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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


ý

 

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2015

OR

o

 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                  to                  .

Commission file number 001-34003

TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
  51-0350842
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

622 Broadway
New York, New York

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

10012
(Zip Code)

Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (646) 536-2842

        Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý    No o

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý    No o

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ý   Accelerated filer o   Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a
smaller reporting company)
  Smaller reporting company o

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o    No ý

        As of October 30, 2015, there were 84,622,403 shares of the Registrant's Common Stock outstanding, net of treasury stock.

   


Table of Contents


INDEX

PART I.

 

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

    2  

Item 1.

 

Financial Statements (Unaudited)

    2  

 

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

    2  

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

    3  

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

    4  

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

    5  

 

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

    6  

Item 2.

 

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

    25  

Item 3.

 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

    40  

Item 4.

 

Controls and Procedures

    42  

PART II.

 

OTHER INFORMATION

    43  

Item 1.

 

Legal Proceedings

    43  

Item 1A.

 

Risk Factors

    43  

Item 2.

 

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

    43  

Item 6.

 

Exhibits

    44  

 

Signatures

    45  

(All other items in this report are inapplicable)

1


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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.    Financial Statements (Unaudited)

        


TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 
  September 30,
2015
  March 31,
2015
 
 
  (Unaudited)
   
 

ASSETS

             

Current assets:

             

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 711,713   $ 911,120  

Short-term investments

    352,961     186,929  

Restricted cash

    215,226     169,678  

Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $55,105 and $70,471 at September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, respectively

    240,859     217,860  

Inventory

    24,020     20,051  

Software development costs and licenses

    240,329     163,385  

Deferred cost of goods sold

    111,885     56,779  

Prepaid expenses and other

    67,615     55,506  

Total current assets

    1,964,608     1,781,308  

Fixed assets, net

   
81,694
   
69,792
 

Software development costs and licenses, net of current portion

    128,939     124,329  

Deferred cost of goods sold, net of current portion

    5,428     19,869  

Goodwill

    217,731     217,288  

Other intangibles, net

    4,609     4,769  

Other assets

    13,490     13,745  

Total assets

  $ 2,416,499   $ 2,231,100  

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

             

Current liabilities:

             

Accounts payable

  $ 69,138   $ 38,789  

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

    467,856     444,738  

Deferred revenue

    676,891     482,733  

Total current liabilities

    1,213,885     966,260  

Long-term debt

   
487,601
   
476,057
 

Non-current deferred revenue

    85,242     164,618  

Other long-term liabilities

    65,706     61,077  

Total liabilities

    1,852,434     1,668,012  

Commitments and contingencies

             

Stockholders' equity:

   
 
   
 
 

Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 5,000 shares authorized

         

Common stock, $.01 par value, 200,000 shares authorized; 104,160 and 104,594 shares issued and 86,968 and 88,356 outstanding at September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, respectively

    1,042     1,046  

Additional paid-in capital

    1,066,743     1,028,197  

Treasury stock, at cost; 17,192 and 16,238 common shares at September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, respectively

    (303,388 )   (276,836 )

Accumulated deficit

    (170,983 )   (158,695 )

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

    (29,349 )   (30,624 )

Total stockholders' equity

    564,065     563,088  

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity

  $ 2,416,499   $ 2,231,100  

   

See accompanying Notes.

2


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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
 
  2015   2014   2015   2014  

Net revenue

  $ 346,974   $ 126,277   $ 622,271   $ 251,702  

Cost of goods sold

    143,940     52,016     346,555     106,172  

Gross profit

    203,034     74,261     275,716     145,530  

Selling and marketing

    54,876     49,136     100,443     85,982  

General and administrative

    49,961     43,975     98,996     83,327  

Research and development

    24,413     24,533     58,555     48,665  

Depreciation and amortization

    7,353     5,130     13,928     9,278  

Total operating expenses

    136,603     122,774     271,922     227,252  

Income (loss) from operations

    66,431     (48,513 )   3,794     (81,722 )

Interest and other, net

    (8,396 )   (7,512 )   (15,930 )   (15,231 )

Gain on long-term investments, net

        18,976         18,976  

Income (loss) before income taxes

    58,035     (37,049 )   (12,136 )   (77,977 )

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

    3,300     4,320     152     (1,205 )

Net income (loss)

  $ 54,735   $ (41,369 ) $ (12,288 ) $ (76,772 )

Earnings (loss) per share:

                         

Basic earnings (loss) per share

  $ 0.63   $ (0.51 ) $ (0.15 ) $ (0.96 )

Diluted earnings (loss) per share

  $ 0.55   $ (0.51 ) $ (0.15 ) $ (0.96 )

   

See accompanying Notes.

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (Unaudited)

(in thousands)

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
 
  2015   2014   2015   2014  

Net income (loss)

  $ 54,735   $ (41,369 ) $ (12,288 ) $ (76,772 )

Other comprehensive (loss) income:

                         

Foreign currency translation adjustment

    (7,782 )   (11,452 )   1,320     (7,480 )

Change in unrealized gains on cash flow hedges, net of taxes

                32  

Unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities, net of taxes

    (4 )   (58 )   (45 )   (85 )

Other comprehensive (loss) income

    (7,786 )   (11,510 )   1,275     (7,533 )

Comprehensive income (loss)

  $ 46,949   $ (52,879 ) $ (11,013 ) $ (84,305 )

   

See accompanying Notes.

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

(in thousands)

 
  Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
 
  2015   2014  

Operating activities:

             

Net loss

  $ (12,288 ) $ (76,772 )

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

             

Amortization and impairment of software development costs and licenses

    40,719     10,136  

Depreciation and amortization

    13,928     9,278  

Amortization and impairment of intellectual property

    160     259  

Stock-based compensation

    35,406     23,846  

Deferred income taxes

    68     599  

Amortization of discount on Convertible Notes

    11,544     10,840  

Amortization of debt issuance costs

    792     853  

Gain on long-term investments, net

        (18,976 )

Other, net

    1,102     181  

Changes in assets and liabilities:

             

Restricted cash

    (45,548 )   116,296  

Accounts receivable

    (22,668 )   27,716  

Inventory

    (3,755 )   (26,168 )

Software development costs and licenses

    (117,959 )   (104,492 )

Prepaid expenses, other current and other non-current assets

    (13,250 )   (5,847 )

Deferred revenue

    113,042     46,765  

Deferred cost of goods sold

    (38,440 )   (1,644 )

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities

    57,161     (144,692 )

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

    20,014     (131,822 )

Investing activities:

             

Purchases of fixed assets

    (25,793 )   (23,054 )

Purchases of short-term investments, net

    (167,388 )   (49,591 )

Cash received from sale of long-term investment

        21,976  

Net cash used in investing activities

    (193,181 )   (50,669 )

Financing activities:

             

Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation

    9,529     4,843  

Tax payment related to net share settlements on restricted stock awards

    (10,386 )    

Repurchase of common stock

    (26,552 )    

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

    (27,409 )   4,843  

Effects of foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents

    1,169     (3,342 )

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

    (199,407 )   (180,990 )

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year

    911,120     935,400  

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

  $ 711,713   $ 754,410  

   

See accompanying Notes.

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

        Take-Two Interactive Software, Inc. (the "Company," "we," "us," or similar pronouns) was incorporated in the state of Delaware in 1993. We are a leading developer, publisher and marketer of interactive entertainment for consumers around the globe. The Company develops and publishes products through its two wholly-owned labels Rockstar Games and 2K. Our products are designed for console systems and personal computers, including smart phones and tablets, and are delivered through physical retail, digital download, online platforms and cloud streaming services.

Basis of Presentation

        The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are unaudited and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and, in the opinion of management, reflect all normal and recurring adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of our financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Interim results may not be indicative of the results that may be expected for the full fiscal year. All material inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The preparation of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. As permitted under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, interim accounting for certain expenses, including income taxes, are based on full year assumptions when appropriate. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

        Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States have been omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, although we believe that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with our annual consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015.

        Certain immaterial reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current period presentation.

Recently Issued or Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Measurement of Inventory

        In July 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2015-11, "Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory." This new guidance requires the measurement of inventory to be reflected at the lower of cost or net realizable value for inventories measured using any method other than last-in-first-out or the retail inventory method. Currently, we value our inventory at the lower of weighted average cost or market. This update will be applied prospectively and is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016 (April 1, 2017 for the Company). Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this update on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Internal-Use Software

        In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-05, "Customer's Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement." This update provides guidance for customers to determine whether cloud computing arrangements include software licenses. If a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license, then the customer should account for the software license element of the arrangement consistent with the acquisition of other software licenses. If a cloud computing arrangement does not include a software license, the customer should account for the arrangement as a service contract. This update can be applied prospectively to all arrangements entered into or materially modified after the effective date or retrospectively. This update is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015 (April 1, 2016 for the Company) and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this update on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs

        In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, "Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs." This new guidance requires the presentation of debt issuance costs in the balance sheet as a deduction from the carrying amount of the related debt liability. This update will be applied retrospectively and is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015 (April 1, 2016 for the Company). Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this new guidance is not expected to have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

        In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, as a new Topic, Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606. The new revenue recognition standard provides a five-step analysis of transactions to determine when and how revenue is recognized. The core principle is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This guidance can be adopted retrospectively to each period presented or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. In July 2015, the FASB voted to defer the effective date by one year to annual and interim years beginning after December 15, 2017 (April 1, 2018 for the Company). Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than the original effective date of annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016 (April 1, 2017 for the Company). The Company is currently determining its implementation approach and evaluating the impact of adopting this update on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

Requirements for Reporting Discontinued Operations

        In April 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-08, Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity. This new guidance raises the threshold for a disposal to qualify as discontinued operations and requires new disclosures for individually material disposal transactions that do not meet the definition of a discontinued operation. Under the new standard, companies report discontinued operations when they have a disposal that represents a strategic shift

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

that has or will have a major impact on operations or financial results. This update was applied prospectively beginning April 1, 2015 and did not have an impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

2. MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT

        In March 2007, we entered into a management services agreement, which was renewed in May 2011 (as amended, the "2011 Management Agreement") with ZelnickMedia pursuant to which ZelnickMedia provided us with certain management, consulting and executive level services. In March 2014, we entered into a new management agreement, (the "2014 Management Agreement"), with ZelnickMedia pursuant to which ZelnickMedia continues to provide financial and management consulting services to the Company through March 31, 2019. The 2014 Management Agreement became effective April 1, 2014 and supersedes and replaces the 2011 Management Agreement, except as otherwise contemplated by the 2014 Management Agreement. As part of the 2014 Management Agreement, Strauss Zelnick, the President of ZelnickMedia, continues to serve as Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and Karl Slatoff, a partner of ZelnickMedia, continues to serve as President of the Company. The 2014 Management Agreement provides for an annual management fee of $2,970 over the term of the agreement and a maximum annual bonus opportunity of $4,752 over the term of the agreement, based on the Company achieving certain performance thresholds. In consideration for ZelnickMedia's services, we recorded consulting expense (a component of general and administrative expenses) of $2,524 and $1,336 during each of the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively and $3,861 and $2,673 during each of the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

        In April 2011, pursuant to the 2011 Management Agreement, we granted 1,100,000 shares of restricted stock to ZelnickMedia that vested annually through May 15, 2015 and 1,650,000 shares of market-based restricted stock that were eligible to vest through May 26, 2015, based on the Company's Total Shareholder Return (as defined in the relevant grant agreements) relative to the Total Shareholder Return of the companies that constitute the NASDAQ Composite Index measured annually on a cumulative basis. To earn all of the shares of market-based restricted stock, the Company must have performed at the 75th percentile, or top quartile, of the NASDAQ Composite Index. None of the shares of restricted stock granted pursuant to the 2011 Management Agreement remained unvested as of September 30, 2015. For the three months ended September 30, 2014, we recorded stock-based compensation expenses (a component of general and administrative expenses) of $5,069 and for the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, we recorded stock-based compensation expenses (a component of general and administrative expenses) of $3,971 and $7,806, respectively, in each case related to the shares of restricted stock granted pursuant to the 2011 Management Agreement.

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

2. MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT (Continued)

        In connection with the 2014 Management Agreement, we granted 525,591 and 619,490 restricted stock units to ZelnickMedia on May 20, 2015 and April 1, 2014, respectively, as follows:

 
  Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
 
  2015   2014  

Time-based

    151,575     178,654  

Market-based(1)

    280,512     330,628  

Performance-based(1)

             

New IP

    46,752     55,104  

Major IP

    46,752     55,104  

Total- Performance-based

    93,504     110,208  

Total Restricted Stock Units

    525,591     619,490  

(1)
Represents the maximum number of shares eligible to vest

        Time-based restricted stock units granted on April 1, 2014 will vest on April 1, 2016 and those granted on May 20, 2015 will vest on April 1, 2017, in each case provided that the 2014 Management Agreement has not been terminated prior to such vesting date. Market-based restricted stock units are eligible to vest based on the Company's Total Shareholder Return (as defined in the relevant grant agreement) relative to the Total Shareholder Return (as defined in the relevant grant agreement) of the companies that constitute the NASDAQ Composite Index as of the grant date measured over a two-year period. To earn the target number of market-based restricted stock units (which represents 50% of the number of the market-based restricted stock units set forth in the table above), the Company must perform at the 50th percentile, with the maximum number of market-based restricted stock units earned if the Company performs at the 75th percentile. Each reporting period, we re-measure the fair value of the unvested portion of the shares of market-based restricted stock units granted to ZelnickMedia. We also granted performance-based restricted stock units, of which 50% are tied to "New IP" and 50% to "Major IP" (as defined in the relevant grant agreement), that are eligible to vest based on the Company's achievement of certain performance metrics (as defined in the relevant grant agreement) of individual product releases of "New IP" or "Major IP" measured over a two-year period. The target number of performance-based restricted stock units that may be earned pursuant to these grants is equal to 50% of the grant amounts set forth in the above table (which represents the maximum number of performance-based restricted stock units that may be earned). Each reporting period, we assess the performance metric and upon achievement of certain thresholds record an expense for the unvested portion of the shares of performance-based restricted stock units. Certain performance metrics, based on unit sales, have been achieved for the "New IP" and "Major IP" performance-based restricted stock units granted on April 1, 2014 and May 20, 2015.

        For the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 we recorded stock-based compensation expenses (a component of general and administrative expenses) of $4,935 and $1,390, respectively, and for the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 we recorded stock-based compensation expenses (a component of general and administrative expenses) of $8,287 and $2,579, respectively, in each case related to the restricted stock units granted pursuant to the 2014 Management Agreement.

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

2. MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT (Continued)

        The unvested portion of time-based, market-based and performance-based restricted stock units granted pursuant to the 2014 Management Agreement as of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015 was 1,145,081 and 619,490, respectively.

3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

        The carrying amounts of our financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, approximate fair value because of their short maturities. We consider all highly liquid instruments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Our restricted cash balance is primarily related to a dedicated account limited to the payment of certain royalty obligations.

        We follow a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of "observable inputs" and minimize the use of "unobservable inputs." The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

        The table below segregates all assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (which is measured at least annually) into the most appropriate level within the fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used to determine the fair value at the measurement date.

 
  September 30,
2015
  Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical assets
(level 1)
  Significant
other
observable
inputs
(level 2)
  Significant
unobservable
inputs
(level 3)
  Balance Sheet
Classification

Money market funds

  $ 503,466   $ 503,466   $   $   Cash and cash equivalents

Bank-time deposits

    31,971     31,971           Cash and cash equivalents

Corporate bonds

    104,371         104,371       Short-term investments

Bank-time deposits

    248,590     248,590           Short-term investments

Foreign currency forward contracts

    (177 )       (177 )     Accrued and other current liabilities

Total recurring fair value measurements, net

  $ 888,221   $ 784,027   $ 104,194   $    

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)


 
  March 31,
2015
  Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical assets
(level 1)
  Significant
other
observable
inputs
(level 2)
  Significant
unobservable
inputs
(level 3)
  Balance Sheet
Classification

Money market funds

  $ 544,334   $ 544,334   $   $   Cash and cash equivalents

Bank-time deposits

    79,852     79,852           Cash and cash equivalents

Corporate bonds

    99,429         99,429       Short-term investments

Bank-time deposits

    87,500     87,500           Short-term investments

Foreign currency forward contracts

    587         587       Prepaid expenses and other

Total recurring fair value measurements, net

  $ 811,702   $ 711,686   $ 100,016   $    

        The Company did not have any transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements during the six months ended September 30, 2015.

Debt

        As of September 30, 2015, the estimated fair value of the Company's 1.75% Convertible Notes due 2016 (the "1.75% Convertible Notes") and 1.00% Convertible Notes due 2018 (the "1.00% Convertible Notes" and together with the 1.75% Convertible Notes, the "Convertible Notes") was $385,400 and $409,486, respectively. The fair value was determined using Level 2 inputs, observable market data, for the Convertible Notes and its embedded option feature. See Note 9 for additional information regarding our Convertible Notes.

4. SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS

        Our short-term investments consisted of the following:

 
  September 30, 2015  
 
   
  Gross
Unrealized
   
 
 
  Cost or
Amortized Cost
  Fair
Value
 
 
  Gains   Losses  

Short-term investments:

                         

Bank time deposits

  $ 248,590   $   $   $ 248,590  

Available-for-sale securities:

                         

Corporate bonds

    104,441     19     (89 )   104,371  

Total short-term investments

  $ 353,031   $ 19   $ (89 ) $ 352,961  

 

 
  March 31, 2015  
 
   
  Gross
Unrealized
   
 
 
  Cost or
Amortized Cost
  Fair
Value
 
 
  Gains   Losses  

Short-term investments:

                         

Bank time deposits

  $ 87,500   $   $   $ 87,500  

Available-for-sale securities:

                         

Corporate bonds

    99,454     39     (64 )   99,429  

Total short-term investments

  $ 186,954   $ 39   $ (64 ) $ 186,929  

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

4. SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS (Continued)

        Unrealized gains and losses of the Company's available-for-sale securities are reported as a component of other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, until the security is sold, the security has matured, or the Company determines that the fair value of the security has declined below its adjusted cost basis and the decline is other-than-temporary. We evaluate our investments for impairment quarterly. The Company considers various factors in the review of investments with an unrealized loss, including the credit quality of the issuer, the duration that the fair value has been less than the adjusted cost basis, the severity of the impairment, the reason for the decline in value and our intent to sell and ability to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value. Based on our review, we did not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2015.

        The following table summarizes the contracted maturities of our short-term investments at September 30, 2015:

 
  Amortized
Cost
  Fair
Value
 

Short-term investments:

             

Due in 1 year or less

  $ 340,073   $ 340,009  

Due in 1 - 2 years

    12,958     12,952  

Total short-term investments

  $ 353,031   $ 352,961  

5. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

Hedging Activities

        We transact business in various foreign currencies and have significant sales and purchase transactions denominated in foreign currencies, subjecting us to foreign currency exchange rate risk. From time to time, we use hedging programs in an effort to mitigate the effect of foreign currency exchange rate movements.

Balance Sheet Hedging Activities

        We use foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate foreign currency exchange rate risk associated with non-functional currency denominated cash balances and inter-company funding loans, non-functional currency denominated accounts receivable and non-functional currency denominated accounts payable. These transactions are not designated as hedging instruments and are accounted for as derivatives whereby the fair value of the contracts is reported as either assets or liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and gains and losses resulting from changes in the fair value are reported in interest and other, net, in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company classifies cash flows from its derivative transactions as cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. We do not enter into derivative financial contracts for speculative or trading purposes. All foreign currency forward contracts

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

5. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES (Continued)

have maturities of less than one year. The following table shows the gross notional amounts of foreign currency forward contracts:

 
  September 30,
2015
  March 31,
2015
 

Forward contracts to sell foreign currencies

  $ 75,981   $ 72,488  

Forward contracts to purchase foreign currencies

    2,173     4,097  

        For the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, we recorded a gain of $340 and $370, respectively, and for the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, we recorded a loss of $322 and $432, respectively, related to foreign currency forward contracts in interest and other, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

6. INVENTORY

        Inventory balances by category are as follows:

 
  September 30,
2015
  March 31,
2015
 

Finished products

  $ 21,816   $ 17,229  

Parts and supplies

    2,204     2,822  

Inventory

  $ 24,020   $ 20,051  

        Estimated product returns included in inventory at September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015 were $504 and $921, respectively.

7. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS AND LICENSES

        Details of our capitalized software development costs and licenses are as follows:

 
  September 30, 2015   March 31, 2015  
 
  Current   Non-current   Current   Non-current  

Software development costs, internally developed

  $ 125,014   $ 122,050   $ 54,225   $ 116,026  

Software development costs, externally developed

    108,116     6,889     102,713     8,303  

Licenses

    7,199         6,447      

Software development costs and licenses

  $ 240,329   $ 128,939   $ 163,385   $ 124,329  

        Software development costs and licenses as of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015 included $295,459 and $211,248, respectively, related to titles that have not been released. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2015 we recorded $423 and $2,133, respectively, of software development impairment charges (a component of cost of goods sold).

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

8. ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

        Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following:

 
  September 30,
2015
  March 31,
2015
 

Software development royalties

  $ 329,737   $ 307,953  

Compensation and benefits

    40,580     47,763  

Licenses

    39,532     23,974  

Marketing and promotions

    13,172     21,708  

Other

    44,835     43,340  

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

  $ 467,856   $ 444,738  

9. DEBT

Credit Agreement

        In August 2014, we entered into a Third Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated October 2011 Credit Agreement (the "Credit Agreement"). The Credit Agreement provides for borrowings of up to $100,000 which may be increased by up to $40,000 pursuant to the terms of the Credit Agreement, and is secured by substantially all of our assets and the equity of our subsidiaries. The Credit Agreement expires on August 18, 2019. Revolving loans under the Credit Agreement bear interest at our election of (a) 0.50% to 1.00% above a certain base rate (3.75% at September 30, 2015), or (b) 1.50% to 2.00% above the LIBOR Rate (approximately 1.69% at September 30, 2015), with the margin rate subject to the achievement of certain average liquidity levels. We are also required to pay a monthly fee on the unused available balance, ranging from 0.25% to 0.375% based on availability. We had no outstanding borrowings at September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015.

        Availability under the Credit Agreement is restricted by our United States and United Kingdom based accounts receivable and inventory balances. The Credit Agreement also allows for the issuance of letters of credit in an aggregate amount of up to $5,000.

        Information related to availability on our Credit Agreement is as follows:

 
  September 30,
2015
  March 31,
2015
 

Available borrowings

  $ 98,336   $ 98,335  

Outstanding letters of credit

    1,664     1,664  

        We recorded interest expense and fees related to the Credit Agreement of $111 and $138 for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and $221 and $297 for the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The Credit Agreement contains covenants that substantially limit us and our subsidiaries' ability to: create, incur, assume or be liable for indebtedness; dispose of assets outside the ordinary course of business; acquire, merge or consolidate with or into another person or entity; create, incur or allow any lien on any of their respective properties; make investments; or pay dividends or make distributions (each subject to certain limitations); or optionally prepay any indebtedness (subject to certain exceptions, including an exception permitting the redemption of the Company's unsecured convertible senior notes upon the meeting of certain minimum

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

9. DEBT (Continued)

liquidity requirements). In addition, the Credit Agreement provides for certain events of default such as nonpayment of principal and interest, breaches of representations and warranties, noncompliance with covenants, acts of insolvency, default on indebtedness held by third parties and default on certain material contracts (subject to certain limitations and cure periods). The Credit Agreement also contains a requirement that we maintain an interest coverage ratio of more than one to one for the trailing twelve month period, if certain average liquidity levels fall below $30,000. As of September 30, 2015, we were in compliance with all covenants and requirements outlined in the Credit Agreement.

1.75% Convertible Notes Due 2016

        On November 16, 2011, we issued $250,000 aggregate principal amount of 1.75% Convertible Notes due 2016. The issuance of the 1.75% Convertible Notes included $30,000 related to the exercise of an over-allotment option by the underwriters. Interest on the 1.75% Convertible Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on June 1st and December 1st of each year, commencing on June 1, 2012. The 1.75% Convertible Notes mature on December 1, 2016, unless earlier repurchased by the Company or converted. The Company does not have the right to redeem the 1.75% Convertible Notes prior to maturity.

        The 1.75% Convertible Notes are convertible at an initial conversion rate of 52.3745 shares of our common stock per $1 principal amount of 1.75% Convertible Notes (representing an initial conversion price of approximately $19.093 per share of common stock for a total of approximately 13,094,000 underlying conversion shares) subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. Holders may convert the 1.75% Convertible Notes at their option prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding June 1, 2016, only under the following circumstances: (1) during any fiscal quarter commencing after March 31, 2012, if the last reported sale price of the common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the preceding fiscal quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the applicable conversion price on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five business day period after any 10 consecutive trading day period (the "measurement period") in which the trading price per $1 principal amount of 1.75% Convertible Notes for each day of that measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock and the applicable conversion rate on each such day; or (3) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On and after June 1, 2016 until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert their 1.75% Convertible Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances. Upon conversion, the 1.75% Convertible Notes may be settled, at our election, in cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of the Company's common stock. Our common stock price exceeded 130% of the applicable conversion price per share for at least 20 trading days during the 30 consecutive trading days ended September 30, 2015. Accordingly, as of October 1, 2015 the 1.75% Convertible Notes may be converted at the holder's option through December 31, 2015. If the 1.75% Convertible Notes were to be converted during this period, our current intent and ability, given our option, would be to settle the conversion in shares of our common stock. As such, we have continued to classify these 1.75% Convertible Notes as long-term debt.

        Upon the occurrence of certain fundamental changes involving the Company, holders of the 1.75% Convertible Notes may require us to purchase all or a portion of their 1.75% Convertible Notes for

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

9. DEBT (Continued)

cash at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be purchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest (including additional interest, if any) to, but excluding, the fundamental change purchase date.

        The indenture governing the 1.75% Convertible Notes contains customary terms and covenants and events of default. If an event of default (as defined therein) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee by notice to the Company, or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the 1.75% Convertible Notes then outstanding by notice to the Company and the Trustee, may, and the Trustee at the request of such holders shall, declare 100% of the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest (including additional interest, if any) on all the 1.75% Convertible Notes to be due and payable. In the case of an event of default arising out of certain bankruptcy events, 100% of the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest (including additional interest, if any), on the 1.75% Convertible Notes will automatically become due and payable immediately. As of September 30, 2015, we were in compliance with all covenants and requirements outlined in the indenture governing the 1.75% Convertible Notes.

        The 1.75% Convertible Notes are senior unsecured obligations and rank senior in right of payment to our existing and future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 1.75% Convertible Notes; equal in right of payment to our existing and future indebtedness that is not so subordinated; effectively junior in right of payment to any of our secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and structurally junior to all existing and future indebtedness incurred by our subsidiaries.

        We separately account for the liability and equity components of the 1.75% Convertible Notes in a manner that reflects the Company's nonconvertible debt borrowing rate when interest expense is recognized in subsequent periods. As of the date of issuance of our 1.75% Convertible Notes, we estimated the fair value to be $197,373, assuming a 6.9% non-convertible borrowing rate. We determined the carrying amount of the equity component to be $52,627 by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of the 1.75% Convertible Notes. The excess of the principal amount of the liability component over its carrying amount is amortized to interest and other, net over the term of the 1.75% Convertible Notes using the effective interest method. The equity component is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification. In accounting for the $6,875 of banking, legal and accounting fees related to the issuance of the 1.75% Convertible Notes, we allocated $5,428 to the liability component and $1,447 to the equity component. Debt issuance costs attributable to the liability component are being amortized to interest and other, net over the term of the 1.75% Convertible Notes, and issuance costs attributable to the equity component were netted with the equity component in additional paid-in capital.

        As of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, the if-converted value of our 1.75% Convertible Notes exceeded the principal amount of $250,000 by $126,191 and $83,373, respectively.

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

9. DEBT (Continued)

        The following table provides additional information related to our 1.75% Convertible Notes:

 
  September 30,
2015
  March 31,
2015
 

Additional paid-in capital

  $ 51,180   $ 51,180  

Principal amount of 1.75% Convertible Notes

  $ 250,000   $ 250,000  

Unamortized discount of the liability component

    13,795     19,386  

Net carrying amount of 1.75% Convertible Notes

  $ 236,205   $ 230,614  

Carrying amount of debt issuance costs

  $ 1,154   $ 1,662  

        The following table provides the components of interest expense related to our 1.75% Convertible Notes:

 
  Three Months
Ended
September 30,
  Six Months
Ended
September 30,
 
 
  2015   2014   2015   2014  

Cash interest expense (coupon interest expense)

  $ 1,093   $ 1,094   $ 2,187   $ 2,188  

Non-cash amortization of discount on 1.75% Convertible Notes

    2,818     2,637     5,591     5,231  

Amortization of debt issuance costs

    252     265     508     533  

Total interest expense related to 1.75% Convertible Notes

  $ 4,163   $ 3,996   $ 8,286   $ 7,952  

1.00% Convertible Notes Due 2018

        On June 18, 2013, we issued $250,000 aggregate principal amount of 1.00% Convertible Notes due 2018. The 1.00% Convertible Notes were issued at 98.5% of par value for proceeds of $246,250. Interest on the 1.00% Convertible Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on July 1st and January 1st of each year, commencing on January 1, 2014. The 1.00% Convertible Notes mature on July 1, 2018, unless earlier repurchased by the Company or converted. The Company does not have the right to redeem the 1.00% Convertible Notes prior to maturity. The Company also granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional $37,500 principal amount of 1.00% Convertible Notes to cover overallotments, if any. On July 17, 2013, the Company closed its public offering of $37,500 principal amount of the Company's 1.00% Convertible Notes as a result of the underwriters exercising their overallotment option in full on July 12, 2013, bringing the total proceeds to $283,188.

        The 1.00% Convertible Notes are convertible at an initial conversion rate of 46.4727 shares of our common stock per $1 principal amount of 1.00% Convertible Notes (representing an initial conversion price of approximately $21.52 per share of common stock for a total of approximately 13,361,000 underlying conversion shares) subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. Holders may convert the 1.00% Convertible Notes at their option prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding January 1, 2018, only under the following circumstances: (1) during any fiscal quarter commencing after September 30, 2013, if the last reported sale price of the common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

9. DEBT (Continued)

the last trading day of the preceding fiscal quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the applicable conversion price on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five business day period after any 10 consecutive trading day period (the "measurement period") in which the trading price per $1 principal amount of 1.00% Convertible Notes for each day of that measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock and the applicable conversion rate on each such day; or (3) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On and after January 1, 2018 until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert their 1.00% Convertible Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances. Upon conversion, the 1.00% Convertible Notes may be settled, at our election, in cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of the Company's common stock. Our common stock price exceeded 130% of the applicable conversion price per share for at least 20 trading days during the 30 consecutive trading days ended September 30, 2015. Accordingly, as of October 1, 2015 the 1.00% Convertible Notes may be converted at the holder's option through December 31, 2015. If the 1.00% Convertible Notes were to be converted during this period, our current intent and ability, given our option, would be to settle the conversion in shares of our common stock. As such, we have continued to classify these 1.00% Convertible Notes as long-term debt.

        Upon the occurrence of certain fundamental changes involving the Company, holders of the 1.00% Convertible Notes may require us to purchase all or a portion of their 1.00% Convertible Notes for cash at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be purchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest (including additional interest, if any) to, but excluding, the fundamental change purchase date.

        The indenture governing the 1.00% Convertible Notes contains customary terms and covenants and events of default. If an event of default (as defined therein) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee by notice to the Company, or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the 1.00% Convertible Notes then outstanding by notice to the Company and the Trustee, may, and the Trustee at the request of such holders shall, declare 100% of the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest (including additional interest, if any) on all the 1.00% Convertible Notes to be due and payable. In the case of an event of default arising out of certain bankruptcy events, 100% of the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest (including additional interest, if any), on the 1.00% Convertible Notes will automatically become due and payable immediately. As of September 30, 2015, we were in compliance with all covenants and requirements outlined in the indenture governing the 1.00% Convertible Notes.

        The 1.00% Convertible Notes are senior unsecured obligations and rank senior in right of payment to our existing and future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 1.00% Convertible Notes; equal in right of payment to our existing and future indebtedness that is not so subordinated; effectively junior in right of payment to any of our secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and structurally junior to all existing and future indebtedness incurred by our subsidiaries.

        We separately account for the liability and equity components of the 1.00% Convertible Notes in a manner that reflects the Company's nonconvertible debt borrowing rate. We estimated the fair value of the 1.00% Convertible Notes to be $225,567 upon issuance of our 1.00% Convertible Notes, assuming a 6.15% nonconvertible borrowing rate. We determined the carrying amount of the equity component to be $57,621 by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the net proceeds of the 1.00%

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

9. DEBT (Continued)

Convertible Notes. The excess of the principal amount of the liability component over its carrying amount is amortized to interest and other, net over the term of the 1.00% Convertible Notes using the effective interest method. The equity component is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification. In accounting for the $2,815 of banking, legal and accounting fees related to the issuance of the 1.00% Convertible Notes, we allocated $2,209 to the liability component and $606 to the equity component. Debt issuance costs attributable to the liability component are being amortized to interest and other, net over the term of the 1.00% Convertible Notes, and issuance costs attributable to the equity component were netted with the equity component in additional paid-in capital.

        As of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, the if-converted value of our 1.00% Convertible Notes exceeded the principal amount of $287,500 by $96,362 and $52,671, respectively.

        The following table provides additional information related to our 1.00% Convertible Notes:

 
  September 30,
2015
  March 31,
2015
 

Additional paid-in capital

  $ 35,784   $ 35,784  

Principal amount of 1.00% Convertible Notes

  $ 287,500   $ 287,500  

Unamortized discount of the liability component

    36,104     42,057  

Net carrying amount of 1.00% Convertible Notes

  $ 251,396   $ 245,443  

Carrying amount of debt issuance costs

  $ 1,141   $ 1,365  

        The following table provides the components of interest expense related to our 1.00% Convertible Notes:

 
  Three Months
Ended
September 30,
  Six Months
Ended
September 30,
 
 
  2015   2014   2015   2014  

Cash interest expense (coupon interest expense)

  $ 718   $ 718   $ 1,437   $ 1,437  

Non-cash amortization of discount on 1.00% Convertible Notes

    2,999     2,826     5,953     5,609  

Amortization of debt issuance costs

    112     117     224     236  

Total interest expense related to 1.00% Convertible Notes

  $ 3,829   $ 3,661   $ 7,614   $ 7,282  

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

10. EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE ("EPS")

        The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share (shares in thousands):

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
 
  2015   2014   2015   2014  

Computation of Basic earnings (loss) per share:

                         

Net income (loss)

  $ 54,735   $ (41,369 ) $ (12,288 ) $ (76,772 )

Less: net income allocated to participating securities

    (2,320 )            

Net income (loss) for basic earnings (loss) per share calculation

  $ 52,415   $ (41,369 ) $ (12,288 ) $ (76,772 )

Total weighted average shares outstanding—basic

    87,560     80,355     83,280     79,862  

Less: weighted average participating shares outstanding

    (3,711 )            

Weighted average common shares outstanding—basic

    83,849     80,355     83,280     79,862  

Basic earnings (loss) per share

  $ 0.63   $ (0.51 ) $ (0.15 ) $ (0.96 )

Computation of Diluted earnings (loss) per share:

                         

Net income (loss)

  $ 54,735   $ (41,369 ) $ (12,288 ) $ (76,772 )

Less: net income allocated to participating securities

    (1,782 )            

Add: interest expense, net of tax, on Convertible Notes

    7,994              

Net income (loss) for diluted earnings (loss) per share calculation

  $ 60,947   $ (41,369 ) $ (12,288 ) $ (76,772 )

Weighted average shares outstanding—basic

    83,849     80,355     83,280     79,862  

Add: dilutive effect of common stock equivalents          

    30,166              

Total weighted average shares outstanding—diluted

    114,015     80,355     83,280     79,862  

Less: weighted average participating shares outstanding

    (3,711 )            

Weighted average common shares outstanding—diluted

    110,304     80,355     83,280     79,862  

Diluted earnings (loss) per share

  $ 0.55   $ (0.51 ) $ (0.15 ) $ (0.96 )

        The Company incurred a net loss for the three months ended September 30, 2014 and the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014; therefore, the basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding excluded the effect of the unvested share-based awards that are considered participating securities and all common stock equivalents because their effect would be antidilutive.

        Certain of our unvested restricted stock awards (including restricted stock units, time-based and market-based restricted stock awards) are considered participating securities since these securities have non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents during the contractual period of the award, and thus require the two-class method of computing EPS. For the three months ended September 30, 2015, the calculation of EPS for common stock shown above excludes the income attributable to the participating securities from the numerator and excludes the dilutive effect of those awards from the denominator. For the six months ended September 30, 2015, we had approximately 3,436,000

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

10. EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE ("EPS") (Continued)

participating securities and for the three and six months ended September 30, 2014, we had approximately 6,890,000 participating securities which are excluded from the EPS calculation due to the net loss for those periods.

        The Company defines common stock equivalents as non-participating restricted stock awards and common stock equivalents underlying the Convertible Notes (see Note 9) outstanding during the period. Common stock equivalents are measured using the treasury stock method, except for the Convertible Notes, which are assessed for their effect on diluted EPS using the more dilutive of the treasury stock method or the if-converted method. Under the provisions of the if-converted method, the Convertible Notes are assumed to be converted and included in the denominator of the EPS calculation and the interest expense, net of tax, recorded in connection with the Convertible Notes is added back to the numerator.

        For the three months ended September 30, 2015, we issued approximately 705,000 of unvested restricted stock awards and canceled approximately 32,000 of unvested restricted stock awards and for the six months ended September 30, 2015, we issued approximately 1,673,000 of unvested restricted stock awards and canceled approximately 207,000 of unvested restricted stock awards. Beginning with the first quarter of fiscal 2016, upon the vesting of certain restricted stock awards employees have the option to have the Company withhold shares to satisfy the employee's federal and state tax withholding requirements.

11. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

        The following table provides the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):

 
  Six Months Ended September 30, 2015  
 
  Foreign
currency
translation
adjustments
  Unrealized
gain (loss)
on derivative
instruments
  Unrealized
gain (loss)
on available-
for-sales
securities
  Total  

Balance at March 31, 2015

  $ (31,216 ) $ 617   $ (25 ) $ (30,624 )

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications

    1,320         (45 )   1,275  

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

                 

Balance at September 30, 2015

  $ (29,896 ) $ 617   $ (70 ) $ (29,349 )

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

11. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (Continued)


 
  Six Months Ended September 30, 2014  
 
  Foreign
currency
translation
adjustments
  Unrealized
gain (loss)
on derivative
instruments
  Unrealized
gain (loss)
on available-
for-sales
securities
  Total  

Balance at March 31, 2014

  $ 1,531   $ 585   $   $ 2,116  

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications

    (7,480 )   32     (85 )   (7,533 )

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

                 

Balance at September 30, 2014

  $ (5,949 ) $ 617   $ (85 ) $ (5,417 )

12. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

        Our operating segment is based upon our internal organizational structure, the manner in which our operations are managed and the criteria used by our Chief Executive Officer, our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") to evaluate performance. Our operations involve similar products and customers worldwide. We are centrally managed and the CODM primarily uses consolidated financial information supplemented by sales information by product category, major product title and platform to make operational decisions and assess financial performance. We have one operating segment where we are a publisher of interactive software games designed for console systems and personal computers, including smart phones and tablets, and are delivered through physical retail, digital download, online platforms and cloud streaming services. Our business consists of our Rockstar Games and 2K labels which combined represent a single operating segment, the "publishing segment". Revenue earned from our publishing segment is primarily derived from the sale of internally developed software titles and software titles developed on our behalf by third-parties.

        We attribute net revenue to geographic regions based on product destination. Net revenue by geographic region was as follows:

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
Net revenue by geographic region:
  2015   2014   2015   2014  

United States

  $ 185,102   $ 59,322   $ 328,540   $ 124,166  

Europe

    119,510     44,145     219,733     88,143  

Asia Pacific

    20,178     9,064     40,484     19,024  

Canada and Latin America

    22,184     13,746     33,514     20,369  

Total net revenue

  $ 346,974   $ 126,277   $ 622,271   $ 251,702  

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

12. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION (Continued)

        Net revenue by product platform was as follows:

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
Net revenue by product platform:
  2015   2014   2015   2014  

Console

  $ 301,029   $ 93,684   $ 523,603   $ 177,454  

PC and other

    45,945     32,593     98,668     74,248  

Total net revenue

  $ 346,974   $ 126,277   $ 622,271   $ 251,702  

        Our products are delivered through digital online services (digital download, online platforms and cloud streaming) and physical retail. Net revenue by distribution channel was as follows:

 
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
Net revenue by distribution channel:
  2015   2014   2015   2014  

Digital online

  $ 202,426   $ 80,646   $ 356,411   $ 160,847  

Physical retail and other

    144,548     45,631     265,860     90,855  

Total net revenue

  $ 346,974   $ 126,277   $ 622,271   $ 251,702  

13. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

        At September 30, 2015, we did not have any significant changes to our commitments since March 31, 2015. See Note 11 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 for more information regarding our commitments.

Legal and Other Proceedings

        We are, or may become, subject to demands and claims (including intellectual property claims) and are involved in routine litigation in the ordinary course of business which we do not believe to be material to our business or financial statements. We have appropriately accrued amounts related to certain of these claims and legal and other proceedings. While it is reasonably possible that a loss may be incurred in excess of the amounts accrued in our financial statements, we believe that such losses, unless otherwise disclosed, would not be material.

14. SHARE REPURCHASE

Share Repurchase Program

        On May 13, 2015, our Board of Directors approved an increase of 6,717,683 shares to our share repurchase program, increasing the total number of shares that we are permitted to repurchase to 14,217,683 shares of our common stock. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2015, we repurchased 953,647 shares of our common stock in the open market for $26,552, including commissions of $10, as part of the program. We have repurchased a total of 5,171,330 shares of our

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TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) (Continued)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

14. SHARE REPURCHASE (Continued)

common stock under this program and as of September 30, 2015, 9,046,353 shares of our common stock remain available for repurchase under the Company's share repurchase program.

        The Company is authorized to purchase shares from time to time through a variety of methods, including in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions, in accordance with applicable securities laws. It does not obligate the Company to make any purchases at any specific time or situation. Repurchases are subject to the availability of stock, prevailing market conditions, the trading price of the stock, the Company's financial performance and other conditions. The program may be suspended or discontinued at any time for any reason.

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Item 2.    Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

CAUTIONARY NOTE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

        The statements contained herein which are not historical facts are considered forward-looking statements under federal securities laws and may be identified by words such as "anticipates," "believes," "estimates," "expects," "intends," "plans," "potential," "predicts," "projects," "seeks," "will," or words of similar meaning and include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the outlook for the Company's future business and financial performance. Such forward-looking statements are based on the current beliefs of our management as well as assumptions made by and information currently available to them, which are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. Actual outcomes and results may vary materially from these forward-looking statements based on a variety of risks and uncertainties including those contained herein, in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2015, in the section entitled "Risk Factors," and the Company's other periodic filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. All forward-looking statements are qualified by these cautionary statements and speak only as of the date they are made. The Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

        Our Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") is provided in addition to the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and notes to assist readers in understanding our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the MD&A and our annual consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2015.

Overview

Our Business

        We are a leading developer, publisher and marketer of interactive entertainment for consumers around the globe. We develop and publish products through our two wholly-owned labels Rockstar Games and 2K. Our products are currently designed for console gaming systems such as Sony's PlayStation®3 ("PS3") and PlayStation®4 ("PS4") and Microsoft's Xbox 360® ("Xbox 360") and Xbox One® ("Xbox One"); and personal computers ("PC"), including smartphones and tablets. We deliver our products through physical retail, digital download, online platforms and cloud streaming services.

        We endeavor to be the most creative, innovative and efficient company in our industry. Our core strategy is to capitalize on the popularity of video games by developing and publishing high-quality interactive entertainment experiences across a range of genres. We focus on building compelling entertainment franchises by publishing a select number of titles for which we can create sequels and incremental revenue opportunities through add-on content, microtransactions and online play. Most of our intellectual property is internally owned and developed, which we believe best positions us financially and competitively. We have established a portfolio of proprietary software content for the major hardware platforms in a wide range of genres, including action, adventure, family/casual, racing, role-playing, shooter, sports and strategy, which we distribute worldwide. We believe that our commitment to creativity and innovation is a distinguishing strength, enabling us to differentiate our products in the marketplace by combining advanced technology with compelling storylines and characters that provide unique gameplay experiences for consumers. We have created, acquired or licensed a group of highly recognizable brands to match the broad consumer demographics we serve, ranging from adults to children and game enthusiasts to casual gamers. Another cornerstone of our strategy is to support the success of our products in the marketplace through innovative marketing programs and global distribution on all platforms and through all channels that are relevant to our target audience.

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        Our revenue is primarily derived from the sale of internally developed software titles and software titles developed by third-parties for our benefit. Operating margins are dependent in part upon our ability to release new, commercially successful software products and to manage effectively their development costs. We have internal development studios located in Canada, China, Czech Republic, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

        Software titles published by our Rockstar Games label are primarily internally developed. We expect Rockstar Games, our wholly-owned publisher of the Grand Theft Auto, Max Payne, Midnight Club, Red Dead and other popular franchises, to continue to be a leader in the action / adventure product category and to create groundbreaking entertainment by leveraging our existing titles as well as by developing new brands. We believe that Rockstar Games has established a uniquely original, popular cultural phenomenon with its Grand Theft Auto series, which is the interactive entertainment industry's most iconic and critically acclaimed brand and has sold-in over 225 million units. The latest installment, Grand Theft Auto V, was released on Sony's PS3 and Microsoft's Xbox 360 in September 2013, on Sony's PS4 and Microsoft's Xbox One in November 2014 and on PC in April 2015. Grand Theft Auto V includes access to Grand Theft Auto Online, which initially launched in October 2013. Rockstar Games is also well known for developing brands in other genres, including the L.A. Noire, Bully and Manhunt franchises. Rockstar Games continues to expand on our established franchises by developing sequels, offering downloadable episodes, content and virtual currency, and releasing titles for smartphones and tablets.

        Our 2K label has published a variety of popular entertainment properties across all key platforms and across a range of genres including shooter, action, role-playing, strategy, sports and family/casual entertainment. We expect 2K to continue to develop new, successful franchises in the future. 2K's internally owned and developed franchises include the critically acclaimed, multi-million unit selling BioShock, Mafia, Sid Meier's Civilization and XCOM series. 2K also publishes successful externally developed franchises, such as Borderlands and Evolve. 2K's realistic sports simulation titles, include our flagship NBA 2K series, which continues to be the top-ranked NBA basketball video game, and the WWE 2K professional wrestling series.

        We are continuing to execute on our growth initiatives in Asia, where our strategy is to broaden the distribution of our existing products and establish an online gaming presence, especially in China and South Korea. 2K has secured a multi-year license from the NBA to develop an online version of our NBA simulation game in China, Taiwan, South Korea and Southeast Asia. In October 2012, NBA 2K Online, our free-to-play NBA simulation game co-developed by 2K and Tencent, launched commercially on the Tencent Games portal in China. In addition, South Korean-based studio XLGAMES is presently developing Civilization Online, a new online game for Asian markets, which is planned for commercial launch in Korea during our fiscal year 2016.

Trends and Factors Affecting our Business

        Product Release Schedule.    Our financial results are affected by the timing of our product releases and the commercial success of those titles. Our Grand Theft Auto products in particular have historically accounted for a substantial portion of our revenue. Net revenue of Grand Theft Auto products generated 63.9% of the Company's net revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2015. The timing of our Grand Theft Auto releases varies significantly, which in turn may affect our financial performance on a quarterly and annual basis.

        Economic Environment and Retailer Performance.    We continue to monitor economic conditions that may unfavorably affect our businesses, such as deteriorating consumer demand, pricing pressure on our products, credit quality of our receivables, and foreign currency exchange rates. Our business is dependent upon a limited number of customers who account for a significant portion of our revenue. Our five largest customers accounted for 66.9% and 64.7% of net revenue during the six months ended

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September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. As of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, our five largest customers comprised 65.5% and 63.9% of our gross accounts receivable, respectively. We had two customers who accounted for 24.9% and 19.0% of our gross accounts receivable as of September 30, 2015 and three customers who accounted for 18.5%, 18.4% and 17.6% of our gross accounts receivable as of March 31, 2015. We did not have any additional customers that exceeded 10% of our gross accounts receivable as of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015. The economic environment has affected our customers in the past, and may do so in the future. Bankruptcies or consolidations of our large retail customers could seriously hurt our business, due to uncollectible accounts receivables and the concentration of purchasing power among the remaining large retailers. Certain of our large customers sell used copies of our games, which may negatively affect our business by reducing demand for new copies of our games. While the downloadable content that we now offer for certain of our titles may serve to reduce used game sales, we expect used game sales to continue to adversely affect our business.

        Hardware Platforms.    We derive most of our revenue from the sale of products made for video game platforms manufactured by third-parties, such as Sony's PS3 and PS4, and Microsoft's Xbox 360 and Xbox One, which comprised 84.1% of the Company's net revenue by product platform for the six months ended September 30, 2015. The success of our business is dependent upon continued consumer acceptance of these platforms and continued growth in their installed base. When new hardware platforms are introduced, demand for software used on older platforms typically declines, which may negatively affect our business during the market transition to the new consoles. We continually monitor console hardware sales. We manage our product delivery on each current and future platform in a manner we believe to be most effective to maximize our revenue opportunities and achieve the desired return on our investments in product development. Additionally, we have a limited ability to predict the consumer acceptance of the future platforms, which may affect our sales and profitability. Accordingly, our strategy is to focus our development efforts on a select number of the highest quality titles for these platforms, while also expanding our offerings for emerging platforms such as mobile and online games.

        Online Content and Digital Distribution.    The interactive entertainment software industry is delivering a growing amount of content through digital online delivery methods. We provide a variety of online delivered products and offerings. Most of our titles that are available through retailers as packaged goods products are also available through direct digital download via the Internet (from websites we own and others owned by third-parties). In addition, we aim to drive ongoing engagement and incremental revenue from recurrent consumer spending on our titles after their initial purchase through downloadable offerings, including add-on content, microtransactions and online play. We also publish an expanding variety of titles for tablets and smartphones, which are delivered to consumers through digital download via the Internet. Note 12 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, "Segment and Geographic Information," discloses that net revenue from digital online channels comprised 57.3% of the Company's net revenue by distribution channel for the six months ended September 30, 2015. We expect online delivery of games and game offerings to continue to grow and to become an increasing part of our business over the long-term.

Product Releases

        We released the following key titles during the six months ended September 30, 2015.

Title
  Publishing Label   Internal or
External Development
  Platform(s)   Date Released
Grand Theft Auto V   Rockstar Games   Internal   PC   April 14, 2015
WWE 2K15   2K   Internal/External   PC   April 28, 2015
NBA 2K16   2K   Internal   PS3, PS4, Xbox 360, Xbox One, PC   September 29, 2015

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Product Pipeline

        We have announced the following future key titles to date (this list does not represent all titles currently in development):

Title
  Publishing
Label
  Internal or
External Development
  Platform(s)   Expected Release Date

WWE 2K16

  2K   Internal/External   Xbox 360, Xbox One, PS3, PS4   October 27, 2015 (released)

XCOM 2

  2K   Internal   PC, Mac, Linux   February 5, 2016

Battleborn

  2K   External   Xbox One, PS4, PC   May 3, 2016

Mafia III

  2K   Internal   Xbox One, PS4, PC   Fiscal Year 2017

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

        Our most critical accounting policies, which are those that require significant judgment, include: revenue recognition; allowances for returns, price concessions and other allowances; capitalization and recognition of software development costs and licenses; fair value estimates including inventory obsolescence, valuation of goodwill, intangible assets and long-lived assets; valuation and recognition of stock-based compensation; and income taxes. In-depth descriptions of these can be found in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2015.

Recently Issued or Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Measurement of Inventory

        In July 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2015-11, "Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory." This new guidance requires the measurement of inventory to be reflected at the lower of cost or net realizable value for inventories measured using any method other than last-in-first-out or the retail inventory method. Currently, we value our inventory at the lower of weighted average cost or market. This update will be applied prospectively and is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016 (April 1, 2017 for the Company). Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this update on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

Internal-Use Software

        In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-05, "Customer's Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement." This update provides guidance for customers to determine whether cloud computing arrangements include software licenses. If a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license, then the customer should account for the software license element of the arrangement consistent with the acquisition of other software licenses. If a cloud computing arrangement does not include a software license, the customer should account for the arrangement as a service contract. This update can be applied prospectively to all arrangements entered into or materially modified after the effective date or retrospectively. This update is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015 (April 1, 2016 for the Company) and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this update on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs

        In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, "Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs." This new guidance requires the presentation of debt issuance costs in the balance sheet as a deduction from the carrying amount of the related debt liability. This update will be applied retrospectively and is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2015 (April 1, 2016 for the Company). Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this new guidance is not expected to have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Revenue from Contracts with Customers

        In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, as a new Topic, Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606. The new revenue recognition standard provides a five-step analysis of transactions to determine when and how revenue is recognized. The core principle is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This guidance can be adopted retrospectively to each period presented or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. In July 2015, the FASB voted to defer the effective date by one year to annual and interim years beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than the original effective date of annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company is currently determining its implementation approach and evaluating the impact of adopting this update on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

Requirements for Reporting Discontinued Operations

        In April 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-08, Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity. This new guidance raises the threshold for a disposal to qualify as discontinued operations and requires new disclosures for individually material disposal transactions that do not meet the definition of a discontinued operation. Under the new standard, companies report discontinued operations when they have a disposal that represents a strategic shift that has or will have a major impact on operations or financial results. This update was applied prospectively beginning April 1, 2015 and did not have an impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Results of Operations

        The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the percentage of net revenue represented by certain line items in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, net revenue by geographic region, net revenue by platform and net revenue by distribution channel:

 
  Three Months
Ended
September 30,
  Six Months
Ended
September 30,
 
 
  2015   2014   2015   2014  

Net revenue

    100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %

Cost of goods sold

    41.5 %   41.2 %   55.7 %   42.2 %

Gross profit

    58.5 %   58.8 %   44.3 %   57.8 %

Selling and marketing

    15.8 %   38.9 %   16.2 %   34.2 %

General and administrative

    14.4 %   34.8 %   15.9 %   33.1 %

Research and development

    7.1 %   19.4 %   9.4 %   19.3 %

Depreciation and amortization

    2.1 %   4.1 %   2.2 %   3.7 %

Total operating expenses

    39.4 %   97.2 %   43.7 %   90.3 %

Income (loss) from operations

    19.1 %   (38.4 )%   0.6 %   (32.5 )%

Interest and other, net

    (2.4 )%   (5.9 )%   (2.6 )%   (6.0 )%

Gain on long-term investments, net

    0.0 %   15.0 %   0.0 %   7.5 %

Income (loss) before income taxes

    16.7 %   (29.3 )%   (2.0 )%   (31.0 )%

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

    0.9 %   3.5 %   0.0 %   (0.5 )%

Net income (loss)

    15.8 %   (32.8 )%   (2.0 )%   (30.5 )%

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  Three Months
Ended
September 30,
  Six Months
Ended
September 30,
 
 
  2015   2014   2015   2014  

Net revenue by geographic region:

                         

United States

    53.3 %   47.0 %   52.8 %   49.3 %

International

    46.7 %   53.0 %   47.2 %   50.7 %

Net revenue by platform:

   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 

Console

    86.8 %   74.2 %   84.1 %   70.5 %

PC and other

    13.2 %   25.8 %   15.9 %   29.5 %

Net revenue by distribution channel:

   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 

Digital online

    58.3 %   63.9 %   57.3 %   63.9 %

Physical retail and other

    41.7 %   36.1 %   42.7 %   36.1 %

Three Months Ended September 30, 2015 Compared to September 30, 2014

(thousands of dollars)
  2015   %   2014   %   Increase/
(decrease)
  % Increase/
(decrease)
 

Net revenue

  $ 346,974     100.0 % $ 126,277     100.0 % $ 220,697     174.8 %

Internal royalties

    54,918     15.8 %   12,413     9.8 %   42,505     342.4 %

Software development costs and royalties(1)          

    40,014     11.5 %   16,343     12.9 %   23,671     144.8 %

Product costs

    38,777     11.2 %   18,761     14.9 %   20,016     106.7 %

Licenses

    10,231     3.0 %   4,499     3.6 %   5,732     127.4 %

Cost of goods sold

    143,940     41.5 %   52,016     41.2 %   91,924     176.7 %

Gross profit

  $ 203,034     58.5 % $ 74,261     58.8 % $ 128,773     173.4 %

(1)
Includes $4,110 and $1,268 of stock-based compensation expense in 2015 and 2014, respectively, included in software development costs and royalties.

        For the three months ended September 30, 2015, net revenue increased by $220.7 million as compared to the prior year. This increase was due primarily to an increase of $170.9 million in revenue from our Grand Theft Auto franchise, mainly due to the recognition of previously deferred revenue from the console versions of Grand Theft Auto V and Grand Theft Auto Online during the current period and the release of Grand Theft Auto V on PC in April 2015. The remainder of the increase was due primarily to higher year-over-year net revenue from our NBA 2K franchise.

        Net revenue from console games increased to 86.8% of our total net revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to 74.2% for the same period in the prior year, as this year's results benefited from the recognition of previously deferred revenue from the console versions of Grand Theft Auto V and Grand Theft Auto Online. As a result, although net revenue from PC and other increased, the percentage of PC and other to total net revenue decreased to 13.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to 25.8% for the prior year's period.

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        Net revenue from physical retail and other channels increased to 41.7% of our total net revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to 36.1% for the same period in the prior year, as we recognized previously deferred revenue from the console versions of Grand Theft Auto V. As a result, net revenue from digital online channels decreased to 58.3% of our total net revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to 63.9% for the same period in the prior year. Recurrent consumer spending (including add-on content, microtransactions and online play) increased to 66.4% of net revenue from digital online channels for the three months ended September 30, 2015 as compared to 54.3% of net revenue from digital online channels for the three months ended September 30, 2014, due primarily to the recognition of previously deferred revenue related to virtual currency for Grand Theft Auto Online and NBA 2K.

        Gross profit as a percentage of net revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2015 of 58.5% was slightly lower as compared to 58.8% for the prior year period. The slight decrease was due primarily to higher internal royalties earned by our labels, driven by the performance of our Grand Theft Auto franchise, which was mostly offset by lower product cost as a percentage of net revenues primarily due to a greater share of net revenue in the current period being generated from a product mix with higher selling price points.

        Net revenue earned outside of the United States accounted for 46.7% of our total net revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to 53.0% in the prior year. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates decreased net revenue and gross profit by $8.8 million and $6.1 million, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2015 as compared to the prior year.

Operating Expenses

(thousands of dollars)
  2015   % of net
revenue
  2014   % of net
revenue
  Increase/
(decrease)
  % Increase/
(decrease)
 

Selling and marketing

  $ 54,876     15.8 % $ 49,136     38.9 % $ 5,740     11.7 %

General and administrative

    49,961     14.4 %   43,975     34.8 %   5,986     13.6 %

Research and development

    24,413     7.1 %   24,533     19.4 %   (120 )   (0.5 )%

Depreciation and amortization

    7,353     2.1 %   5,130     4.1 %   2,223     43.3 %

Total operating expenses(1)

  $ 136,603     39.4 % $ 122,774     97.2 % $ 13,829     11.3 %

(1)
Includes stock-based compensation expense, which was allocated as follows (in thousands):

 
  2015   2014  

Selling and marketing

  $ 2,112   $ 2,249  

General and administrative

  $ 9,070   $ 9,095  

Research and development

  $ 1,028   $ 1,256  

        Changes in foreign currency exchange rates decreased total operating expenses by $3.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015 as compared to the prior year.

Selling and marketing

        Selling and marketing expenses increased by $5.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to the prior year, due primarily to $2.8 million in higher advertising expenses. The higher advertising expenses relate to our NBA 2K franchise and the upcoming release of Mafia III, partially offset by lower advertising spend on Grand Theft Auto V for Sony's PS4 and Microsoft's Xbox One, and other titles released in the prior fiscal year. Additionally, third party customer service costs increased year-over-year by $2.3 million.

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General and administrative

        General and administrative expenses increased by $6.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to the prior year, due to an increase of $2.6 million for personnel and consulting expenses, due primarily to higher performance-based incentive compensation. In addition, $2.5 million of the increase related to higher personnel costs resulting from increased headcount and current year severance costs.

        General and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 include occupancy expense (primarily rent, utilities and office expenses) of $4.3 million and $4.6 million, respectively, related to our development studios.

Research and development

        Research and development expenses were approximately unchanged for the three months ended September 30, 2015 as compared to the prior year.

Depreciation and Amortization

        Depreciation and amortization expenses increased by $2.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to the prior year, due primarily to higher purchases of fixed assets for studio and information technology infrastructure build-outs.

Interest and other, net

        Interest and other, net was an expense of $8.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to an expense of $7.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2014. The increase to expense was due primarily to foreign exchange transaction losses of $0.9 million.

Gain on long-term investment, net

        The Company held an investment in Twitch Interactive, Inc.'s ("Twitch") Class C Preferred stock, which was accounted for under the cost method of accounting. During the three months ended September 30, 2014, the Company recognized a pretax gain of $19.0 million in connection with the sale of Twitch.

Provision for Income Taxes

        Provision for income taxes was $3.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to $4.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2014. The decrease was primarily attributable to tax expense recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2014 in connection with the sale of the Twitch investment.

        Our effective tax rate differed from the federal statutory rate due primarily to changes in valuation allowances related to tax loss and tax credit carryforwards anticipated to be utilized.

        We are regularly audited by domestic and foreign taxing authorities. Audits may result in tax assessments in excess of amounts claimed and the payment of additional taxes. We believe that our tax positions comply with applicable tax law, and that we have adequately provided for reasonably foreseeable tax assessments.

Net income (loss) and earnings (loss) per share

        For the three months ended September 30, 2015, our net income was $54.7 million, as compared to a net loss of $41.4 million in the prior year's period. For the three months ended September 30, 2015, basic earnings per share was $0.63 as compared to a net loss per share of $0.51 in the prior year's

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period, and diluted earnings per share was $0.55 as compared to a net loss per share of $0.51 in the prior year's period. Basic weighted average shares of 83.8 million were 3.5 million shares higher as compared to the prior year, due primarily to the vesting of restricted stock awards. See Note 10 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding earnings (loss) per share.

Six Months Ended September 30, 2015 Compared to September 30, 2014

(thousands of dollars)
  2015   %   2014   %   Increase/
(decrease)
  % Increase/
(decrease)
 

Net revenue

  $ 622,271     100.0 % $ 251,702     100.0 % $ 370,569     147.2 %

Internal royalties

    160,747     25.8 %   20,711     8.2 %   140,036     676.1 %

Software development costs and royalties(1)          

    90,507     14.5 %   36,649     14.6 %   53,858     147.0 %

Product costs

    78,718     12.7 %   37,353     14.8 %   41,365     110.7 %

Licenses

    16,583     2.7 %   11,459     4.6 %   5,124     44.7 %

Cost of goods sold

    346,555     55.7 %   106,172     42.2 %   240,383     226.4 %

Gross profit

  $ 275,716     44.3 % $ 145,530     57.8 % $ 130,186     89.5 %

(1)
Includes $8,804 and $2,739 of stock-based compensation expense in 2015 and 2014, respectively, included in software development costs and royalties.

        For the six months ended September 30, 2015, net revenue increased by $370.6 million, as compared to the prior year. This increase was due primarily to an increase of $298.2 million in revenue from our Grand Theft Auto franchise, mainly due to the recognition of previously deferred revenue from the console versions of Grand Theft Auto V and Grand Theft Auto Online during the current period and the release of Grand Theft Auto V on PC in April 2015. The remainder of the increase was due primarily to the recognition of previously deferred revenue from Evolve, and higher net revenue from our NBA 2K franchise.

        Net revenue from console games increased to 84.1% of our total net revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2015 as compared to 70.5% for the same period in the prior year, as this year's results benefited from the recognition of previously deferred revenue from the console versions of Grand Theft Auto V and Grand Theft Auto Online. As a result, although net revenue from PC and other increased, the percentage of PC and other to total net revenue decreased to 15.9% for the six months ended September 30, 2015 as compared to 29.5% for the prior year's period.

        Net revenue from physical retail and other channels increased to 42.7% of our total net revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2015 as compared to 36.1% for the same period in the prior year, as we recognized previously deferred revenue from the console versions of Grand Theft Auto V. As a result, net revenue from digital online channels decreased to 57.3% of our total net revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2015 as compared to 63.9% for the same period in the prior year. Recurrent consumer spending (including add-on content, microtransactions and online play) increased to 61.0% of net revenue from digital online channels for the six months ended September 30, 2015 as compared to 47.9% of net revenue from digital online channels for the six months ended September 30, 2014, due primarily to the recognition of previously deferred revenue related to virtual currency for Grand Theft Auto Online and NBA 2K.

        Gross profit as a percentage of net revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2015 was 44.3% as compared to 57.8% for the prior year's period. The decrease was due primarily to higher internal royalties earned by our labels, driven by the performance of our Grand Theft Auto franchise.

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        Net revenue earned outside of the United States accounted for 47.2% of our total net revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to 50.7% in the prior year. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates decreased net revenue and gross profit by $17.4 million and $12.3 million, respectively, for the six months ended September 30, 2015 as compared to the prior year.

Operating Expenses

(thousands of dollars)
  2015   % of net
revenue
  2014   % of net
revenue
  Increase/
(decrease)
  % Increase/
(decrease)
 

Selling and marketing

  $ 100,443     16.2 % $ 85,982     34.2 % $ 14,461     16.8 %

General and administrative

    98,996     15.9 %   83,327     33.1 %   15,669     18.8 %

Research and development

    58,555     9.4 %   48,665     19.3 %   9,890     20.3 %

Depreciation and amortization

    13,928     2.2 %   9,278     3.7 %   4,650     50.1 %

Total operating expenses(1)

  $ 271,922     43.7 % $ 227,252     90.3 % $ 44,670     19.7 %

(1)
Includes stock-based compensation expense, which was allocated as follows (in thousands):

 
  2015   2014  

Selling and marketing

  $ 4,495   $ 4,249  

General and administrative

  $ 19,563   $ 14,055  

Research and development

  $ 2,544   $ 2,803  

        Changes in foreign currency exchange rates decreased total operating expenses by $8.1 million for the six months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to the prior year.

Selling and marketing

        Selling and marketing expenses increased by $14.5 million for the six months ended September 30, 2015 as compared to the prior year, due primarily to $6.9 million in higher third party customer service costs and $6.5 million in higher advertising expenses. The higher advertising expenses relate to our NBA 2K franchise and the upcoming releases of Battleborn and Mafia III, partially offset by lower advertising spend on Grand Theft Auto V for Sony's PS4 and Microsoft's Xbox One, and Borderlands: The Pre-Sequel, which both released in the prior fiscal year.

General and administrative

        General and administrative expenses increased by $15.7 million for the six months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to the prior year, due to an increase of $5.5 million related to stock-based compensation, which was due primarily to this year's grants of employee restricted stock having a higher fair value on the grant date, and to higher ZelnickMedia stock-based compensation expense resulting from the Company's relative stock price performance during the six months ended September 30, 2015. Also contributing to the increase was $3.3 million related to higher headcount and severance costs, and $2.7 million in increased personnel and consulting expenses mainly due to higher performance based incentive compensation. In addition, there was $1.2 million in increased restructuring costs due to a studio closure and $1.1 million in increased IT spend.

        General and administrative expenses for the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 include occupancy expense (primarily rent, utilities and office expenses) of $9.1 million and $8.8 million, respectively, related to our development studios.

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Research and development

        Research and development expenses increased by $9.9 million for the six months ended September 30, 2015 as compared to the prior year due to $6.6 million in higher production expenses for new titles in development that had not reached technological feasibility and $3.0 million in lower government grants recognized at certain of our development studios.

Depreciation and Amortization

        Depreciation and amortization expenses increased by $4.7 million for the six months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to the prior year, due primarily to higher purchases of fixed assets for studio and information technology infrastructure build-outs.

Interest and other, net

        Interest and other, net was an expense of $15.9 million for the six months ended September 30, 2015, as compared to an expense of $15.2 million for the six months ended September 30, 2014. The increase to expense was due primarily to foreign exchange transaction losses of $0.9 million, partially offset by higher interest income of $0.4 million.

Gain on long-term investments, net

        The Company held an investment in Twitch Interactive, Inc.'s ("Twitch") Class C Preferred stock, which was accounted for under the cost method of accounting. During the six months ended September 30, 2014, the Company recognized a pretax gain of $19.0 million in connection with the sale of Twitch.

Provision for (Benefit from) Income Taxes

        Provision for income taxes was $0.2 million for the six months ended September 30, 2015 as compared to a benefit of $1.2 million for the six months ended September 30, 2014. The increase in tax expense is primarily attributable to foreign withholding taxes and increased current earnings.

        Our effective tax rate differed from the federal statutory rate due primarily to changes in valuation allowances related to tax loss and tax credit carryforwards anticipated to be utilized.

        We are regularly audited by domestic and foreign taxing authorities. Audits may result in tax assessments in excess of amounts claimed and the payment of additional taxes. We believe that our tax positions comply with applicable tax law, and that we have adequately provided for reasonably foreseeable tax assessments.

Net loss and loss per share

        For the six months ended September 30, 2015, our net loss was $12.3 million, as compared to $76.8 million in the prior year's period. For the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, basic and diluted loss per share were $0.15 and $0.96, respectively. Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding of 83.3 million were 3.4 million shares higher as compared to the prior year, due primarily to the vesting of restricted stock awards. See Note 10 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding loss per share.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

        Our primary cash requirements have been to fund (i) the development, manufacturing and marketing of our published products, (ii) working capital, (iii) acquisitions and (iv) capital expenditures.

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We expect to rely on funds provided by our operating activities, our Credit Agreement and our Convertible Notes to satisfy our working capital needs.

Short-term Investments

        As of September 30, 2015, the Company has $353.0 million of short-term investments, which are highly liquid in nature and represent an investment of cash that is available for current operations. From time to time, the Company may purchase additional short-term investments depending on future market conditions and liquidity needs.

Credit Agreement

        In August 2014, we entered into a Third Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated October 2011 Credit Agreement (the "Credit Agreement"). The Credit Agreement provides for borrowings of up to $100.0 million which may be increased by up to $40.0 million pursuant to the terms of the Credit Agreement, and is secured by substantially all of our assets and the equity of our subsidiaries. The Credit Agreement expires on August 18, 2019. Revolving loans under the Credit Agreement bear interest at our election of (a) 0.50% to 1.00% above a certain base rate (3.75% at September 30, 2015), or (b) 1.50% to 2.00% above the LIBOR Rate (approximately 1.69% at September 30, 2015), with the margin rate subject to the achievement of certain average liquidity levels. We are also required to pay a monthly fee on the unused available balance, ranging from 0.25% to 0.375% based on availability.

        Availability under the Credit Agreement is restricted by our United States and United Kingdom based accounts receivable and inventory balances. The Credit Agreement also allows for the issuance of letters of credit in an aggregate amount of up to $5.0 million.

        As of September 30, 2015, there was $98.3 million available to borrow under the Credit Agreement. At September 30, 2015, we had no outstanding borrowings under the Credit Agreement and $1.7 million of letters of credit outstanding.

        The Credit Agreement contains covenants that substantially limit us and our subsidiaries' ability to: create, incur, assume or be liable for indebtedness; dispose of assets outside the ordinary course of business; acquire, merge or consolidate with or into another person or entity; create, incur or allow any lien on any of their respective properties; make investments; or pay dividends or make distributions (each subject to certain limitations); or optionally prepay any indebtedness (subject to certain exceptions, including an exception permitting the redemption of the Company's unsecured convertible senior notes upon the meeting of certain minimum liquidity requirements). In addition, the Credit Agreement provides for certain events of default such as nonpayment of principal and interest, breaches of representations and warranties, noncompliance with covenants, acts of insolvency, default on indebtedness held by third parties and default on certain material contracts (subject to certain limitations and cure periods). The Credit Agreement also contains a requirement that we maintain an interest coverage ratio of more than one to one for the trailing twelve month period, if certain average liquidity levels fall below $30.0 million. As of September 30, 2015, we were in compliance with all covenants and requirements outlined in the Credit Agreement.

1.75% Convertible Notes Due 2016

        On November 16, 2011, we issued $250.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.75% Convertible Notes due 2016 (the "1.75% Convertible Notes"). Interest on the 1.75% Convertible Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on June 1st and December 1st of each year, commencing on June 1, 2012. The 1.75% Convertible Notes mature on December 1, 2016, unless earlier repurchased by the Company or converted. The Company does not have the right to redeem the 1.75% Convertible Notes prior to maturity.

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        The 1.75% Convertible Notes are convertible at an initial conversion rate of 52.3745 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of 1.75% Convertible Notes (representing an initial conversion price of approximately $19.093 per share of common stock for a total of approximately 13,094,000 underlying conversion shares) subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. Holders may convert the 1.75% Convertible Notes at their option prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding June 1, 2016, only under the following circumstances: (1) during any fiscal quarter commencing after March 31, 2012, if the last reported sale price of the common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the preceding fiscal quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the applicable conversion price on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five business day period after any 10 consecutive trading day period (the "measurement period") in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of 1.75% Convertible Notes for each day of that measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock and the applicable conversion rate on each such day; or (3) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On and after June 1, 2016 until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert their 1.75% Convertible Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances. Upon conversion, the 1.75% Convertible Notes may be settled, at our election, in cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of the Company's common stock. Our common stock price exceeded 130% of the applicable conversion price per share for at least 20 trading days during the 30 consecutive trading days ended September 30, 2015. Accordingly, as of October 1, 2015 the 1.75% Convertible Notes may be converted at the holder's option through December 31, 2015. If the 1.75% Convertible Notes were to be converted during this period, our current intent and ability, given our option, would be to settle the conversion in shares of our common stock. As such, we have continued to classify these 1.75% Convertible Notes as long-term debt.

        The indenture governing the 1.75% Convertible Notes contains customary terms and covenants and events of default. As of September 30, 2015, we were in compliance with all covenants and requirements outlined in the indenture governing the 1.75% Convertible Notes.

1.00% Convertible Notes Due 2018

        On June 18, 2013, we issued $250.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.00% Convertible Notes due 2018 (the "1.00% Convertible Notes" and together with the 1.75% Convertible Notes, the "Convertible Notes"). The 1.00% Convertible Notes were issued at 98.5% of par value for proceeds of $246.3 million. Interest on the 1.00% Convertible Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on July 1st and January 1st of each year, commencing on January 1, 2014. The 1.00% Convertible Notes mature on July 1, 2018, unless earlier repurchased by the Company or converted. The Company does not have the right to redeem the 1.00% Convertible Notes prior to maturity. The Company also granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional $37.5 million principal amount of 1.00% Convertible Notes to cover overallotments, if any. On July 17, 2013, the Company closed its public offering of $37.5 million principal amount of the Company's 1.00% Convertible Notes as a result of the underwriters exercising their overallotment option in full on July 12, 2013, bringing the proceeds to $283.2 million.

        The 1.00% Convertible Notes are convertible at an initial conversion rate of 46.4727 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of 1.00% Convertible Notes (representing an initial conversion price of approximately $21.52 per share of common stock for a total of approximately 13,361,000 underwriting conversion shares) subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. Holders may convert the 1.00% Convertible Notes at their option prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding January 1, 2018, only under the following circumstances: (1) during any fiscal quarter commencing after September 30, 2013, if the last reported sale price of the common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days

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ending on the last trading day of the preceding fiscal quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the applicable conversion price on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five business day period after any 10 consecutive trading day period (the "measurement period") in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of 1.00% Convertible Notes for each day of that measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock and the applicable conversion rate on each such day; or (3) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. On and after January 1, 2018 until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert their 1.00% Convertible Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances. Upon conversion, the 1.00% Convertible Notes may be settled, at our election, in cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of the Company's common stock. Our common stock price exceeded 130% of the applicable conversion price per share for at least 20 trading days during the 30 consecutive trading days ended September 30, 2015. Accordingly, as of October 1, 2015 the 1.00% Convertible Notes may be converted at the holder's option through December 31, 2015. If the 1.00% Convertible Notes were to be converted during this period, our current intent and ability, given our option, would be to settle the conversion in shares of our common stock. As such, we have continued to classify these 1.00% Convertible Notes as long-term debt.

        The indenture governing the 1.00% Convertible Notes contains customary terms and covenants and events of default. As of September 30, 2015, we were in compliance with all covenants and requirements outlined in the indenture governing the 1.00% Convertible Notes.

Financial Condition

        We are subject to credit risks, particularly if any of our receivables represent a limited number of customers or are concentrated in foreign markets. If we are unable to collect our accounts receivable as they become due, it could adversely affect our liquidity and working capital position.

        Generally, we have been able to collect our accounts receivable in the ordinary course of business. We do not hold any collateral to secure payment from customers. We have trade credit insurance on the majority of our customers to mitigate accounts receivable risk.

        A majority of our trade receivables are derived from sales to major retailers and distributors. Our five largest customers accounted for 66.9% and 64.7% of net revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. As of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, our five largest customers accounted for 65.5% and 63.9% of our gross accounts receivable balance, respectively. We had two customers who accounted for 24.9% and 19.0% of our gross accounts receivable as of September 30, 2015 and three customers who accounted for 18.5%, 18.4% and 17.6% of our gross accounts receivable as of March 31, 2015. We did not have any additional customers that exceeded 10% of our gross accounts receivable as of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015. Based upon performing ongoing credit evaluations, maintaining trade credit insurance on a majority of our customers and our past collection experience, we believe that the receivable balances from these largest customers do not represent a significant credit risk, although we actively monitor each customer's credit worthiness and economic conditions that may affect our customers' business and access to capital. We are monitoring the current global economic conditions, including credit markets and other factors as it relates to our customers in order to manage the risk of uncollectible accounts receivable.

        We believe our current cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and projected cash flow from operations, along with availability under our Credit Agreement will provide us with sufficient liquidity to satisfy our cash requirements for working capital, capital expenditures and commitments through at least the next 12 months.

        As of September 30, 2015, the amount of cash and cash equivalents held outside of the U.S. by our foreign subsidiaries was $157.5 million. These balances are dispersed across various locations around the world. We believe that such dispersion meets the business and liquidity needs of our foreign

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affiliates. In addition, the Company expects in the foreseeable future to have the ability to generate sufficient cash domestically to support ongoing operations. Consequently, it is the Company's intention to indefinitely reinvest undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries. In the event the Company needed to repatriate funds outside of the U.S., such repatriation may be subject to local laws and tax consequences including foreign withholding taxes or U.S. income taxes. It is not practicable to estimate the tax liability and the Company would try to minimize the tax impact to the extent possible. However, any repatriation may not result in significant cash payments as the taxable event would likely be offset by the utilization of the then available tax credits.

        On May 13, 2015, our Board of Directors approved an increase of 6,717,683 shares to our share repurchase program, increasing the total number of shares that we are permitted to repurchase to 14,217,683 shares of our common stock. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2015, we repurchased 953,647 shares of our common stock in the open market for $26.6 million as part of the program. We have repurchased a total of 5,171,330 shares of our common stock under this program and as of September 30, 2015, 9,046,353 shares of our common stock remain available for repurchase under the Company's share repurchase program.

        The Company is authorized to purchase shares from time to time through a variety of methods, including in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions, in accordance with applicable securities laws. It does not obligate the Company to make any purchases at any specific time or situation. Repurchases are subject to the availability of stock, prevailing market conditions, the trading price of the stock, the Company's financial performance and other conditions. The program may be suspended or discontinued at any time for any reason.

        Our changes in cash flows were as follows:

 
  Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
(thousands of dollars)
  2015   2014  

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

  $ 20,014   $ (131,822 )

Net cash used in investing activities

    (193,181 )   (50,669 )

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

    (27,409 )   4,843  

Effects of foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents

    1,169     (3,342 )

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

  $ (199,407 ) $ (180,990 )

        At September 30, 2015, we had $711.7 million of cash and cash equivalents, compared to $911.1 million at March 31, 2015. The decrease in cash and cash equivalents was due primarily to cash used in investing activities partially offset by cash provided by operating activities. Net cash used in investing activities related to net purchases of $167.4 million of short-term investments and $25.8 million for purchases of fixed assets. Net cash provided by operations was due primarily to cash generated from the sale of Grand Theft Auto V partially offset by investments in software development. Additionally, during the six months ended September 30, 2015, we used cash in financing activities of $27.4 million, of which $26.6 million was to repurchase shares of our common stock.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

        We have entered into various agreements in the ordinary course of business that require substantial cash commitments over the next several years. Other than agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business and in addition to the agreements requiring known cash commitments as reported in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2015, we did not have any significant changes to our commitments since March 31, 2015.

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

        As of September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, we did not have any material relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial parties, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or variable interest entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. As such, we are not exposed to any financing, liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if we had engaged in such relationships.

International Operations

        Net revenue earned outside of the United States is principally generated by our operations in Europe, Asia, Australia, Canada and Latin America. For the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, 46.7% and 53.0%, respectively, of our net revenue was earned outside of the United States. For the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, 47.2% and 50.7%, respectively, of our net revenue was earned outside of the United States. We are subject to risks inherent in foreign trade, including increased credit risks, tariffs and duties, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, shipping delays and international political, regulatory and economic developments, all of which can have a significant effect on our operating results.

Fluctuations in Quarterly Operating Results and Seasonality

        We have experienced fluctuations in quarterly operating results as a result of the timing of the introduction of new titles; variations in sales of titles developed for particular platforms; market acceptance of our titles; development and promotional expenses relating to the introduction of new titles; sequels or enhancements of existing titles; projected and actual changes in platforms; the timing and success of title introductions by our competitors; product returns; changes in pricing policies by us and our competitors; the accuracy of retailers' forecasts of consumer demand; the size and timing of acquisitions; the timing of orders from major customers; and order cancellations and delays in product shipment. Sales of our titles are also seasonal, with peak shipments typically occurring in the fourth calendar quarter as a result of increased demand for titles during the holiday season. Quarterly comparisons of operating results are not necessarily indicative of future operating results.

Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

        Market risk is the potential loss arising from fluctuations in market rates and prices. Our market risk exposures primarily include fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates.

Interest Rate Risk

        Our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates relates primarily to our short-term investment portfolio and variable rate debt under the Credit Agreement.

        We manage our interest rate risk by maintaining a short-term investment portfolio that consists primarily of corporate bonds with high credit quality and maturities less than two years. Since short-term investments mature relatively quickly and can be reinvested at the then-current market rates, interest income on a portfolio consisting of short-term securities is more subject to market fluctuations than a portfolio of longer term maturities. However, the fair value of a short-term portfolio is less sensitive to market fluctuations than a portfolio of longer term securities. We do not currently use derivative financial instruments in our short-term investment portfolio. Our investments are held for purposes other than trading.

        As of September 30, 2015, our $353.0 million of short-term investments included $104.4 million of available-for-sale securities. The available-for-sale securities were recorded at fair market value with unrealized gains or losses resulting from changes in fair value reported as a separate component of

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accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, in stockholders' equity. We also had $711.7 million of cash and cash equivalents that are comprised primarily of money market funds and bank-time deposits. The Company has determined that, based on the composition of our investment portfolio, there was no material interest rate risk exposure to the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements or liquidity as of September 30, 2015.

        Historically, fluctuations in interest rates have not had a significant impact on our operating results. Under our Credit Agreement, outstanding balances bear interest at our election of (a) 0.50% to 1.00% above a certain base rate (3.75% at September 30, 2015), or (b) 1.50% to 2.00% above the LIBOR rate (approximately 1.69% at September 30, 2015), with the margin rate subject to the achievement of certain average liquidity levels. Changes in market rates may impact our future interest expense if there is an outstanding balance on our line of credit. The 1.00% Convertible Notes and 1.75% Convertible Notes pay interest semi-annually at a fixed rate of 1.00% and 1.75%, respectively, per annum and we expect that there will be no fluctuation in rates related to the Convertible Notes impacting our cash component of interest expense. For additional details on our Convertible Notes see Note 9 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

        We transact business in foreign currencies and are exposed to risks resulting from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. Accounts relating to foreign operations are translated into United States dollars using prevailing exchange rates at the relevant period end. Translation adjustments are included as a separate component of stockholders' equity. For the six months ended September 30, 2015, our foreign currency translation gain adjustment was $1.3 million. We recognized foreign currency exchange transaction losses of $0.9 million in the three months ended September 30, 2015, in interest and other, net in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. We recognized foreign currency exchange transaction losses of $1.1 million and $0.2 million in the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively, in interest and other, net in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Balance Sheet Hedging Activities

        We use foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate foreign currency exchange rate risk associated with non-functional currency denominated cash balances and inter-company funding loans, non-functional currency denominated accounts receivable and non-functional currency denominated accounts payable. These transactions are not designated as hedging instruments and are accounted for as derivatives whereby the fair value of the contracts is reported as either assets or liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and gains and losses resulting from changes in the fair value are reported in interest and other, net, in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. We do not enter into derivative financial contracts for speculative or trading purposes. At September 30, 2015, we had $2.2 million of forward contracts outstanding to buy foreign currencies in exchange for U.S. dollars and $76.0 million of forward contracts outstanding to sell foreign currencies in exchange for U.S. dollars all of which have maturities of less than one year. At March 31, 2015, we had $4.1 million of forward contracts outstanding to buy foreign currencies in exchange for U.S. dollars and $72.5 million of forward contracts outstanding to sell foreign currencies in exchange for U.S. dollars all of which have maturities of less than one year. For the three months September 30, 2015 and 2014, we recorded a gain of $0.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively, related to foreign currency forward contracts in interest and other, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. For the six months September 30, 2015 and 2014, we recorded a loss of $0.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively, related to foreign currency forward contracts in interest and other, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The fair value of these outstanding forward contracts was $0.2 million and is included in accrued and other current liabilities at September 30, 2015 and

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$0.6 million at March 31, 2015 and is included in prepaid expenses and other. The fair value of these outstanding forward contracts is estimated based on the prevailing exchange rates of the various hedged currencies as of the end of the period.

        Our hedging programs are designed to reduce, but do not entirely eliminate, the effect of currency exchange rate movements. We believe the counterparties to these foreign currency forward contracts are creditworthy multinational commercial banks and that the risk of counterparty nonperformance is not material. Notwithstanding our efforts to mitigate some foreign currency exchange rate risks, there can be no assurance that our hedging activities will adequately protect us against the risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations. For the six months ended September 30, 2015, 47.2% of the Company's revenue was generated outside the United States. Using sensitivity analysis, a hypothetical 10% increase in the value of the U.S. dollar against all currencies would decrease revenue by 4.7%, while a hypothetical 10% decrease in the value of the U.S. dollar against all currencies would increase revenue by 4.7%. In the opinion of management, a substantial portion of this fluctuation would be offset by cost of goods sold and operating expenses incurred in local currency.

Item 4.    Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

        Based on an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of management, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended ("Exchange Act") were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

        There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2015, which were identified in connection with management's evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.    Legal Proceedings

        We are, or may become, subject to demands and claims (including intellectual property claims) and are involved in routine litigation in the ordinary course of business which we do not believe to be material to our business or financial statements. We have appropriately accrued amounts related to certain of these claims and legal and other proceedings. While it is reasonably possible that a loss may be incurred in excess of the amounts accrued in our financial statements, we believe that such losses, unless otherwise disclosed, would not be material.

Item 1A.    Risk Factors

        There have been no material changes to the Risk Factors disclosed in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2015.

Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

        Share Repurchase Program—In January 2013, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 7,500,000 shares of our common stock. On May 13, 2015, our Board of Directors approved an increase of 6,717,683 shares to our share repurchase program, increasing the total number of shares that we are permitted to repurchase to 14,217,683 shares of our common stock. The authorizations permit us to purchase shares from time to time through a variety of methods, including in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions, in accordance with applicable securities laws. It does not obligate us to make any purchases at any specific time or situation. Repurchases are subject to the availability of stock, prevailing market conditions, the trading price of the stock, our financial performance and other conditions. The program may be suspended or discontinued at any time for any reason. As of September 30, 2015, 9,046,353 shares of common stock remain available for repurchase under the Company's share repurchase program.

        Summary Table—The table below details the share repurchases that were made under the Company's share repurchase program during the three months ended September 30, 2015:

 
  Shares repurchased under
repurchase program
   
   
 
Period
  Shares
purchased
  Average price
per share
  Total number of shares
purchased as part of publicly
announced plans or programs
  Maximum number of shares that
may yet be purchased under the
repurchase program
 

July 1 - 31, 2015

      $         10,000,000  

August 1 - 31, 2015

    953,647   $ 27.84     953,647     9,046,353  

September 1 - 30, 2015

      $         9,046,353  

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Item 6.    Exhibits

Exhibits:    
  31.1   Chief Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

31.2

 

Chief Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

32.1

 

Chief Executive Officer Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

32.2

 

Chief Financial Officer Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

101.INS

 

XBRL Instance Document.

 

101.SCH

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

 

101.CAL

 

XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document.

 

101.LAB

 

XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document.

 

101.PRE

 

XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document.

 

101.DEF

 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Document.

        Attached as Exhibit 101 to this report are the following formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2015 and March 31, 2015, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014; and (v) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

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SIGNATURES

        Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

    TAKE-TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE, INC.
(Registrant)

Date: November 5, 2015

 

By:

 

/s/ STRAUSS ZELNICK

Strauss Zelnick
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: November 5, 2015

 

By:

 

/s/ LAINIE GOLDSTEIN

Lainie Goldstein
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

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