,945 |
410,592 |
102,000 |
B |
1,745,537 |
||||||||||
Goodwill, net | 268,284 | 379,696 | 29,144 | B | 677,124 | ||||||||||
Other intangibles | 42,844 | | 95,000 | B | 137,844 | ||||||||||
Other assets | 79,609 | 29,477 | 17,696 | B, C | 126,782 | ||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 1,957,672 | $ | 1,020,866 | $ | 245,540 | $ | 3,224,078 | |||||||
Current liabilities | |||||||||||||||
Short-term debt | $ | 98,696 | $ | 3,432 | $ | (62,915 | ) | C | $ | 39,213 | |||||
Accounts payable | 80,863 | 82,106 | (5,300 | ) | A | 157,669 | |||||||||
Interest payable | 35,764 | 11,117 | (45,121 | ) | C | 1,760 | |||||||||
Accrued compensation | 31,766 | 20,013 | | 51,779 | |||||||||||
Other current liabilities | 32,259 | 38,321 | | 70,580 | |||||||||||
Total current liabilities | 279,348 | 154,989 | (113,336 | ) | 321,001 | ||||||||||
Long term debt |
1,423,664 |
474,899 |
290,539 |
C |
2,189,102 |
||||||||||
Other | 122,134 | 83,940 | (1,058 | ) | B, C | 205,016 | |||||||||
Total liabilities | 1,825,146 | 713,828 | 176,145 | 2,715,119 | |||||||||||
Redeemable common stock |
6,951 |
|
(6,951 |
) |
D |
|
|||||||||
Shareholders' equity |
|||||||||||||||
Preferred stock | | 100,000 | (100,000 | ) | B, D | | |||||||||
Non-redeemable common stock | 75 | 335 | 1,606 | B, D | 2,016 | ||||||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 748,748 | 416,048 | 20,061 | B, D | 1,184,857 | ||||||||||
Unearned compensation | | (2,421 | ) | (6,341 | ) | F | (8,762 | ) | |||||||
Accumulated deficit | (515,107 | ) | (179,212 | ) | 133,308 | B | (561,011 | ) | |||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (108,141 | ) | (27,712 | ) | 27,712 | B | (108,141 | ) | |||||||
Total shareholders' equity | 125,575 | 307,038 | 76,346 | 508,959 | |||||||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | 1,957,672 | $ | 1,020,866 | $ | 245,540 | $ | 3,224,078 | |||||||
See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Pro Forma Combined Financial Statements.
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Combined Company
Unaudited Condensed Pro Forma Combined Statement of Operations
For the Year Ended December 31, 2002
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
Historical |
|
|
Combined Company Condensed Pro Forma Combined |
||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Pro Forma Adjustments |
|
||||||||||||||
|
Riverwood |
Graphic |
|
|||||||||||||
Net sales | $ | 1,247,314 | $ | 1,057,843 | $ | (52,852 | ) | A | $ | 2,252,305 | ||||||
Cost of goods sold | 984,771 | 930,581 | (52,852 | ) | A | 1,881,000 | ||||||||||
18,500 | B | |||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative and research and development expense | 121,931 | 64,620 | | 186,551 | ||||||||||||
Operating income | 140,612 | 62,642 | (18,500 | ) | 184,754 | |||||||||||
Interest expense, net | (146,057 | ) | (44,640 | ) | 36,400 | C | (154,297 | ) | ||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes, equity earnings of affiliates, extraordinary item and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | (5,445 | ) | 18,002 | 17,900 | 30,457 | |||||||||||