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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(MARK ONE)
| x | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2012
OR
| ¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 000-26058
KFORCE INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
| FLORIDA | 59-3264661 | |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(IRS Employer Identification No.) |
| 1001 EAST PALM AVENUE, TAMPA, FLORIDA | 33605 | |
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
REGISTRANT’S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE: (813) 552-5000
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
| TITLE OF EACH CLASS |
NAME OF EACH EXCHANGE ON WHICH REGISTERED | |
| None | None |
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT:
Common Stock, $0.01 par value
(Title of class)
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
| Large accelerated filer ¨ | Accelerated filer | x | ||
| Non-accelerated filer ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company | ¨ | ||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act.): Yes ¨ No x
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, June 29, 2012, was approximately $388,856,835. For purposes of this determination, common stock held by each officer and director and by each person who owns 10% or more of the registrant’s outstanding common stock have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock as of February 18, 2013, was 34,865,296.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:
| Document |
Parts Into Which Incorporated | |
| Portions of Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held April 5, 2013 (“Proxy Statement”) | Part III |
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KFORCE INC.
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2012
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
References in this document to “the Registrant,” “Kforce,” “we,” “the Firm,” “our” or “us” refer to Kforce Inc. and its subsidiaries, except where the context otherwise requires or indicates.
This report, particularly Item 1. Business, Item 1A. Risk Factors, and Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”), and the documents we incorporate into this report, contains certain statements that are, or may be deemed to be, forward-looking statements within the meaning of that term in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and are made in reliance upon the protections provided by such acts for forward-looking statements. Such statements may include, but may not be limited to, projections of revenue, income, losses, cash flows, capital expenditures, future prospects, anticipated costs and benefits of proposed (or future) acquisitions, integration of acquisitions, plans for future operations, capabilities of business operations, effects of interest rate variations, our ability to obtain financing and favorable terms, financing needs or plans, plans relating to services of Kforce, estimates concerning the effects of litigation or other disputes, estimates concerning our ability to collect on our accounts receivable, expectations of the economic environment, developments within the staffing sector including, but not limited to, the penetration rate and growth in temporary staffing, estimates concerning goodwill impairment, as well as assumptions as to any of the foregoing and all statements that are not based on historical fact but rather reflect our current expectations concerning future results and events. For a further list and description of various risks, relevant factors and uncertainties that could cause future results or events to differ materially from those expressed or implied in our forward-looking statements, see the Risk Factors and MD&A sections. In addition, when used in this discussion, the terms “anticipates,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “will,” “may,” “should” and variations thereof and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted. Future events and actual results could differ materially from those set forth in or underlying the forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements contained in this report, which speak only as of the date of this report. Kforce undertakes no obligation to publicly publish the results of any adjustments to these forward-looking statements that may be made to reflect events on or after the date of this report or to reflect the occurrence of unexpected events.
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PART I
| Item 1. | Business. |
Company Overview
We are a provider of professional and technical specialty staffing services and solutions and operate through our corporate headquarters in Tampa, Florida, 62 field offices located throughout the United States and one office in Manila, Philippines. Kforce was incorporated in 1994 but its predecessor companies, Romac & Associates, Inc. and Source Services Corporation have been providing staffing services since 1962. Kforce completed its Initial Public Offering in August 1995.
We provide our clients staffing services and solutions through four operating segments: Technology (“Tech”), Finance and Accounting (“FA”), Health Information Management (“HIM”) and Government Solutions (“GS”). Kforce organizes and manages its Tech and FA segments on a geographical basis: East and West. We believe this operational alignment supports a more customer-centric organization, leverages our strongest leaders, leverages client relationships across functional offerings, and streamlines the organization by placing senior management closer to the customer. Our Tech segment includes the results of Kforce Global Solutions, Inc. (“Global”), a wholly-owned subsidiary, which has an office in the Philippines. HIM and GS segments are organized and managed by specialty because of the unique operating characteristics of each business.
The following charts depict the percentage of our total revenues for each of our segments for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010:
Tech
We provide both temporary staffing and permanent placement services to our clients, focusing primarily on areas of information technology such as systems/applications programmers and developers, senior-level project managers, systems analysts, enterprise data management and e-business and networking technicians. The average bill rate for our Tech segment for 2012 was approximately $65.00 per hour. Our Tech segment provides service to clients in a variety of industries with a strong footprint in healthcare, financial services and government integrators. A report published by Staffing Industry Analysts (“SIA”) during 2012 indicated that information technology is expected to continue strong growth in the staffing market. The report also mentioned that technology staffing companies are benefiting from a shift by consumers of technology staffing services away from independent contractors and into temporary staffing primarily due to increased employment compliance risk. In addition to the shift of hiring to a temporary staffing model, SIA states notable skill shortages in certain technology skill sets are continuing which we believe will result in strong growth prospects for our Tech segment.
In addition, we believe this segment continues to benefit from our centralized National Recruiting Center (“NRC”) as well as our Strategic Accounts (“SA”) strategy, which we believe will also provide leverage in supporting future growth. Our Tech segment includes the results of Global, which provides information technology outsourcing solutions internationally through an office located in the Philippines. Our international operations comprised approximately 2% of net service revenues for each of the three years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010.
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FA
Our FA segment provides both temporary staffing and permanent placement services to our clients in areas such as: general accounting, business analysis, accounts payable, accounts receivable, financial analysis and reporting, taxation, management consultants, budget preparation and analysis, mortgage and loan processing, cost analysis professional administrative, credit and collections, audit services, and systems and controls analysis and documentation. Our FA segment provides service to clients in a variety of industries with a strong footprint in financial services and government integrators. The average bill rate for our FA segment for 2012 was approximately $33.00 per hour.
We believe this segment continues to benefit from our centralized NRC as well as our Strategic Accounts strategy, which we believe will also provide leverage in supporting future growth.
HIM
Our HIM segment provides temporary staffing services to our clients, which primarily consist of acute care facilities, hospitals, physician clinics, software providers and insurance companies. Our HIM professionals provide services in areas such as: health information technology, the revenue life cycle and health information management. We believe there will be strong demand in health information technology and medical coding through 2014 given requirements and deadlines for the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th edition (“ICD-10”) conversion and electronic health record implementation.
GS
According to the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, the Federal Government is one of the largest consumers of information technology, spending approximately $74 billion in 2012 and currently budgeted to spend a similar amount in 2013. Our GS segment provides Tech and FA professionals to the Federal Government, primarily as a prime contractor. GS also serves as a subcontractor to prime contractors, and we believe that our ability to source professional candidates for assignments, in combination with our prime contractor relationships, will allow us to pursue additional opportunities in this sector. GS offers integrated business solutions to its customers in areas such as: information technology, healthcare informatics, data and knowledge management, research and development, financial management and accounting, among other areas. Substantially all GS services are supplied to the Federal Government through field offices located in the Washington, D.C. and San Antonio, Texas areas.
Types of Staffing Services
Kforce’s staffing services consist of temporary staffing services (“Flex”) and permanent placement services (“Search”). For the three years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, Search represented 4.4%, 4.3% and 4.3% of total Kforce revenue, respectively.
Flex
We provide our clients with qualified individuals (“consultants”) on a temporary basis when it is determined that they have the appropriate skills and experience and are “the right match” for our clients. We recruit consultants from the job boards, from our associates’ networks, from social media networks and from passive candidates we identify who are currently employed and not actively seeking another position. Our success is dependent upon our employees’ (“associates”) ability to: (1) understand and acknowledge our clients’ needs; (2) determine and understand the capabilities of the consultants being recruited; and (3) deliver and manage the client-consultant relationship to the satisfaction of both our clients and our consultants. We believe proper execution by our associates and our consultants directly impacts the longevity of the assignments, increases the likelihood of being able to generate repeat business with our clients and fosters a better experience for our consultants, which has a direct correlation to their redeployment.
Flex revenue is driven by the number of total hours billed and established bill rates. Flex gross profit is determined by deducting consultant pay, benefits and other related costs from Flex revenues. Flex associate commissions, related taxes and other compensation and benefits as well as field management compensation are included in Selling, General and Administrative expenses (“SG&A”), along with administrative and corporate compensation. The Flex business model involves attempting to maximize the number of consultant hours and bill rates, while managing consultant pay rates and benefit costs, as well as compensation and benefits for our core associates. Flex revenue also includes solutions provided through our GS segment. These revenues involve providing longer-term contract services to the customer primarily on a time-and-materials basis but also on a fixed-price and cost-plus basis.
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Search
Our Search business is a significantly smaller, yet important, part of our business that involves locating qualified individuals (“candidates”) for permanent placement with our clients. We primarily perform these searches on a contingency basis; thus, fees are only earned if the candidates are ultimately hired by our clients. The typical structure for search fees is based upon a percentage of the placed individual’s annual compensation in their first year of employment, which is known at the time of placement. We recruit permanent employees from the job boards, from our associates’ networks, social media networks and from passive candidates we identify who are currently employed and not actively seeking another position. Also, there are occasions where consultants are initially assigned to a client on a Flex basis and later are converted to a permanent placement, for which we also receive a Search fee (referred to as “conversion revenue”). We target clients and recruits for both Flex and Search services, which contributes to our objective of providing integrated solutions for all of our clients’ human capital needs.
Search revenues are driven by placements made and the resulting fees billed and are recognized net of an allowance for “fallouts,” which occur when placements do not complete the applicable contingency period. Although the contingency period varies by contract, it is typically 90 days or less. This allowance for fallouts is estimated based upon historical experience with Search placements that did not complete the contingency period. There are no consultant payroll costs associated with Search placements, thus, all Search revenues increase gross profit by the full amount of the fee. Search associate commissions, compensation and benefits are included in SG&A.
Divestiture of Kforce Clinical Research, Inc. (“KCR”)
During March 2012, Kforce sold all of the issued and outstanding stock of KCR for a total cash purchase price of $50.0 million plus a $7.3 million post-closing working capital adjustment. The sale of KCR was consummated in order to narrow our focus, streamline our business mix, reduce our operating complexities and concentrate our resources on our core service offerings. The divestiture of KCR has been classified as discontinued operations in the financial statements.
Business Strategy
The key elements of our business strategy include the following:
Retain our Great People. A significant focus of Kforce is on the retention of our tenured and top performing associates. We ended fiscal 2012 with a highly tenured management team, field sales team, and back office employees, which we believe will continue to enhance our ability to achieve future profitable growth.
Invest in Revenue Responsible Headcount. Given the current and expected future demand in the marketplace for the services provided by Kforce and our most tenured associates’ performance continuing to remain near peak levels, the Firm made significant investments in Q4 2012 in the hiring of associates that are responsible for generating revenue. We refer to associates responsible for generating revenue as “revenue responsible headcount.” The increase in revenue responsible headcount, inclusive of the NRC and SA, from Q3 2012 to Q4 2012 was 10.7% and was 22.1% from Q4 2011 to Q4 2012. New associates typically take six to nine months to begin performing at expected levels. Accordingly, we expect that this investment will result in accelerated revenue growth in the second half of 2013. While hiring is not expected to continue at the same pace, the Firm expects to selectively continue to hire additional revenue responsible headcount in those lines of business, geographies and industries that we believe present the greatest opportunity.
Continue to Develop and Optimize our NRC. We believe our centralized NRC offers us a competitive advantage and that the NRC is particularly effective at increasing the quality and speed of delivery services to our clients, in particular our Strategic Accounts as well as other clients with demands for high volume staffing. The NRC identifies and interviews active candidates from nationally contracted job boards, Kforce.com, as well as other sources, then forwards qualified candidates to Kforce field offices to be matched to available positions. The NRC has further evolved throughout 2012 to support all of our operating segments. There continues to be a significant demand for its resources. We continue to focus on job order prioritization which places greater attention on orders that we believe present the greatest opportunity and streamlining the NRC’s focus to more specific industries, customer segments and skill sets to create leverage. We also launched the Kforce Performer Academy pilot, which trains and prepares qualified associates within the NRC, in order for them to be optimally deployed within Kforce’s field offices. A continuing focus in 2013 will be on the retention, training, preparation and development of the Performer Academy,which may: (i) enhance the performance of the NRC in meeting demand; (ii) enhance our efforts to support future growth and (iii) expand the NRC as our revenues increase. In addition, the NRC will be focused on building a pipeline of qualified technology candidates as well as evolving its international talent solution strategy.
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Focus on our Strategic Accounts. A focus of Kforce is in cultivating relationships with strategic clients, both in terms of annual revenues and geographic dispersion. For each of our SAs Kforce assigns a Strategic Accounts Executive (“SAE”) who is responsible for managing all aspects of our client relationship. In order to achieve greater penetration within each of our SAs, the SAE, in partnership with our field leadership and revenue responsible teams, is tasked with fostering an understanding of our client’s needs holistically while building a consultative partnership rather than a transactional client relationship. We believe that this strategy will result in the expansion of our share of our clients’ staffing needs as well as capturing market share.
Focus on Value-Add Services. We focus on providing specialty staffing services and solutions to our clients. The placement of highly skilled personnel requires operational and technical skill to effectively recruit and evaluate personnel, match them to client needs, and manage the resulting relationships. We believe this strategy will serve to balance the desire for optimal volume, rate, effort and duration of assignment, while ultimately maximizing the benefit for our clients, consultants and the Firm. We concentrate resources among Tech, FA, HIM and GS to the areas of highest anticipated demand to adapt to the ever-changing landscape within the staffing industry. We believe our historical focus in these markets, combined with our staff’s operating expertise, provides us with a competitive advantage.
Build Long-Term, Consultative Relationships With Our Clients. We believe we have developed long-term relationships with our clients by repeatedly providing solutions to their specialty staffing requirements. We strive to differentiate ourselves by working closely with our clients to understand their needs and maximize their return on human assets. In addition, Kforce’s ability to offer flexible staffing services, coupled with our permanent placement capability, offers the client a broad spectrum of specialty staffing services. We believe this ability enables Kforce to emphasize consultative rather than transactional client relationships, and therefore facilitates further client penetration and the expansion of our share of our clients’ staffing needs.
Optimize Flex Margins. Despite recent increases in statutory payroll taxes, particularly in unemployment taxes, we were able to improve our Flex margins in 2012. This was accomplished through diligent management of both our bill rates as well as our consultant pay rates. The optimization of Flex margins remains a focus for Kforce as the statutory costs are expected to continue to escalate. Accordingly, we will continue to attempt to optimize the spread between bill rates and pay rates by providing our associates with tools, economic knowledge and defined programs to drive improvement in the effectiveness of our pricing strategy around the staffing services we provide.
Encourage Employee Achievement. We focus on promoting and maintaining a quality-focused, energetic, results-oriented culture. Our field associates and corporate personnel are given incentives (which include competitions with significant prizes, incentive trips and internal recognition, in addition to bonuses) to encourage achievement of Kforce’s corporate goals and high levels of service. During 2010, we implemented and went live with a business intelligence tool referred to as AMP!, which is an acronym for Actions Maximizing Performance, and have continued to expand this platform in 2011 and 2012 to include functionality for the NRC and SA teams. This metrics-based system has provided, and we expect will continue to provide, associates with current and historical performance measures relative to their Kforce peers, which we believe fuels healthy competition and assists associates in reaching their maximum performance levels.
Leverage Infrastructure. A significant focus for Kforce is to more effectively leverage the functionality built over the last several years with its front-end and back office technology infrastructure. We believe our back office system software provides a competitive advantage through the enhancement of the efficiency and performance of our sales and delivery functions. We will continue to selectively improve our front-end systems and our back office systems, including our ERP and time collection and billing systems, in areas that generate additional operating leverage.
Industry Overview
We serve Fortune 1000 companies, the Federal Government, state and local governments, local and regional companies, and small to mid-sized companies. Our 10 largest clients represented 18.2% of revenues and no single customer accounted for more than 3% of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2012. The specialty staffing industry is made up of thousands of companies, most of which are small local firms providing limited service offerings to a relatively small local client base. We believe Kforce is one of the 10 largest publicly-traded specialty staffing firms in the United States. According to a recent report by SIA, 100 companies reported at least $100 million in U.S. staffing revenues in 2011. Competition in a particular market can come from many different companies, both large and small. We believe, however, that our geographic presence, diversified service offerings, centralized NRC, SA team, focus on consistent service and delivery and effective job order prioritization, all provide a competitive advantage, particularly with clients that have operations in multiple geographic markets. In addition, we believe that our diversified portfolio of service offerings is primarily concentrated in areas with significant growth opportunities in both the short and long term.
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Based upon previous economic cycles experienced by Kforce, we believe that times of sustained economic recovery generally stimulate demand for substantial additional U.S. workers and, conversely, an economic slowdown results in a contraction in demand for additional U.S. workers. We also believe that Flex demand generally increases before demand for permanent placements increases given that companies tend to prefer a flexible staffing model in the early stages of an economic recovery to ensure its sustainability. From an economic standpoint, temporary employment figures and trends are important indicators of staffing demand, which improved during 2012 as compared to 2011 based on data published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (“BLS”). Total temporary employment increased 6.4% and the penetration rate (the percentage of temporary staffing to total employment) increased 5.0% in 2012 after seeing a slight increase in 2011. While we believe the macro-employment picture continues to be relatively weak with the unemployment rate at 7.9% as of January 2013, non-farm payroll expanded by 157,000 jobs in January 2013 and job growth has remained positive for 28 consecutive months. Also, the college – level unemployment rate, which serves as a proxy for professional employment and is more closely aligned with the Firm’s business strategy, was at 3.8% as of December 31, 2012. Management believes that uncertainty in the overall U.S. economic outlook related to the political landscape, potential tax changes, geo-political risk and impact of health care reform, will continue to fuel growth in temporary staffing as employers may be reluctant to increase full-time hiring. If the penetration rate of temporary staffing continues to experience growth in the coming years, we believe that our Flex revenues can grow significantly even in a relatively modest growth macro-economic environment. Management remains optimistic about the growth prospects of the temporary staffing industry, the penetration rate, and in particular, our revenue portfolio. Of course, no reliable predictions can be made about the general economy, the staffing industry as a whole, or specialty staffing in particular.
According to a recent staffing industry forecast published by SIA, the U.S. temporary staffing industry generated estimated revenues of $71.2 billion in 2009, $80.0 billion in 2010, and $91.1 billion in 2011; with projected revenues of $100.3 billion in 2012 and $107.3 in 2013. Based on projected revenues of $100.3 billion for the U.S. temporary staffing industry, this would put the Firm’s market share at approximately 1%. Therefore, our previously discussed business strategies are sharply focused around expanding our share of the U.S. temporary staffing market and further penetrating our existing clients’ staffing needs.
Over the last several years, our GS segment’s operations have been adversely impacted by the (i) continued uncertainty of funding levels of various Federal Government programs and agencies, (ii) uncertain macro-economic and political environment, and (iii) unexpected significant delays in the start-up of already executed and funded projects, which we believe are due to acute shortages of acquisition and contracting personnel within certain Federal Government agencies. These industry dynamics have resulted in GS adjusting its business strategy in 2011 and early 2012 in order to focus efforts on contracts that we believe achieve the right balance between revenue and profitability and are with Federal Government agencies less impacted by Federal budget reductions. A broad, automatic, and across-the-board reduction in most categories of Federal Government spending, referred to as sequestration, is currently scheduled to take effect on March 1, 2013. While it is difficult to determine the possible impact of sequestration due to the uncertainty over whether the cuts will happen as well as how the cuts would be distributed across the various Federal Government programs, sequestration, if it should occur, could have a significant adverse impact on GS’s operations.
Technology Infrastructure
A significant focus for Kforce is to more effectively leverage its technology infrastructure. We believe our back office systems provide a competitive advantage through the enhancement of the efficiency and performance of our sales and delivery functions. We continue to focus on the improvement of our front-end systems and our back office systems, including our time collection and billing systems. The more significant investments in 2012 were as follows:
| • | AMP! – this metrics-based system is designed to provide our field associates with current and historical performance relative to their Kforce peers, which we believe will fuel positive competition and assist our field associates in reaching their highest performance levels. During 2012, we went live with the second phase of AMP! development, which provided dashboards displaying key metrics for the NRC and SA teams. |
| • | Incentive Compensation Enterprise (“ICE”) – we believe that this compensation management software, which originally went live in January 2011, will efficiently manage the processes around all variable compensation within the Firm. We believe that this software will also provide the appropriate visibility to management to manage the performance of our associates and help to ensure that Kforce’s pay-for-performance philosophy is adhered to. During 2012, in addition to modifications to certain compensation plans being managed within ICE, we brought in compensation plans for, among others, the NRC and SA teams to be managed within ICE. |
We expect to more selectively invest in our infrastructure in 2013 and beyond, especially where we believe that it will provide for a sufficient return on capital and support the future growth in our business. From a technology perspective, we expect to focus in 2013 on the development of a mobile application for which the initial phases will focus on consultant redeployment as well as on an automated solution for consultant onboarding.
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Trade Names and Trademarks
The Kforce trade names, and derivatives thereof, and the “Data Confidence” trademarks are important to our business. Our primary trade names and trademarks are registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office.
Regulatory Environment
Staffing firms are generally subject to one or more of the following types of government regulations: (i) regulation of the employer/employee relationship between a firm and its staff; such as wage and hour regulations, tax withholding and reporting, social security and other retirement, anti-discrimination, employee benefits and workers’ compensation regulations; (ii) registration, licensing, recordkeeping and reporting requirements and (iii) substantive limitations on their operations. Staffing firms are governed by laws regulating the employer/employee relationship.
In providing staffing services to the Federal Government, we must comply with complex laws and regulations relating to the formation, administration, and performance of Federal Government contracts. These laws and regulations create compliance risk and affect how we do business with our federal agency clients, and may impose added costs on our business.
For more discussion of the potential impact that the regulatory environment could have on Kforce’s financial results, please see Item 1A. Risk Factors below.
Competition
We operate in a highly competitive and fragmented specialty staffing services industry within each of our operating segments. Within temporary staffing, the working capital requirements is one of the more significant barriers to entry because most employees are paid weekly and customers may take 30 to 45 days or more to pay. We face substantial competition from large national firms and local specialty staffing firms. The local firms are typically operator-owned, and each market generally has one or more significant competitors. We also face competition from national clerical and light industrial staffing firms, and national and regional accounting firms that also offer certain specialty staffing services.
In addition, many companies utilize Managed Service Providers (“MSP”) for the management and purchase of staffing services. Generally, MSPs are organizations that standardize processes through the use of Vendor Management Systems (“VMS”), which are tools used to aggregate spend and measure supplier performance. VMSs can also be provided through independent providers. Typically, MSPs and/or VMS providers charge staffing firms administrative fees of 1% to 3% of total service revenues, and these fees are usually recorded by staffing firms as a cost of services, thereby compressing profit margins. There continues to be a saturation of core buyers using MSPs and/or VMS providers according to a 2012 survey conducted by SIA. While Kforce does not currently provide MSP or VMS services directly to its clients, our strategy has been and is expected to continue to be to work with specific MSPs and VMS providers to enable us to extend our Flex staffing services to the widest customer base possible within the sectors we serve.
In the United States, there are 100 staffing firms with more than $100 million in U.S. staffing revenues in operation and thousands of smaller organizations compete to varying degrees at local levels according to an SIA report. Several similar companies – global, national, and local – compete in foreign markets. Our peer group for 2012, which is composed of some of our largest competitors, included: CDI Corporation, Ciber Inc., Computer Task Group Inc., Manpower Group, On Assignment Inc., Resources Connection, Inc., Robert Half International Inc., and TrueBlue Inc.
Kforce believes that the availability and quality of associates and consultants, level of service, effective monitoring of job performance, scope of geographic service, and price are the principal elements of competition in our industry. We believe that availability of quality associates and consultants is especially important. In order to attract candidates, we place emphasis upon our ability to provide competitive compensation and benefits, quality and varied assignments, scheduling flexibility, and permanent placement opportunities. Because personnel pursue other employment opportunities on a regular basis, it is important that we respond to market conditions affecting these individuals. Additionally, in certain markets and in response to economic softening, we have experienced significant pricing pressure from some of our competitors. Although we believe we compete favorably with respect to these factors, we expect competition and pricing pressure to continue, and there can be no assurance that we will remain competitive.
Seasonality of Operating Results
Our quarterly operating results are affected by the number of billing days in a quarter and the seasonality of our customers’ businesses. The majority of our operating segments, especially HIM and GS, are significantly impacted by the increase in the number of holidays and vacation days taken during the fourth quarter of the calendar year. In addition, we experience an increase in direct costs of services and a corresponding decrease in gross profit in the first fiscal quarter of each year, as a result of certain annual U.S. state and federal employment tax resets that occur at the beginning of each year.
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Insurance
Kforce maintains a number of insurance policies including general liability, automobile liability and employers’ liability; each with excess liability coverage. We also maintain workers’ compensation, fidelity, fiduciary, directors and officers, professional liability, and employment practices liability policies. These policies provide coverage subject to their terms, conditions, limits of liability, and deductibles, for certain liabilities that may arise from Kforce’s operations. There can be no assurance that any of the above policies will be adequate for our needs, or that we will maintain all such policies in the future.
Financial Information about Foreign and Domestic Operations
Substantially all of Kforce’s revenues are derived from domestic operations with customers located in the United States and substantially all long-lived assets are located in the United States for the three years ended December 31, 2012. One of our subsidiaries, Global, provides outsourcing services internationally through an office in Manila, Philippines. Our international operations comprised approximately 2% of net service revenues for each of the three years ended December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012.
Financial Information about Business Segments
We provide our clients staffing services and solutions through four operating segments: Tech, FA, HIM and GS. For segment financial data see Note 16 – “Reportable Segments” to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Operating Employees and Personnel
As of December 31, 2012, Kforce employed approximately 2,500 associates and had approximately 10,700 consultants on assignment (“Flexible Consultants”) providing flexible staffing services and solutions to our clients. Approximately 90% of the Flexible Consultants are employed directly by Kforce (“Flexible Employees”); the balance consists of individuals who are employed by other entities (“Independent Contractors”) that provide their employees as subcontractors to Kforce for assignment to its clients. As the employer, Kforce is responsible for the operating employees’ and Flexible Employees’ payrolls and the employer’s share of applicable social security taxes (“FICA”), federal and state unemployment taxes, workers’ compensation insurance, and other direct labor costs relating to our employees. We offer access to various health, life and disability insurance programs and other benefits for operating employees and Flexible Employees. We have no collective bargaining agreements covering any of our operating employees or Flexible Employees, have never experienced any material labor disruption, and are unaware of any current efforts or plans to organize any of our employees.
Availability of Reports and Other Information
We make available, free of charge, through the Investor Relations page on our website, and by responding to requests addressed to Michael Blackman, our Chief Corporate Development Officer, our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, Proxy Statements on Schedule 14A and amendments to those materials filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically submit such materials to the SEC. Our corporate website address is http://www.kforce.com. The information contained on our website, or on other websites linked to our website, is not part of this document. In addition, the SEC’s website is http://www.sec.gov. The SEC makes available on its website, free of charge, reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers, such as us, that file electronically with the SEC. Information provided on the SEC’s website is not part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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| Item 1A. | Risk Factors. |
Kforce faces significant employment-related legal risk.
Kforce employs people internally and in the workplaces of other businesses. Many of these individuals have access to client information systems and confidential information. An inherent risk of such activity includes possible claims of errors and omissions; intentional misconduct; release, misuse or misappropriation of client intellectual property, confidential information, funds, or other property; discrimination and harassment claims; employment of illegal aliens; criminal activity; torts; or other claims. Such claims may result in negative publicity, injunctive relief, criminal investigations and/or charges, payment by Kforce of monetary damages or fines, or other material adverse effects on our business. To reduce our exposure, we maintain insurance coverage for professional malpractice liability, fidelity, employment practices liability, and general liability in amounts and with deductibles that we believe are appropriate for our operations. Our insurance coverage, however, may not cover all potential claims against us, may require us to meet a deductible or may not continue to be available to us at a reasonable cost. In this regard, we face various employment-related risks not covered by insurance, such as wage and hour laws and employment tax responsibility. U.S. Courts in recent years have been receiving large numbers of wage and hour class action claims alleging misclassification of overtime eligible workers and/or failure to pay overtime-eligible workers for all hours worked. In addition, there appears to be a heightened state and federal scrutiny of independent contractor relationships, which could adversely affect us given that we utilize a significant number of independent contractors to perform our services. An adverse determination of the independent contractor status of these firms could result in a substantial tax or other liabilities.
Kforce may be adversely affected by government regulation of the staffing business, and of the workplace.
Our business is subject to regulation and licensing in many states. There can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to obtain all necessary licenses or approvals or that the cost of compliance will not prove to be material. If we fail to comply, such failure could materially adversely affect Kforce’s financial results.
A large part of our business entails employing individuals on a temporary basis and placing such individuals in clients’ workplaces. Increased government regulation of the workplace or of the employer-employee relationship could have a material adverse effect on Kforce.
Our collection, use and retention of personal information and personal health information create risks that may harm our business.
In the ordinary course of our business, we collect and retain personal information of our associates and flexible employees and their dependants including, without limitation, full names, social security numbers, addresses, birth dates, and payroll-related information. We also have access to, receive and use personal health information in the ordinary course of our HIM businesses. We use commercially available information security technologies to protect such information in digital format. We also use security and business controls to limit access to such information. However, employees or third parties may be able to circumvent these measures and acquire or misuse such information, resulting in breaches of privacy, and errors in the storage, use or transmission of such information may result in breaches of privacy. Privacy breaches may require notification and other remedies, which can be costly, and which may have other serious adverse consequences for our business, including regulatory penalties and fines, claims for breach of contract, claims for damages, adverse publicity, reduced demand for our services by clients and/or flex employment candidates, harm to our reputation, and regulatory oversight by state or federal agencies.
The possession and use of personal information and data in conducting our business subjects us to legislative and regulatory burdens. We may be required to incur significant expenses to comply with mandatory privacy and security standards and protocols imposed by law, regulation, industry standards or contractual obligations.
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Kforce may be adversely affected by immigration restrictions.
Our Tech business utilizes a significant number of foreign nationals employed by us on work visas, primarily under the H-1B visa classification. The H-1B visa classification that enables U.S. employers to hire qualified foreign nationals is subject to legislative and administrative changes, as well as changes in the application of standards and enforcement. Immigration laws and regulations can be significantly affected by political developments and levels of economic activity. Current and future restrictions on the availability of such visas could restrain our ability to employ the skilled professionals we need to meet our clients’ needs, which could have a material adverse effect on our business. In 2009, the United States Citizenship and Immigration Service (“USCIS”) significantly increased its scrutiny of companies seeking to sponsor, renew or transfer H-1B status, including Kforce and Kforce’s subcontractors. On January 8, 2010, the USCIS issued internal guidance to its field offices that appears to narrow the eligibility criteria for H-1B status in the context of staffing services. In addition to USCIS restrictions, certain aspects of the H-1B program are also subject to regulation and review by the U.S. Department of Labor and U.S. Department of State, which have recently increased enforcement activities in the program. A narrow interpretation and vigorous enforcement, or legislative action relating to immigration, including legislation intended to reform existing immigration law, could adversely affect our ability to obtain foreign national labor and/or renew existing foreign national consultants on assignment, and could subject us to fines, penalties and sanctions. There can be no assurance that we will be able to keep or replace all foreign nationals currently on assignment, or continue to hire foreign national talent at the same rates as in the past.
Kforce may not be able to maintain sufficient cash flow or borrowing capacity to support operations.
On September 20, 2011, Kforce entered into a Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with a syndicate led by Bank of America, N.A., which was amended on March 30, 2012 (the “Credit Facility”) in conjunction with the divestiture of KCR. The maximum borrowings available to Kforce under the Credit Facility are limited to: (a) a revolving credit facility of up to $100 million (the “Revolving Loan Amount”) and (b) a $15 million sub-limit included in the Credit Facility for letters of credit.
Kforce’s liquidity may be adversely impacted by covenants in our Credit Facility. Borrowing availability under the Credit Facility is limited to the remainder of (a) the lesser of (i) $100 million minus the four week average aggregate weekly payroll of employees assigned to work for customers, or (ii) 85% of the net amount of eligible accounts receivable, plus 80% of the net amount of eligible unbilled accounts receivable, plus 80% of the net amount of eligible employee placement accounts, minus certain minimum availability reserves, and in either case, minus (b) the aggregate outstanding amount under the Credit Facility. Under the Credit Facility, Kforce is subject to certain affirmative and negative covenants including (but not limited to) the maintenance of a fixed charge coverage ratio if the Firm’s availability under the Credit Facility is less than the greater of 10% of the aggregate amount of the commitment of all of the lenders under the Credit Facility and $11.0 million. Kforce had availability under the Credit Facility of $64.4 million as of December 31, 2012; therefore, the minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.00 to 1.00 was not applicable. Kforce believes that it will be able to maintain the minimum availability requirement; however, in the event that Kforce is unable to do so, Kforce may fail the minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, which would constitute an event of default.
At no time during the existence of the Credit Facility, or any of its predecessors (i.e., the Credit Agreement, the First Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement) have we failed to meet the minimum availability and fixed charge coverage ratio requirements. If we did not comply with these financial covenants, such a breach of the Credit Facility could adversely affect our liquidity and financial condition and could result, among other things, in the acceleration of all amounts borrowed under the Credit Facility. See the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” portion of the MD&A in this annual report.
The financial markets may experience significant turmoil, which may negatively impact our liquidity and our ability to obtain financing.
Our liquidity and our ability to obtain financing may be negatively impacted if one of our lenders under our Credit Facility, or another financial institution, suffers liquidity issues. In such an event, we may not be able to draw on any of the amounts available under our Credit Facility, or a substantial portion thereof. The Credit Facility expires on September 20, 2016. If we attempt to obtain future financing in addition to, or as a replacement of, our Credit Facility, financial market turmoil could negatively impact our ability to obtain such financing on favorable terms.
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Kforce’s temporary staffing business could be adversely impacted by the health care reform.
The Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 that was signed into law in March 2010 could have an adverse effect on Kforce by increasing the cost of providing temporary staffing services. The provisions of this Act are expected to go into effect in 2014. While we believe the costs associated with the law should have less impact on Kforce than many other staffing companies due to the level and scope of benefits we already offer, a delay in or inability to increase bill rates charged to our customers could result in a reduction of our Flex gross profit.
We are exposed to intangible asset risk which could result in future impairment.
A significant and sustained decline in our stock price and market capitalization, a significant decline in our (or in one or more of our reporting units) expected future cash flows, a significant adverse change in the business climate, or slower growth rates has resulted, and could result in the future, in the need to perform an impairment analysis in future periods. If we were to conclude that a future write down of our goodwill or other intangible assets is necessary it could result in material charges that are adverse to our operating results and financial position. See Note 6 – “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” to the Consolidated Financial Statements and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” for further details.
Significant legal actions could subject Kforce to substantial uninsured liabilities.
Professional service providers are subject to legal actions alleging malpractice, breach of contract and other legal theories. These actions may involve large claims and significant defense costs. We may also be subject to claims alleging violations of federal or state labor laws. In addition, we may be subject to claims related to torts, intentional acts, or crimes committed by our full-time employees or temporary staffing personnel. In some instances, we are contractually obligated to indemnify clients against such risks. A failure to observe the applicable standard of care, relevant Kforce or client policies and guidelines, or applicable federal, state, or local laws, rules, and regulations could result in negative publicity, payment of fines, significant damage awards, or settlement expense. To reduce our exposure, we maintain insurance coverage for professional malpractice liability, fidelity, employment practices liability, and general liability in amounts and with deductibles that we believe are appropriate for our operations. Our insurance coverage, however, may not cover all claims against us or continue to be available to us at a reasonable cost.
We face certain risks in collecting our trade accounts receivable.
We generate a significant amount of trade accounts receivable from our customers. Delays or defaults in payments owed to us could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Factors that could cause a delay or default include business failures, turmoil in the financial and credit markets, sluggish or recessionary U.S. economic conditions, our exposure to customers in high-risk sectors such as the financial services industry, and declines in the credit worthiness of our customers. See Note 1 – “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.
Kforce’s success depends upon retaining the services of its management team and key operating employees.
Kforce is highly dependent on its management team and expects that continued success will depend largely upon their efforts and abilities. The loss of the services of any key executive for any reason could have a material adverse effect upon Kforce. Success also depends upon our ability to identify, develop, and retain qualified operating employees; particularly management, client servicing, and candidate recruiting employees. Kforce expends significant resources in the recruiting and training of its employees, as the pool of available applicants for these positions is limited. The loss of some of our key operating employees could have a material adverse effect on our business, including our ability to establish and maintain client and candidate, professional, and technical relationships.
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Kforce depends on the proper functioning of its information systems.
Kforce is dependent on the proper functioning of information systems in operating its business. Critical information systems are used in every aspect of Kforce’s daily operations, most significantly, in the identification and matching of staffing resources to client assignments and in the customer billing and consultant or vendor payment functions. Kforce’s information systems are vulnerable to natural disasters (we are headquartered and our leased data center are located in a hurricane-prone area), fire or casualty theft, technical failures, terrorist acts, power loss, telecommunications failures, physical or software intrusions, computer viruses, and similar events. If our critical information systems fail or are otherwise unavailable, we would have to accomplish these functions manually, which could prove difficult or impossible, causing a material adverse effect on our business. In addition, we depend on third-party vendors for certain functions (including the operations of our leased data center), whose future performance and reliability we cannot control.
Significant increases in payroll-related costs could adversely affect Kforce’s business.
Kforce is required to pay a number of federal, state, and local payroll and related costs, including unemployment taxes, workers’ compensation and insurance premiums and claims, FICA, and Medicare, among others, related to our employees. Significant increases in the effective rates of any payroll-related costs would likely have a material adverse effect on Kforce. Over the last few years, many of the states in which Kforce conducts business have continued to significantly increased their state unemployment tax rates in an effort to increase funding for unemployment benefits. Costs could also increase as a result of health care reforms or the possible imposition of additional requirements and restrictions related to the placement of personnel. We may not be able to increase the fees charged to our clients in a timely manner or in a sufficient amount to cover these potential cost increases.
Adverse results in tax audits could result in significant cash expenditures or exposure to unforeseen liabilities.
Kforce is subject to periodic federal, state, and local tax audits for various tax years. Although Kforce attempts to comply with all taxing authority regulations, adverse findings or assessments made by taxing authorities as the result of an audit could have a material adverse effect on Kforce.
Due to inherent limitations, there can be no assurance that our system of disclosure and internal controls and procedures will be successful in preventing all errors and fraud, or in making all material information known in a timely manner to management.
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), does not expect that our disclosure controls and internal controls will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within Kforce have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control.
The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, a control may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
Our business is dependent upon maintaining our reputation, our relationships, and our performance.
The reputation and relationships that we have established and currently maintain with our customers are important to maintaining existing business and identifying new business. If our reputation or relationships were damaged, it could have a material adverse effect on our operations. In addition, if our performance does not meet our customers’ expectations, our revenues and operating results could be materially harmed.
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We rely on short-term engagements with most of our clients.
Because long-term engagements are not a significant part of our business, other than in our GS segment, future financial results cannot be reliably predicted by considering past trends or extrapolating past results.
We do not provide a VMS solution.
Many staffing customers are seeking to consolidate their use of staffing and solutions services through the use of a VMS solution. Kforce provides consultants to these clients through other staffing companies who utilize a VMS solution, but we do not currently provide this service directly to our clients. There can be no assurance that we can continue to effectively compete with those companies that provide a VMS solution. If we must provide a VMS solution, we could incur significant costs.
Kforce’s current market share may decrease as a result of limited barriers to entry for new competitors and discontinuation of clients outsourcing their staffing needs.
We face significant competition in the markets we serve, and there are limited barriers to entry for new competitors. The competition among staffing services firms is intense. Kforce competes for potential clients with providers of outsourcing services, systems integrators, computer systems consultants, temporary personnel agencies, search firms, and other providers of staffing services. Some of our competitors possess substantially greater resources than we do. From time to time, we experience significant pressure from our clients to reduce price levels. During these periods, we may face increased competitive pricing pressures and may not be able to recruit the personnel necessary to fulfill our clients’ needs. We also face the risk that certain of our current and prospective clients will decide to provide similar services internally.
Competition for acquisition opportunities may restrict Kforce’s future growth by limiting our ability to make acquisitions at reasonable valuations.
Kforce has increased its market share and presence in the staffing industry partly through strategic acquisitions of companies that have complemented or enhanced its business. We have historically faced competition for acquisitions. In the future, this could limit our ability to grow through acquisitions or could raise the prices of acquisitions and make them less accretive or possibly non-accretive to us. In addition, Kforce may be limited by its ability to obtain financing to consummate desirable acquisitions.
Kforce may not be able to recruit and retain qualified personnel.
Kforce depends upon the abilities of its staff to attract and retain personnel, particularly technical, professional, and cleared government services personnel, who possess the skills and experience necessary to meet the staffing requirements of our clients. We must continually evaluate and upgrade our base of available qualified personnel to keep pace with changing client needs and emerging technologies. We expect significant competition for individuals with proven technical or professional skills for the foreseeable future. If qualified personnel are not available to us in sufficient numbers and upon economic terms acceptable to us, it could have a material adverse effect on our business.
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Kforce may face significant risk arising from acquisitions.
Kforce may face difficulties integrating future acquisitions into existing operations and acquisitions may be unsuccessful, involve significant cash expenditures, or expose Kforce to unforeseen liabilities.
These acquisitions involve numerous risks, including:
| • | potential loss of key employees or clients of acquired companies; |
| • | difficulties integrating acquired personnel and distinct cultures into a single business; |
| • | diversion of management attention from existing operations; and |
| • | assumption of liabilities and exposure to unforeseen liabilities of acquired companies. |
These acquisitions may also involve significant cash expenditures, debt incurrence, integration expenses, and exposure to unforeseen liabilities that could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Any acquisition may ultimately have a negative impact on our business and financial condition.
Provisions in Kforce’s articles and bylaws and under Florida law may have certain anti-takeover effects.
Kforce’s articles of incorporation and bylaws and Florida law contain provisions that may have the effect of inhibiting a non-negotiated merger or other business combination. In particular, our articles of incorporation provide for a staggered board of directors and permit the removal of directors only for cause. Additionally, management may issue up to 15 million shares of preferred stock, and fix the rights and preferences thereof, without a further vote of the shareholders. In addition, certain of our officers and managers have employment agreements containing certain provisions that call for substantial payments to be made to such employees in certain circumstances upon a change in control. Certain of these provisions may discourage a future acquisition of Kforce, including an acquisition in which shareholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares. As a result, shareholders who might desire to participate in such a transaction may not have the opportunity to do so. Moreover, the existence of these provisions could have a negative effect on the market price of our common stock.
Kforce’s stock price may be volatile.
Kforce’s common stock is traded on The NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “KFRC.” The market price of our stock has fluctuated substantially in the past and could fluctuate substantially in the future, based on a variety of factors, including our operating results, changes in general conditions in the economy, the financial markets, the employment services industry, or other developments affecting us, our clients, or our competitors; some of which may be unrelated to our performance.
In addition, the stock market in general, especially The NASDAQ Global Select Market tier, along with market prices for staffing companies, has experienced volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of these companies. These broad market and industry fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our common stock, regardless of our operating results.
Among other things, volatility in our stock price could mean that investors will not be able to sell their shares at or above the prices they pay. The volatility also could impair our ability in the future to offer common stock as a source of additional capital or as consideration in the acquisition of other businesses.
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RISKS RELATED TO OUR GOVERNMENT BUSINESSES
KGS is substantially dedicated to contracting with and serving U.S. Federal Government agencies (the “Federal Agency Business”), primarily as a prime contractor. In addition, Kforce supplies services to the Federal Government, primarily as a staffing services provider to federal prime contractors. Federal contractors, including KGS and Kforce face a number of risks, including the following:
Our failure to comply with complex federal procurement laws and regulations could cause us to lose business, incur additional costs, and subject us to a variety of penalties, including suspension and debarment from doing business with the Federal Government.
We must comply with complex laws and regulations relating to the formation, administration, and performance of Federal Government contracts. These laws and regulations create compliance risk, affect how we do business with our federal agency clients, and may impose added costs on our business. If a government review or investigation uncovers improper or illegal activities, we may be subject to civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, including termination of contracts, forfeiture of profits, harm to our reputation, suspension of payments, fines, and suspension or debarment from doing business with Federal Government agencies.
KGS is operating under an Administrative Agreement with the United States Department of Interior (“DOI”), which imposes significant training requirements, oversight and controls on KGS throughout its term, which is currently expected to end on September 30, 2013. The failure of KGS to comply with the Administrative Agreement during this period could have a material adverse impact on KGS and Kforce, including suspension and debarment from doing business with the Federal Government.
The Federal Government also may reform its procurement practices or adopt new contracting rules and regulations, including cost accounting standards, that could be costly to satisfy or that could impair our ability to obtain new contracts. A failure to comply with all applicable laws and regulations could result in contract termination, price or fee reductions, or suspension or debarment from contracting with the Federal Government; each of which could lead to a material reduction in our revenues, cash flows and operating results.
Unfavorable government audit results could force us to refund previously recognized revenues and could subject us to a variety of penalties and sanctions.
Federal agencies can audit and review our performance on contracts, pricing practices, cost structure, incurred cost submissions and compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and standards. An audit of our work, including an audit of work performed by companies Kforce has acquired or may acquire, or subcontractors we have hired or may hire, could force us to refund previously recognized revenues.
If a government audit uncovers improper or illegal activities, we may be subject to civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, including termination of contracts, forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines, and suspension or debarment from doing business with Federal Government agencies. In addition, we could suffer serious harm to our reputation if allegations of impropriety were made against us, whether or not true.
We are dependent upon the ability of government agencies to administratively manage our contracts.
After we are awarded a contract and the contract is funded by the Federal Government, we are still dependent upon the ability of the relevant agency to administratively manage our contract. We can be adversely impacted by delays in the start-up of already awarded and funded projects, including delays due to shortages of acquisition and contracting personnel within the Federal Government agencies.
The failure by Congress to approve budgets, raise the U.S. debt ceiling or avoid sequestration on a timely basis for the federal agencies we support could delay, reduce or stop federal spending and cause us to lose revenue.
On an annual basis, Congress must approve and the President must sign the appropriation bills that govern spending by each of the federal agencies we support. If Congress is unable to agree on budget priorities and is unable to appropriate funds or pass the annual budget on a timely basis, as has been the case in recent years, there may be delays, reductions or cessations of funding for our services and solutions. In addition, from time to time it has been necessary for Congress to raise the U.S. debt ceiling in order to allow for borrowing necessary to fund government operations. If Congress fails to raise the debt ceiling on a timely basis, there may be delays, reductions or cessations of funding for our services and solutions. Furthermore, legislatively mandated cuts in federal programs, known as sequestration, could result in delays, reductions or cessation of funding for our services and solutions.
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Changes in the spending policies or budget priorities of the Federal Government could cause us to lose revenue.
Changes in Federal Government fiscal or spending policies could materially adversely affect our government agency business; in particular, our business could be materially adversely affected by decreases in Federal Government spending.
Our federal agency business is dependent upon maintaining our reputation, our relationships and our performance.
The reputation and relationships that we have established and currently maintain with government personnel and agencies are important to maintaining existing business and identifying new business. If our reputation or relationships were damaged, it could have a material adverse effect. In addition, if our performance does not meet agency expectations, our revenues and operating results could be materially harmed.
Competition is intense in the federal agency business.
There is often intense competition to win federal agency contracts. Even when a contract is awarded to us, competitors may protest such awards. If we are unable to successfully compete for new business or win competitions to maintain existing business, our operations could be materially adversely affected. Many of our competitors are larger and have greater resources, larger client bases, and greater brand recognition than we do. Our larger competitors also may be able to provide clients with different or greater capabilities or benefits than we can provide.
Loss of our General Services Administration (“GSA”) Schedules or other contracting vehicles could impair our ability to win new business.
GSA Schedules constitute a significant percentage of revenues from our federal agency clients. If we were to lose one or more of these Schedules or other contracting vehicles, we could lose revenues and our operating results could be materially adversely affected. These Schedules or contracts typically have an initial term with multiple options that may be exercised by our government agency clients to extend the contract for successive periods of one or more years. We can provide no assurance that our clients will exercise these options.
Our failure to obtain and maintain necessary security clearances may limit our ability to perform classified work for government clients, which could cause us to lose business.
Some government contracts require us to maintain facility security clearances and require some of our employees to maintain individual security clearances. If our employees lose or are unable to timely obtain security clearances, or we lose a facility clearance, a government agency client may terminate the contract or decide not to renew it upon its expiration.
Our employees may engage in misconduct or other improper activities, which could harm our business.
Like all government contractors, we are exposed to the risk that employee fraud or other misconduct could occur. Misconduct by our employees could include intentional failures to comply with Federal Government procurement regulations, engaging in unauthorized activities, seeking reimbursement for improper expenses, or falsifying time records. Employee misconduct could also involve the improper use of our clients’ sensitive or classified information, which could result in regulatory sanctions against us and serious harm to our reputation. It is not always possible to deter employee misconduct, and precautions to prevent and detect this activity may not be effective in controlling such risks or losses, which could materially adversely affect our business.
Security breaches in sensitive government information systems could result in the loss of our clients and cause negative publicity.
Many of the systems we develop, install, and maintain involve managing and protecting information used in intelligence, national security, and other sensitive or classified government functions. A security breach in one of these systems could cause serious harm to our business, damage our reputation, and prevent us from being eligible for further work on sensitive or classified systems for Federal Government clients. We could incur losses from such a security breach that could exceed the policy limits under our insurance. Damage to our reputation or limitations on our eligibility for additional work resulting from a security breach in one of our systems could materially reduce our revenues.
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| Item 1B. | Unresolved Staff Comments. |
None.
| Item 2. | Properties. |
On May 27, 2010, we acquired our corporate headquarters in Tampa, Florida, which is approximately 128,000 square feet of space. Leases for our field offices, which are located throughout the U.S., range from three to five-year terms although there are a few month-to-month arrangements and one 10-year lease term. We also lease an office in Manila, Philippines, which is approximately 17,000 square feet of space.
Although additional field offices may be established based on the requirements of our operations, we believe that our facilities are adequate for our current needs, and we do not expect to materially expand our facilities in the foreseeable future.
| Item 3. | Legal Proceedings. |
As disclosed in our previous filings with the SEC, Kforce was a defendant in a California class action lawsuit alleging misclassification of California Account Managers and seeking unspecified damages. The tentative settlement referred to in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 was approved by the California court during the three months ended June 30, 2011 in the amount of $2.5 million, which is recorded within accounts payable and other accrued liabilities in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011. Consummation of the settlement is subject to resolution of an appeal, which we believe to be without merit, brought by a non-party to the lawsuit. We believe the possibility of further losses related to this matter is remote.
As disclosed in our previous filings with the SEC, on June 6, 2011, the Chicago District Office of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (“EEOC”) issued a Determination on a Charge of Discrimination, brought by an individual in 2006, that reasonable cause exists to believe that Kforce discriminated against two classes of individuals because of their age. Kforce and the EEOC engaged in conciliation efforts. On September 4, 2012, Kforce and the EEOC agreed upon a settlement payment of $1.7 million, which was paid during the year ended December 31, 2012. An insurance recovery of approximately $1.0 million was received by Kforce associated with this loss during the third quarter of 2012.
In the ordinary course of its business, Kforce is from time to time threatened with litigation or named as a defendant in various lawsuits and administrative proceedings. While management does not expect any of these other matters to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows, litigation is subject to certain inherent uncertainties. Kforce maintains liability insurance in such amounts and with such coverage and deductibles as management believes is reasonable. The principal liability risks that Kforce insures against are workers’ compensation, personal injury, bodily injury, property damage, directors’ and officers’ liability, errors and omissions, employment practices liability and fidelity losses. There can be no assurance that Kforce’s liability insurance will cover all events or that the limits of coverage will be sufficient to fully cover all liabilities.
Kforce is not aware of any litigation that would reasonably be expected to have a material effect on its results of operations, its cash flows or its financial condition.
| Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures. |
Not applicable.
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PART II
| Item 5. | Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities. |
Market Information
Our common stock trades on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “KFRC”. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low intra-day sales price of our common stock, as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market. These prices represent inter-dealer quotations without retail markups, markdowns or commissions, and may not represent actual transactions.
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
| March 31, | June 30, | September 30, | December 31, | |||||||||||||
| 2012 |
||||||||||||||||
| High |
$ | 15.02 | $ | 15.40 | $ | 14.43 | $ | 14.92 | ||||||||
| Low |
$ | 12.01 | $ | 12.14 | $ | 10.34 | $ | 10.66 | ||||||||
| 2011 |
||||||||||||||||
| High |
$ | 19.23 | $ | 18.56 | $ | 15.04 | $ | 14.11 | ||||||||
| Low |
$ | 15.86 | $ | 12.14 | $ | 8.12 | $ | 9.42 | ||||||||
From January 1, 2013 through February 18, 2013, the high and low intra-day sales price of our common stock was $16.47 and $13.36, respectively. On February 18, 2013, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market was $14.80 per share.
Holders of Common Stock
As of February 18, 2013, there were approximately 189 holders of record.
Dividends
A special cash dividend on common stock of $1.00 per share was declared on December 7, 2012 and paid on December 27, 2012 to shareholders of record as of the close of business on December 17, 2012.
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Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
The following table provides information about our common stock that may be issued under all of our existing equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2012:
| Plan Category |
Number of Securities to be Issued Upon Exercise of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights (a) (1) |
Weighted-Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights (b) (2) |
Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) (c) (3) (4) |
|||||||||
| Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders |
||||||||||||
| Kforce Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan |
92,768 | $ | 12.13 | 570,114 | ||||||||
| Kforce Inc. 2009 Employee Stock Purchase Plan |
N/A | N/A | 2,892,595 | |||||||||
| Kforce Inc. Incentive Stock Option Plan (5) |
154,378 | $ | 10.12 | — | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Total |
247,146 | $ | 10.87 | 3,462,709 | ||||||||
| (1) | In addition to the number of securities listed in this column, 37,611 shares of restricted stock (“RS”) granted under the Kforce Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan have been issued and are unvested as of December 31, 2012. |
| (2) | The weighted-average exercise price excludes unvested RS because there is no exercise price associated with these equity awards. |
| (3) | All of the shares of common stock that remain available for future issuance under the Kforce Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan may be issued in connection with options, warrants, rights and restricted stock awards. Each future grant of options or stock appreciation rights shall reduce the available shares under the Kforce Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan by an equal amount while each future grant of restricted stock shall reduce the available shares by 1.58 shares for each share awarded. In order to maximize our share reserves, the prevailing practice over the last few years has been for Kforce to issue full value awards as opposed to options and stock appreciation rights. |
| (4) | As of December 31, 2012, there were options outstanding under the Kforce Inc. 2009 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“2009 ESPP”) to purchase 10,382 shares of common stock at a discounted purchase price of $13.62. |
| (5) | Issuances of options under the Incentive Stock Option Plan ceased in 2005. The options issued pursuant to this plan will expire at various times through 2015. |
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer
The following table presents information with respect to our repurchases of Kforce common stock during the three months ended December 31, 2012:
| Period |
Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) |
Average Price Paid per Share |
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1) |
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs |
||||||||||||
| October 1, 2012 to October 31, 2012 |
— | — | — | $ | 58,820,647 | |||||||||||
| November 1, 2012 to November 30, 2012 |
647,794 | $ | 12.37 | 647,794 | $ | 50,809,336 | ||||||||||
| December 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012 |
801,313 | $ | 13.66 | 801,313 | $ | 39,861,995 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Total |
1,449,107 | $ | 13.08 | 1,449,107 | $ | 39,861,995 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| (1) | All of the shares reported above as purchased are attributable to shares repurchased in the open market. |
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| Item 6. | Selected Financial Data. |
The information set forth below is not necessarily indicative of the results of future operations and should be read in conjunction with the information within Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
| Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2012 (1) (2) | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 (3) | ||||||||||||||||
| (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net service revenues |
$ | 1,082,479 | $ | 1,004,747 | $ | 886,657 | $ | 802,108 | $ | 880,591 | ||||||||||
| Gross profit |
347,933 | 317,747 | 283,846 | 257,230 | 311,192 | |||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses |
322,436 | 274,072 | 251,156 | 238,365 | 271,978 | |||||||||||||||
| Goodwill impairment |
69,158 | — | — | — | 128,429 | |||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization |
10,789 | 12,505 | 12,589 | 11,673 | 13,824 | |||||||||||||||
| Other expense, net |
1,116 | 1,256 | 1,236 | 1,085 | 2,076 | |||||||||||||||
| (Loss) income from continuing operations, before income taxes |
(55,566 | ) | 29,914 | 18,865 | 6,107 | (105,115 | ) | |||||||||||||
| Income tax (benefit) expense |
(19,854 | ) | 10,858 | 6,869 | 2,684 | 8,764 | ||||||||||||||
| (Loss) income from continuing operations |
(35,712 | ) | 19,056 | 11,996 | 3,423 | (113,879 | ) | |||||||||||||
| Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes |
22,009 | 8,100 | 8,638 | 9,450 | 29,771 | |||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income |
$ | (13,703 | ) | $ | 27,156 | $ | 20,634 | $ | 12,873 | $ | (84,108 | ) | ||||||||
| (Loss) earnings per share – basic, continuing operations |
$ | (1.00 | ) | $ | 0.50 | $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.09 | $ | (2.89 | ) | ||||||||
| (Loss) earnings per share – diluted, continuing operations |
$ | (1.00 | ) | $ | 0.49 | $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.09 | $ | (2.89 | ) | ||||||||
| (Loss) earnings per share – basic |
$ | (0.38 | ) | $ | 0.72 | $ | 0.52 | $ | 0.33 | $ | (2.13 | ) | ||||||||
| (Loss) earnings per share – diluted |
$ | (0.38 | ) | $ | 0.70 | $ | 0.51 | $ | 0.33 | $ | (2.13 | ) | ||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding – basic |
35,791 | 37,835 | 39,480 | 38,485 | 39,471 | |||||||||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted |
35,791 | 38,831 | 40,503 | 39,330 | 39,471 | |||||||||||||||
| Special cash dividend declared per share |
$ | 1.00 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||
| As of December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2012 (1) (2) | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 (3) | ||||||||||||||||
| (IN THOUSANDS) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Working capital |
$ | 72,685 | $ | 103,075 | $ | 64,878 | $ | 57,924 | $ | 60,302 | ||||||||||
| Total assets |
$ | 325,149 | $ | 409,672 | $ | 391,044 | $ | 339,825 | $ | 350,815 | ||||||||||
| Total outstanding borrowings – Credit Facility |
$ | 21,000 | $ | 49,526 | $ | 10,825 | $ | 3,000 | $ | 38,022 | ||||||||||
| Total long-term liabilities |
$ | 56,429 | $ | 93,393 | $ | 36,904 | $ | 33,887 | $ | 59,528 | ||||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity |
$ | 169,846 | $ | 233,115 | $ | 253,817 | $ | 226,725 | $ | 205,843 | ||||||||||
| (1) | Kforce recognized a goodwill impairment charge of $69.2 million related to the GS reporting unit during 2012. The tax benefit associated with this impairment charge was $24.7 million, resulting in an after-tax impairment charge of $44.5 million. This impacted diluted earnings per share by $1.24. |
| (2) | In connection with the disposition of KCR, as described below, the Board exercised its discretion, as permitted within the Kforce Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan, to accelerate the vesting, for tax planning purposes, of substantially all of the outstanding and unvested RS, performance-accelerated restricted stock (“PARS”) and alternative long-term incentive (“ALTI”) awards on March 31, 2012, which resulted in the acceleration of $31.3 million of compensation expense and payroll taxes recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2012. |
| (3) | Kforce recognized a goodwill and intangible asset impairment charge of $129.4 million related to the Tech and FA reporting units during 2008. The tax benefit associated with this impairment charge was $14.2 million, resulting in an after-tax impairment charge of $115.2 million. |
During the three months ended March 31, 2012, Kforce disposed of KCR for a purchase price of $50.0 million plus a $7.3 million post-closing working capital adjustment. As a result, the results of operations of KCR have been presented as discontinued operations for each year presented above. See Note 2 – “Discontinued Operations” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more detail.
The acquisition of dNovus was made during the three months ended December 31, 2008. The results of operations for this acquisition have been included in our Consolidated Financial Statements since the acquisition date. During the three months ended June 30, 2008, Kforce sold its Scientific and per-diem Nursing business and completed efforts to wind down the remaining operations of its non per-diem Nursing business. As a result, the results of operations of Scientific and Nursing have been presented as discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2008.
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| Item 7. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
This section is intended to help the reader understand Kforce, our operations, and our present business environment. This MD&A should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying notes thereto contained in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this report as well as Item 1. Business of this report for an overview of our operations and business environment.
This overview summarizes the MD&A, which includes the following sections:
| • | Executive Summary – an executive summary of our results of operations for 2012. |
| • | Critical Accounting Estimates – a discussion of the accounting estimates that are most critical to fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results and that require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments. |
| • | New Accounting Standards – a discussion of recently issued accounting standards and their potential impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements. |
| • | Results of Operations – an analysis of Kforce’s consolidated results of operations for the three years presented in its Consolidated Financial Statements. In order to assist the reader in understanding our business as a whole, certain metrics are presented for each of our segments. |
| • | Liquidity and Capital Resources – an analysis of cash flows, off-balance sheet arrangements, stock repurchases and contractual obligations and commitments and the impact of changes in interest rates on our business. |
On March 31, 2012, Kforce sold all of the issued and outstanding stock of KCR. See Note 2 – “Discontinued Operations” to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a more detailed discussion. The results presented in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 include activity relating to KCR as discontinued operations. Except as specifically noted, our discussions below exclude any activity related to KCR, which is addressed separately in the discussion of income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The following is an executive summary of what Kforce believes are important 2012 highlights, which should be considered in the context of the additional discussions herein and in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto. We believe such highlights are as follows:
| • | Net service revenues increased 7.7% to $1.08 billion in 2012 from $1.00 billion in 2011. Net service revenues increased 8.3% for Tech, 8.6% for FA, and 12.1% for HIM while GS decreased 1.1%. |
| • | Flex revenues increased 7.7% to $1.03 billion in 2012 from $961.2 million in 2011. |
| • | Search revenues increased 9.6% to $47.7 million in 2012 from $43.5 million in 2011. |
| • | Flex gross profit margin increased 50 basis points to 29.0% in 2012 from 28.5% in 2011, primarily as a result of an increase in the spread between our bill and pay rates. This increase was partially offset by increases in statutory payroll costs, particularly relating to unemployment taxes. Flex gross profit margins increased 30 basis points for Tech, 120 basis points for FA and 70 basis points for GS and HIM remained flat. |
| • | SG&A as a percentage of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2012 was 29.8% compared to 27.3% in 2011. This increase was primarily a result of the acceleration of substantially all of the outstanding and unvested RS, PARS and ALTI awards on March 31, 2012, which resulted in the acceleration of $31.3 million of compensation expense and payroll taxes recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2012. |
| • | Net loss from continuing operations of $35.7 million for 2012 declined $54.8 million from net income from continuing operations of $19.1 million in 2011. The results for 2012 include an after-tax goodwill impairment charge of $44.5 million as well as the previously mentioned acceleration of substantially all of the outstanding and unvested RS, PARS and ALTI awards. |
| • | Loss per share from continuing operations for 2012 was $1.00 compared to earnings per share of $0.49 per share in 2011, which was primarily driven by the acceleration of substantially all of the outstanding and unvested RS, PARS and ALTI awards on March 31, 2012 and the goodwill impairment charge referred to above. |
| • | During 2012, Kforce repurchased 3.4 million shares of common stock at a total cost of approximately $44.4 million. |
| • | The Firm declared and paid a special cash dividend of $1.00 per share in the fourth quarter of 2012 resulting in a payout in cash of $35.2 million. |
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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
Our Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). In connection with the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements, we are required to make assumptions and estimates about future events, and apply judgments that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and the related disclosures. We base our assumptions, estimates and judgments on historical experience, current trends, and other factors that management believes to be relevant at the time our Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared. On a regular basis, management reviews the accounting policies, estimates, assumptions and judgments to ensure that our Consolidated Financial Statements are presented fairly and in accordance with GAAP. However, because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actual results could differ from our assumptions and estimates, and such differences could be material.
Our significant accounting policies are discussed in Note 1 — “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to the Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Management believes that the following accounting estimates are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results, and they require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, resulting from the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain.
| Description |
Judgments and Uncertainties |
Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions | ||
| Allowance for Doubtful Accounts, Fallouts and Other Accounts Receivable Reserves |
||||
| See Note 1 - “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for a complete discussion of our policies related to determining our allowance for doubtful accounts, fallouts and other accounts receivable reserves. | Kforce performs an ongoing analysis of factors including recent write-off and delinquency trends, changes in economic conditions, a specific analysis of material accounts receivable balances that are past due, and concentration of accounts receivable among clients, in establishing its allowance for doubtful accounts.
Kforce estimates its allowance for Search fallouts based on our historical experience with the actual occurrence of fallouts.
Kforce estimates its reserve for future revenue adjustments (e.g. bill rate adjustments, time card adjustments, early pay discounts) based on our historical experience. |
We have not made any material changes in the accounting methodology used to establish our allowance for doubtful accounts, fallouts and other accounts receivable reserves. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, the allowance was 1.4% as a percentage of gross accounts receivable.
We do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change in the future estimates or assumptions we use to calculate our allowance for doubtful accounts. However, if our estimates regarding estimated accounts receivable losses are inaccurate, we may be exposed to losses or gains that could be material. A 10% difference in actual accounts receivable losses reserved at December 31, 2012, would have impacted our net income for 2012 by approximately $0.2 million.
Although we do not believe that there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change in the actual occurrence of fallouts, a 10% difference in our actual fallout experience reserved at December 31, 2012, would have impacted our net income for 2012 by less than $0.1 million. | ||
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| Description |
Judgments and Uncertainties |
Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions | ||
| Goodwill Impairment |
||||
| We evaluate goodwill for impairment annually or more frequently whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the goodwill may not be recoverable. See Note 6 - “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a complete discussion of the valuation methodologies employed.
During the three months ended June 30, 2012 and September 30, 2012, we determined it was necessary to perform an interim goodwill impairment analysis on our GS reporting unit. There was no impairment indicated for the three months ended September 30, 2012. However, we recorded an estimated impairment charge during the three months ended June 30, 2012 of $65.3 million. Based on the completion of the second step of the analysis using the methodologies described in Note 6 - “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” we recorded an increase of $3.9 million thus resulting in an aggregate goodwill impairment charge of $69.2 million. As of December 31, 2012, we completed our annual assessment of goodwill impairment using the methodology described therein and no impairment losses were recognized for any of Kforce’s reporting units.
The carrying value of goodwill as of December 31, 2012 by reporting unit was $17.0 million, $8.0 million, $4.9 million and $33.5 million for our Tech, FA, HIM and GS reporting units, respectively. |
We determine the fair value of our reporting units using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow, guideline transaction method and guideline company method. These types of analyses contain uncertainties because they require management to make significant assumptions and judgments including: (i) an appropriate rate to discount the expected future cash flows, (ii) the inherent risk in achieving forecasted operating results, (iii) long-term growth rates, (iv) expectations for future economic cycles, (v) market comparable companies and appropriate adjustments thereto and (vi) market multiples.
It is our policy to conduct impairment testing based on our current business strategy in light of present industry and economic conditions, as well as future expectations. |
For our Tech, FA and HIM reporting units, Kforce assessed the qualitative factors of each reporting unit to determine if it was more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit was less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. Based upon the qualitative assessments, it was determined that it was not more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting units were less than the carrying values and, thus, no further testing was determined necessary.
For our GS reporting unit, however, a quantitative step-one impairment assessment was performed as of December 31, 2012 resulting in the fair value of the GS reporting unit exceeding the carrying value of invested capital by $11.7 million, or 18.0%. Increasing risk surrounding federal deficits and sequestration, in addition to those considered in our 2012 assumptions, may indicate future impairment in the GS reporting unit, which could be material.
Based on the results, a step-two analysis was not required and no impairment was noted in the GS reporting unit as of December 31, 2012. | ||
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| Description |
Judgments and Uncertainties |
Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions | ||
| Self-Insured Liabilities |
||||
| We are self-insured for certain losses related to health insurance and workers’ compensation claims. However, we obtain third-party insurance coverage to limit our exposure to these claims.
When estimating our self-insured liabilities, we consider a number of factors, including historical claims experience, plan structure, internal claims management activities, demographic factors and severity factors. Periodically, management reviews its assumptions to determine the adequacy of our self-insured liabilities.
Our liabilities for health insurance and workers’ compensation claims as of December 31, 2012 were $3.1 million and $1.5 million, respectively. |
Our self-insured liabilities contain uncertainties because management is required to make assumptions and to apply judgment to estimate the ultimate total cost to settle reported claims and claims incurred but not reported as of the balance sheet date. | We have not made any material changes in the accounting methodologies used to establish our self-insured liabilities during the past three fiscal years.
We do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change in the estimates or assumptions we use to calculate our self-insured liabilities. However, if actual results are not consistent with our estimates or assumptions, we may be exposed to losses or gains that could be material.
A 10% change in our self-insured liabilities related to health insurance and workers’ compensation as of December 31, 2012 would have impacted our net income for 2012 by approximately $0.5 million. | ||
| Description |
Judgments and Uncertainties |
Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions | ||
| Stock-Based Compensation |
||||
| We have stock-based compensation programs, which include options, stock appreciation rights (SARs) and unvested share awards and an employee stock purchase plan. See Note 1 - “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” Note 12 - “Employee Benefit Plans,” and Note 14 - “Stock Incentive Plans” to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a complete discussion of our stock-based compensation programs.
We have not granted any stock options or SARs over the last three years. We determine the fair market value of our RS and PARS based on the closing stock price of Kforce’s common stock on the date of grant. We also utilize a lattice model to determine the derived service period for our PARS, which contain a market condition. |
RS and PARS require management to make assumptions regarding the likelihood of achieving market conditions during the vesting period, which are inherently difficult to estimate but are modeled using a Monte Carlo simulation model, as well as employee turnover rates. | We do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change in the future estimates or assumptions we use to determine stock-based compensation expense. However, if actual results are not consistent with our estimates or assumptions, we may be exposed to changes in stock-based compensation expense that could be material or the stock-based compensation expense reported in our financial statements may not be representative of the actual economic cost of the stock-based compensation.
A 10% change in unrecognized stock-based compensation expense would have had an insignificant impact on our net income for 2012. | ||
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| Description |
Judgments and Uncertainties |
Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions | ||
| Defined Benefit Pension Plan – U.S. |
||||
| We have a defined benefit pension plan that benefits certain named executive officers, the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (“SERP”) and a defined benefit postretirement health plan, the Supplemental Executive Retirement Health Plan (“SERHP”). See Note 12 - “Employee Benefit Plans” to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a complete discussion of the terms of these plans.
Neither the SERP or SERHP were funded as of December 31, 2012 or 2011. |
When estimating the obligation for our pension and postretirement benefit plans, management is required to make certain assumptions and to apply judgment with respect to determining an appropriate discount rate, bonus percentage assumptions, expected health care and premium cost trends, applicability of health care regulations and expected future compensation increases for the participants in the plans, as they apply to our plans. | We do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change in the estimates or assumptions we use to calculate our obligation. However, if actual results are not consistent with our estimates or assumptions, we may be exposed to losses or gains that could be material.
A 10% change in the discount rate used to measure the net periodic pension cost for the SERP and SERHP during 2012 would have had an insignificant impact on our net income for 2012. | ||
| Description |
Judgments and Uncertainties |
Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions | ||
| Accounting for Income Taxes |
||||
| See Note 4 - “Income Taxes” to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a complete discussion of the components of Kforce’s income tax expense as well as the temporary differences that exist as of December 31, 2012. | Our consolidated effective income tax rate is influenced by tax planning opportunities available to us in the various jurisdictions in which we conduct business. Significant judgment is required in determining our effective tax rate and in evaluating our tax positions, including those that may be uncertain.
Kforce is also required to exercise judgment with respect to the realization of our net deferred tax assets. Management evaluates all positive and negative evidence and exercises judgment regarding past and future events to determine if it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred tax assets may not be realized. If appropriate, a valuation allowance is recorded against deferred tax assets to offset future tax benefits that may not be realized. |
We do not believe that there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change in our liability for uncertain income tax positions or our effective income tax rate. However, if actual results are not consistent with our estimates or assumptions, we may be exposed to losses that could be material. Kforce recorded a valuation allowance of $0.1 million as of December 31, 2012 related primarily to state net operating losses.
A 0.50% change in our effective income tax rate from continuing operations would have impacted our net income for 2012 by approximately $0.3 million. | ||
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NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
In December 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued authoritative guidance regarding the presentation of netting assets and liabilities as a single amount in the statement of financial position to address the difference between GAAP and international financial reporting standards (“IFRS”). This guidance is to be applied for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013, and interim periods within those annual periods. Kforce does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its future consolidated financial statements.
In July 2012, the FASB issued amended guidance on the testing of indefinite-lived intangible assets, other than goodwill, for impairment. The amended guidance allows an entity to perform a qualitative impairment assessment before calculating the fair value of the asset. Entities should continue to test indefinite-lived intangible assets annually for impairment and between annual tests if there is a change in events or circumstances. This guidance is effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012, with early adoption permitted. Kforce does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its future consolidated financial statements.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net service revenues for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 were $1.08 billion, $1.00 billion and $886.7 million, respectively, which represents an increase of 7.7% from 2011 to 2012 and 13.3% from 2010 to 2011. The increases were primarily due to our Tech (which represented 62.4% of our total net service revenues in 2012) and FA segments (which represented 22.0% of our net service revenues in 2012), which had increases in net service revenues from 2011 to 2012 of 8.3% and 8.6%, respectively, and increases from 2010 to 2011 of 15.9% and 17.3%, respectively. In addition, net service revenues for HIM increased 12.1% from 2011 to 2012 and 19.0% from 2010 to 2011. However, our GS segment experienced a 1.1% decline in net service revenues from 2011 to 2012 and a 10.4% decline from 2010 to 2011. Search revenues increased 9.6% for 2012 compared to 2011 and 13.0% for 2011 compared to 2010.
Flex gross profit margins increased 50 basis points to 29.0% for the year ended December 31, 2012 from 28.5% for the year ended December 31, 2011. Kforce experienced increases in Flex gross profit margins across all segments, except for HIM which remained flat year over year. The increases were primarily attributable to an increase in the spread between our bill and pay rates. The optimization of our Flex gross profit margins was a strategic initiative for the Firm in 2012 and we expect to continue being diligent around managing our bill and pay rates in 2013 and beyond. The increase in the spread between our bill and pay rates was partially offset by increases in statutory payroll costs, particularly relating to unemployment taxes. Flex gross profit margins decreased from 28.9% for the year ended December 31, 2010 to 28.5% for the year ended December 31, 2011 due primarily to the increase in statutory payroll costs.
SG&A expenses as a percentage of net service revenues were 29.8% and 27.3% for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The increase in SG&A expenses as a percentage of net service revenues during the year ended December 31, 2012 was primarily the result of the acceleration of substantially all of the outstanding and unvested PARS, RS and ALTI awards on March 31, 2012, which resulted in the recognition of compensation expense during the three months ended March 31, 2012 of $31.3 million, including payroll taxes.
Additionally, during the year ended December 31, 2012, Kforce recorded a goodwill impairment charge in the aggregate amount of $69.2 million in our GS reporting unit related to an interim goodwill impairment test performed as of June 30, 2012. The goodwill impairment charge was the result of the adverse effect of the unexpected significant delays in the start-up of already executed and funded projects, which we believe was due to acute shortages of acquisition and contracting personnel within certain Federal Government agencies, uncertainty of funding levels of various Federal Government programs and agencies and the increasingly uncertain macro-economic and political environment. All of these largely unanticipated factors had an adverse effect on GS operations and forecasted cash flows, its enterprise value as well as overall equity values in the GS sector. There were no indications of impairment in our GS reporting unit stemming from the interim goodwill impairment test performed as of September 30, 2012 and our year-end goodwill impairment test as of December 31, 2012. Net service revenues for our GS segment increased sequentially in the three months ended September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2012 by 5.4% and 6.6%, respectively, and are anticipated to increase in 2013. However, it is difficult to predict the impact, if any, to GS of the budget sequestration process that is currently scheduled to begin March 1, 2013 absent definitive corrective actions taken by the U.S. Congress and the President.
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From an economic standpoint, temporary employment figures and trends are important indicators of staffing demand, which improved during 2012 as compared to 2011 based on data published by the BLS. Total temporary employment increased 6.4% in 2012 and the penetration rate (the percentage of temporary staffing to total employment) was 1.90% as of December 2012, an increase of 5.0% over 2011, which remains down from the peak penetration rate of 2.03% that was reached in April 2000. While we believe the macro-employment picture continues to be relatively weak with the unemployment rate at 7.8% as of December 2012, non-farm payroll expanded by 155,000 jobs in December 2012 and growth has remained positive for 27 consecutive months. Also, the college-level unemployment rate, which serves as a proxy for professional employment and is more closely aligned with the Firm’s business strategy, was at 3.8% as of December 31, 2012. Kforce believes that uncertainty in the overall U.S. economic outlook related to the political landscape, potential tax changes, geo-political risk and impact of health care reform, will continue to fuel growth in temporary staffing as employers may be reluctant to increase full-time hiring. If the penetration rate of temporary staffing continues to experience growth in the coming years, we believe that our Flex revenues can grow significantly even in a relatively modest growth macro-economic environment. Kforce remains optimistic about the growth prospects of the temporary staffing industry, the penetration rate, and in particular, our revenue portfolio.
Over the last few years, we have undertaken several significant initiatives including: (i) further developing and optimizing our NRC and SA teams in support of our field operations; (ii) restructuring both our back office and field operations under our Shared Services program, which focuses on process improvement, centralization, technology infrastructure and outsourcing; (iii) upgrading our corporate systems (primarily our front-end systems) with a focus on AMP!, ICE, job order prioritization and the development of mobile applications and (iv) making other technology investments designed to increase the performance of our corporate and field associates. We believe that these investments have increased our operating efficiency, enabling us to be more responsive to our clients and have provided a better operating platform to support our expected future growth. We believe our field operations model, which allows us to deliver our service offerings in a disciplined and consistent manner across all geographies and business lines, as well as our highly centralized back office operations, are competitive advantages and keys to our future growth and profitability. We also believe that our diversified portfolio of service offerings, which are primarily in the U.S., will also be a key contributor to our long-term financial stability.
Net Service Revenues. The following table sets forth, as a percentage of net service revenues, certain items in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the years ended:
| December 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| Revenues by Segment: |
||||||||||||
| Tech |
62.4 | % | 62.1 | % | 60.8 | % | ||||||
| FA |
22.0 | 21.9 | 21.1 | |||||||||
| HIM |
7.1 | 6.8 | 6.5 | |||||||||
| GS |
8.5 | 9.2 | 11.6 | |||||||||
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|
|
|
|||||||
| Net service revenues |
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||||
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|
|||||||
| Revenues by Type: |
||||||||||||
| Flex |
95.6 | % | 95.7 | % | 95.7 | % | ||||||
| Search |
4.4 | 4.3 | 4.3 | |||||||||
|
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|
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| Net service revenues |
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||||
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|
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| Gross profit |
32.1 | % | 31.6 | % | 32.0 | % | ||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses |
29.8 | % | 27.3 | % | 28.3 | % | ||||||
| Goodwill impairment |
6.4 | % | — | — | ||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization |
1.0 | % | 1.2 | % | 1.4 | % | ||||||
| (Loss) income from continuing operations, before income taxes |
(5.1 | )% | 3.0 | % | 2.1 | % | ||||||
| (Loss) income from continuing operations |
(3.3 | )% | 1.9 | % | 1.4 | % | ||||||
| Net (loss) income |
(1.3 | )% | 2.7 | % | 2.3 | % | ||||||
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The following table details net service revenues for Flex and Search revenues by segment and changes from the prior year.
| (in $000’s) |
2012 | Increase (Decrease) |
2011 | Increase (Decrease) |
2010 | |||||||||||||||
| Tech |
||||||||||||||||||||
| Flex |
$ | 655,062 | 8.1% | $ | 606,238 | 16.1% | $ | 522,220 | ||||||||||||
| Search |
20,525 | 15.5% | 17,774 | 8.7% | 16,346 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
| Total Tech |
$ | 675,587 | 8.3% | $ | 624,012 | 15.9% | $ | 538,566 | ||||||||||||
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| FA |
||||||||||||||||||||
| Flex |
$ | 211,797 | 9.0% | $ | 194,359 | 17.2% | $ | 165,831 | ||||||||||||
| Search |
26,679 | 5.8% | 25,216 | 18.0% | 21,365 | |||||||||||||||
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|
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|
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|
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| Total FA |
$ | 238,476 | 8.6% | $ | 219,575 | 17.3% | $ | 187,196 | ||||||||||||
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| HIM |
||||||||||||||||||||
| Flex |
$ | 76,517 | 12.2% | $ | 68,181 | 19.7% | $ | 56,965 | ||||||||||||
| Search |
475 | (10.4)% | 530 | (33.6)% | 798 | |||||||||||||||
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|
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|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
| Total HIM |
$ | 76,992 | 12.1% | $ | 68,711 | 19.0% | $ | 57,763 | ||||||||||||
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| GS |
||||||||||||||||||||
| Flex |
$ | 91,424 | (1.1)% | $ | 92,449 | (10.4)% | $ | 103,132 | ||||||||||||
| Search |
— | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
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| Total GS |
$ | 91,424 | (1.1)% | $ | 92,449 | (10.4)% | $ | 103,132 | ||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
| Total Flex |
$ | 1,034,800 | 7.7% | $ | 961,227 | 13.3% | $ | 848,148 | ||||||||||||
| Total Search |
47,679 | 9.6% | 43,520 | 13.0% | 38,509 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
| Total Revenues |
$ | 1,082,479 | 7.7% | $ | 1,004,747 | 13.3% | $ | 886,657 | ||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
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While quarterly comparisons are not fully discussed herein, certain quarterly revenue trends are referred to in discussing annual comparisons. Our quarterly operating results are affected by the number of billing days in a quarter, which is provided in the table below. This 2012 quarterly information is presented for this purpose only.
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
| (in $000’s, except Billing Days) |
December 31 | September 30 | June 30 | March 31 | ||||||||||||
| Billing Days |
62 | 63 | 64 | 64 | ||||||||||||
| Flex Revenues |
||||||||||||||||
| Tech |
$ | 163,282 | $ | 165,342 | $ | 166,044 | $ | 160,394 | ||||||||
| FA |
51,936 | 51,661 | 53,562 | 54,638 | ||||||||||||
| HIM |
19,332 | 18,089 | 19,774 | 19,322 | ||||||||||||
| GS |
24,193 | 22,698 | 21,545 | 22,988 | ||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
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|
|||||||||
| Total Flex |
$ | 258,743 | $ | 257,790 | $ | 260,925 | $ | 257,342 | ||||||||
|
|
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|
|
|
|||||||||
| Search Revenues |
||||||||||||||||
| Tech |
$ | 4,334 | $ | 5,235 | $ | 5,695 | $ | 5,261 | ||||||||
| FA |
6,688 | 7,068 | 7,305 | 5,618 | ||||||||||||
| HIM |
74 | 68 | 204 | 129 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Total Search |
$ | 11,096 | $ | 12,371 | $ | 13,204 | $ | 11,008 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Total Revenues |
||||||||||||||||
| Tech |
$ | 167,616 | $ | 170,577 | $ | 171,739 | $ | 165,655 | ||||||||
| FA |
58,624 | 58,729 | 60,867 | 60,256 | ||||||||||||
| HIM |
19,406 | 18,157 | 19,978 | 19,451 | ||||||||||||
| GS |
24,193 | 22,698 | 21,545 | 22,988 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Total Revenues |
$ | 269,839 | $ | 270,161 | $ | 274,129 | $ | 268,350 | ||||||||
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Table of Contents
Flex Revenues. The primary drivers of Flex revenues are the number of consultant hours worked, the consultant bill rate per hour and, to a limited extent, the amount of billable expenses incurred by Kforce.
Flex revenues for our largest segment, Tech, have been strong compared to the modest growth realized in the most recent economic recovery, which we believe is primarily a result of candidate skill sets that are in demand, our great people and our operating model as well as overall macro-economic and political uncertainties which make Flex staffing increasingly attractive. We believe that our operating model allows us to deliver our service offerings in a disciplined and consistent manner across all geographies and business lines resulting in an increase in Tech Flex revenues of 8.1% during the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared 2011. This operating model includes our NRC, which we believe has been highly effective in increasing the quality and speed of delivery of services to our clients, particularly our Strategic Accounts. A report published by SIA during 2012 indicated technology staffing is expected to continue strong growth of approximately 8% for 2013 due in part to a shift by consumers of technology staffing services away from independent contractors and into temporary staffing primarily due to increased employment compliance risk. In addition to this shift of hiring to a temporary staffing model, SIA states notable skill shortages in certain technology skill sets are continuing, which we believe will result in strong future growth in our Tech segment. In order to capture this expected demand, the Firm increased its Tech staffing headcount 10.5% in the fourth quarter of 2012, which we believe will assist our field sales teams in capturing expected market demand. The NRC currently supports approximately 33% of our Tech revenue. The Firm anticipates continuing to selectively invest in the headcount necessary to capture this expected demand.
Our FA segment experienced an increase in Flex revenues of 9.0% during the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to 2011, which was a deceleration from the increase of 17.2% during the year ended December 31, 2011 as compared to 2010. SIA released a report in the second half of 2012 predicting continued growth of 7% in the FA sector going into 2013. Consistent with Tech, we believe that the success of our FA segment has been partially enabled by our NRC, which has been particularly effective in meeting the demand of our Strategic Accounts. The NRC currently supports approximately 27% of our FA revenue. We expect to see continued growth in 2013 within our FA segment. In order to capture this expected demand, the Firm increased its FA staffing headcount 10.3% in the fourth quarter of 2012 and anticipates continuing to selectively invest in the headcount necessary to capture this demand.
Net service revenues for HIM experienced continued growth during the year as compared to 2011 as hospital census and spending continued to increase. HIM service revenues increased 12.1% during the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to 2011. On August 24, 2012, the DHHS published a required implementation date of October 1, 2014 for compliance with ICD-10, which we expect to contribute to the growth of HIM service revenues in 2013. We expect to see continued growth in 2013 within HIM driven primarily by requirements and deadlines related to ICD-10 conversion and electronic health records implementation.
Our GS segment experienced a decrease in net service revenues of 1.1% during the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to 2011. We believe this decline was the result of the adverse effect of the unexpected significant delays in the start-up of already executed and funded projects, which we believe was due to acute shortages of acquisition and contracting personnel within certain Federal Government agencies, uncertainty of funding levels of various Federal Government programs and agencies and the increasingly uncertain macro-economic and political environment. Net service revenues for our GS segment increased sequentially in the three months ended September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2012 by 5.4% and 6.6%, respectively. We expect to see growth within our GS segment in 2013 as compared to 2012; however, we cannot predict the outcome of the widening federal deficits and past, current and future efforts to reduce federal spending, including through sequestration and whether these efforts will materially impact the budgets of federal agencies that are clients of our GS segment.
The following table details total Flex hours for each segment and percentage changes over the prior period for the years ended December 31:
| (in 000’s) |
2012 | Increase (Decrease) |
2011 | Increase (Decrease) |
2010 | |||||||||||||||
| Tech |
10,023 | 4.2 | % | 9,615 | 15.4 | % | 8,333 | |||||||||||||
| FA |
6,352 | 10.8 | % | 5,731 | 13.8 | % | 5,037 | |||||||||||||
| HIM |
1,138 | 7.3 | % | 1,061 | 24.2 | % | 854 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
| Total hours |
17,513 | 6.7 | % | 16,407 | 15.3 | % | 14,224 | |||||||||||||
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30
Table of Contents
The changes in billable expenses, which are included as a component of net services revenues, are primarily attributable to increases or decreases in project-based work. Flex billable expenses for each of our segments were as follows for the years ended December 31:
| (in $000’s) |
2012 | Increase (Decrease) |
2011 | Increase (Decrease) |
2010 | |||||||||||||||
| Tech |
$ | 7,222 | 58.0 | % | $ | 4,571 | 10.8 | % | $ | 4,126 | ||||||||||
| FA |
527 | (17.8 | )% | 641 | 71.4 | % | 374 | |||||||||||||
| HIM |
6,381 | 7.2 | % | 5,955 | (1.9 | )% | 6,071 | |||||||||||||
| GS |
556 | (34.7 | )% | 852 | 58.4 | % | 538 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
| Total billable expenses |
$ | 14,686 | 22.2 | % | $ | 12,019 | 8.2 | % | $ | 11,109 | ||||||||||
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|
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Search Fees. The primary drivers of Search fees are the number of placements and the average placement fee. Search fees also include conversion revenues (conversions occur when consultants initially assigned to a client on a temporary basis are later converted to a permanent placement). Our GS segment does not make permanent placements.
Search revenues increased 9.6% during the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to 2011. We believe the increase over the prior year reflects clients who are continuing to selectively rebuild staff after significant reductions during the most recent economic recession. We expect to see an increase in Search revenues in 2013.
Total placements for each segment were as follows for the years ended December 31:
| 2012 | Increase (Decrease) |
2011 | Increase (Decrease) |
2010 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tech |
1,317 | 8.7 | % | 1,212 | 8.4 | % | 1,118 | |||||||||||||
| FA |
2,044 | 2.1 | % | 2,001 | 9.9 | % | 1,820 | |||||||||||||
| HIM |
40 | (45.2 | )% | 73 | 25.9 | % | 58 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
| Total placements |
3,401 | 3.5 | % | 3,286 | 9.7 | % | 2,996 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
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|
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|
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The average fee per placement for each segment was as follows for the years ended December 31:
| 2012 | Increase (Decrease) |
2011 | Increase (Decrease) |
2010 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tech |
$ | 15,577 | 6.2 | % | $ | 14,665 | 0.3 | % | $ | 14,615 | ||||||||||
| FA |
13,051 | 3.5 | % | 12,605 | 7.3 | % | 11,742 | |||||||||||||
| HIM |
12,029 | 65.6 | % | 7,264 | (47.2 | )% | 13,758 | |||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
| Total average placement fee |
$ | 14,017 | 5.8 | % | $ | 13,244 | 3.0 | % | $ | 12,853 | ||||||||||
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Gross Profit. Gross profit on Flex billings is determined by deducting the direct cost of services (primarily flexible personnel payroll wages, payroll taxes, payroll-related insurance, and subcontractor costs) from net Flex service revenues. In addition, consistent with industry practices, gross profit dollars from Search fees are equal to revenues, because there are generally no direct costs associated with such revenues.
The following table presents, for each segment, the gross profit percentage (gross profit as a percentage of revenues) for the year as well as the increase or decrease over the preceding period, as follows:
| 2012 | Increase (Decrease) |
2011 | Increase (Decrease) |
2010 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tech |
29.7 | % | 1.4 | % | 29.3 | % | (1.3 | )% | 29.7 | % | ||||||||||
| FA |
38.2 | % | 2.1 | % | 37.4 | % | (1.1 | )% | 37.8 | % | ||||||||||
| HIM |
35.5 | % | (0.3 | )% | 35.6 | % | 3.5 | % | 34.4 | % | ||||||||||
| GS |
31.4 | % | 2.3 | % | 30.7 | % | (4.7 | )% | 32.2 | % | ||||||||||
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|
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|
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|
|
|||||||||||||||
| Total gross profit percentage |
32.1 | % | 1.6 | % | 31.6 | % | (1.3 | )% | 32.0 | % | ||||||||||
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Table of Contents
Kforce also monitors the gross profit percentage as a percentage of Flex revenues, which is referred to as the Flex gross profit percentage. This provides management with helpful insight into the other drivers of total gross profit percentage such as changes in volume evidenced by changes in hours billed for Flex and changes in the spread between bill rate and pay rate for Flex.
The increase in Search gross profit from 2011 to 2012 was $4.2 million, composed of a $1.6 million increase in volume and a $2.6 million increase in rate.
The following table presents, for each segment, the Flex gross profit percentage for the years ended December 31:
| 2012 | Increase (Decrease) |
2011 | Increase (Decrease) |
2010 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tech |
27.5 | % | 1.1 | % | 27.2 | % | (1.1 | )% | 27.5 | % | ||||||||||
| FA |
30.4 | % | 4.1 | % | 29.2 | % | (2.0 | )% | 29.8 | % | ||||||||||
| HIM |
35.1 | % | 0.0 | % | 35.1 | % | 5.1 | % | 33.4 | % | ||||||||||
| GS |
31.4 | % | 2.3 | % | 30.7 | % | (4.7 | )% | 32.2 | % | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
| Total Flex gross profit percentage |
29.0 | % | 1.8 | % | 28.5 | % | (1.4 | )% | 28.9 | % | ||||||||||
The increase in Flex gross profit from 2011 to 2012 was $26.0 million, composed of a $21.0 million increase in volume and a $5.0 million increase in rate.
The Flex gross profit percentage was positively impacted during the year ended December 31, 2012 by the improvement in the spread between the bill rates and pay rates. These increases were partially offset by higher statutory payroll taxes, particularly increases in unemployment taxes, as well as increases in billable expenses during the year ended December 31, 2012. Payroll taxes, particularly unemployment taxes, are highest in the first quarter of the year because employees have not yet earned sufficient wages to exceed the basis on which taxes are payable, have risen in recent years and may continue to rise and negatively impact Flex gross profit. In addition during 2012, we recorded the settlement of a sales, income and gross receipts tax audit by a state taxing authority in the amount of $1.5 million, which negatively impacted Flex gross profit. A continued focus for Kforce is to optimize the spread between bill rates and pay rates by providing our associates with tools, economic knowledge and defined programs to drive improvement in the effectiveness of our pricing strategy around the staffing services we provide. We believe this strategy will serve to balance the desire for optimal volume, rate, effort and duration of assignment, while ultimately maximizing the benefit for our clients, our consultants and Kforce. We anticipate that Flex gross profit margins will be flat to slightly expanding in 2013 as compared to 2012 based on expected improvements in bill and pay spread offsetting expected increases in statutory payroll costs.
Selling, General and Administrative (“SG&A”) Expenses. For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, total commissions, compensation, payroll taxes, and benefit costs as a percentage of SG&A represented 86.2%, 87.4% and 84.4%, respectively. Commissions and related payroll taxes and benefit costs are variable costs driven primarily by revenues and gross profit levels, and associate performance. Therefore, as gross profit levels change, these expenses are also generally anticipated to change but remain relatively consistent as a percentage of revenues.
The following table presents these components of SG&A along with an “other” caption, which includes bad debt expense, lease expense, professional fees, travel, telephone, computer and certain other expenses; as an absolute amount and as a percentage of total net service revenues for the years ended December 31:
| (in $000’s) |
2012 | % of Revenues |
2011 | % of Revenues |
2010 | % of Revenues |
||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation, commissions, payroll taxes and benefits costs |
$ | 277,851 | 25.7 | % | $ | 239,457 | 23.8 | % | $ | 211,878 | 23.9 | % | ||||||||||||
| Other |
44,585 | 4.1 | 34,615 | 3.5 | 39,278 | 4.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
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|
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| Total SG&A |
$ | 322,436 | 29.8 | % | $ | 274,072 | 27.3 | % | $ | 251,156 | 28.3 | % | ||||||||||||
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32
Table of Contents
SG&A as a percentage of net service revenues increased 250 basis points in 2012 compared to 2011. This was primarily attributable to the following:
| • | Increase in compensation and benefits cost of 2.0% of net service revenues, which was primarily related to an increase in stock-based compensation expense and related payroll taxes for the acceleration of the vesting for substantially all of the outstanding and unvested RS, PARS and ALTI awards on March 31, 2012. This resulted in compensation expense of $31.3 million, including payroll taxes, being recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2012. |
| • | Decrease in commission expense of 0.2% of net service revenues, which was primarily attributable to a decrease in the estimated annual effective commission rate due to certain changes made to our compensation plans. This decrease was partially offset by the increase in the average revenue responsible headcount during 2012 as compared to 2011. |
| • | Increase in bad debt expense of 0.3% of net service revenues, which was primarily attributable to (i) an increased level of write-offs in the first half of 2012 as compared to 2011 and (ii) a reduction in the allowance for doubtful accounts during 2011 due to positive collection trends. |
| • | Increase in professional fees of 0.2% of net service revenues as compared to 2011 due to an additional investment in compliance-related activities. |
Goodwill Impairment. As discussed above, our GS segment’s operations have been adversely impacted by the unexpected significant delays in the start-up of already executed and funded projects which we believe are due to acute shortages of acquisition and contracting personnel within certain Federal Government agencies. In addition, the continued uncertainty of funding levels of various Federal Government programs and agencies with which GS operates and the increasingly uncertain macro-economic and political environment resulted in GS electing to forego bidding on certain opportunities in the second quarter of 2012 in order to focus efforts on contracts that we believed achieve the right balance between revenue and profitability and were with Federal Government agencies that were expected to be less impacted by Federal budget reductions and sequestration cuts. Accordingly, due to these factors, in mid-June 2012, we undertook an effort to revise our projected outlook for the remainder of 2012 and beyond taking into consideration the items above as well as increases in certain operating expenses necessary to support GS on a go-forward basis. Given this, Kforce believed that a triggering event occurred within our GS reporting unit during the quarter ended June 30, 2012. As a result, Kforce performed an interim goodwill impairment test for its GS reporting unit as of June 30, 2012, which resulted in Kforce recording an impairment charge of approximately $69.2 million ($65.3 million was recorded as an estimate in the second quarter of 2012 and $3.9 million was recorded as an adjustment to the estimate in the fourth quarter of 2012) and a related tax benefit of approximately $24.7 million during 2012.
Due to the lower than anticipated performance of our GS reporting unit in the third quarter of 2012 as well as a reduction in the forecast for the business as a result of a continued shift to a higher quality revenue stream, the widening federal deficits and potential increased risk of sequestration, Kforce believed that a triggering event had occurred for its GS reporting unit as of September 30, 2012. Thus, Kforce performed an interim goodwill impairment test for its GS reporting unit as of September 30, 2012. The results of the first step of the goodwill impairment test as of September 30, 2012 indicated that the fair value of the GS reporting unit exceeded its carrying value; therefore, the second step of the test to determine the implied fair value of goodwill for the GS reporting unit was not required.
Kforce performed its annual goodwill impairment analysis as of December 31, 2012, which resulted in the fair value of the GS reporting unit exceeding its carrying amount by 18.0%. A deterioration in the assumptions discussed in Note 6 - “Goodwill and Intangible Assets” to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, could result in an additional impairment charge. In addition, we cannot predict the outcome of the widening federal deficits and past, current and future efforts to reduce federal spending, including through sequestration cuts that are currently scheduled to begin March 1, 2013, and whether these efforts will materially impact the budgets of federal agencies that are clients of our GS segment. Increasing risk surrounding federal deficits and sequestration, in addition to those considered in our 2012 assumptions, may indicate future impairment in the GS reporting unit, which could be material. As of December 31, 2012, goodwill allocated to the GS reporting unit was $33.5 million.
33
Table of Contents
Depreciation and Amortization. The following table presents depreciation and amortization expense by major category for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 as well as the increases (decreases) experienced during 2012 and 2011:
| (in $000’s) |
2012 | Increase (Decrease) |
2011 | Increase (Decrease) |
2010 | |||||||||||||||
| Fixed asset depreciation |
$ | 3,706 | (11.7)% | $ | 4,197 | 11.1% | $ | 3,777 | ||||||||||||
| Capital lease asset depreciation |
1,662 | 2.0 | 1,629 | (8.5) | 1,781 | |||||||||||||||
| Capitalized software amortization |
4,514 | (18.3) | 5,527 | 12.7 | 4,903 | |||||||||||||||
| Intangible asset amortization |
907 | (21.3) | 1,152 | (45.9) | 2,128 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
| Total depreciation and amortization |
$ | 10,789 | (13.7)% | $ | 12,505 | (0.7)% | $ | 12,589 | ||||||||||||
|
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|||||||||||||||
Fixed Asset Depreciation: The $0.4 million increase in 2011 is primarily related to the acquisition of Kforce’s corporate headquarters in May 2010. The $0.5 million decrease in 2012 is primarily the result of certain assets becoming fully depreciated during 2012.
Capitalized Software Amortization: The $0.6 million increase in 2011 is primarily related to significant technology investments made by Kforce during 2011. The $1.0 million decrease in 2012 is related to software becoming fully amortized during the 2012.
Intangible Asset Amortization: The $1.0 million decrease in 2011 relates to certain intangibles assets acquired in the 2008 acquisition of dNovus becoming fully amortized.
Other Expense, Net. Other expense, net was $1.1 million in 2012, $1.3 million in 2011 and $1.2 million in 2010, and consists primarily of interest expense related to Kforce’s Credit Facility.
Income Tax Expense (Benefit). For the year ending December 31, 2012, income tax benefit as a percentage of loss before income taxes (our “effective rate”) was 35.7%. For the years ending December 31, 2011 and 2010, income tax expense as a percentage of income before income taxes was 36.3% and 36.4%, respectively. The income tax benefit for 2012 was primarily related to tax benefits of $24.7 million associated with the $69.2 million goodwill impairment charge taken in 2012.
Income from Discontinued Operations, Net of Income Taxes. Discontinued operations for each of the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 includes the consolidated income and expenses of KCR. During the three months ended March 31, 2012, Kforce completed the sale of KCR resulting in a pre-tax gain, including adjustments, of $36.4 million. Included in the determination of the pre-tax gain is approximately $5.5 million of goodwill and transaction expenses totaling approximately $2.2 million, which primarily included commissions, legal fees and transaction bonuses.
Income tax expense as a percentage of income from discontinued operations, before income taxes, for each of the three years ended December 31, 2012 was 44.6%, 39.5% and 40.3%, respectively. The increase in the effective income tax rate of discontinued operations during the year ended December 31, 2012 is primarily related to the non-deductible nature of the goodwill write-off of $5.5 million.
Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, is defined by Kforce as net (loss) income before discontinued operations, goodwill impairment (pre-tax) charges, interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization and acceleration and amortization of stock-based compensation expense. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered a measure of financial performance under GAAP. Items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA are significant components in understanding and assessing our past and future financial performance, and this presentation should not be construed as an inference by us that our future results will be unaffected by those items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is a key measure used by management to evaluate its operations including its ability to generate cash flows and, consequently, management believes this is useful information to investors. The measure should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to net income, cash flows or other financial statement information presented in the consolidated financial statements as indicators of financial performance or liquidity. The measure is not determined in accordance with GAAP and is thus susceptible to varying calculations. Also, Adjusted EBITDA, as presented, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies.
Some of the items that are excluded also impacted certain balance sheet assets, resulting in all or a portion of an asset being written off without a corresponding recovery of cash we may have previously spent with respect to the asset. In addition, although we excluded stock-based compensation expense (which we expect to continue to incur in the future) because it is a non-cash expense, the associated stock issued may result in an increase in our outstanding shares of stock, which may result in the dilution of our stockholder ownership interest. We encourage you to evaluate these items and the potential risks of excluding such items when analyzing our financial position.
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The following table presents Adjusted EBITDA results and includes a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income for the years ended December 31:
| (in $000’s) except per share amounts |
Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2012 | Per Share | 2011 | Per Share | 2010 | Per Share | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income |
$ | (13,703 | ) | $ | (0.38 | ) | $ | 27,156 | $ | 0.70 | $ | 20,634 | $ | 0.51 | ||||||||||
| Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes |
22,009 | 0.62 | 8,100 | 0.21 | 8,638 | 0.21 | ||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|||||||||||||
| (Loss) income from continuing operations |
$ | (35,712 | ) | $ | (1.00 | ) | $ | 19,056 | $ | 0.49 | $ | 11,996 | $ | 0.30 | ||||||||||
| Goodwill impairment, pre-tax |
69,158 | 1.93 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization |
10,789 | 0.30 | 12,505 | 0.32 | 12,589 | 0.31 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Acceleration of RS and PARs |
22,158 | 0.62 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of RS and PARs |
3,530 | 0.10 | 11,819 | 0.30 | 5,977 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense and other |
994 | 0.03 | 1,272 | 0.04 | 1,194 | 0.02 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax (benefit) expense |
(19,854 | ) | (0.55 | ) | 10,858 | 0.28 | 6,869 | 0.17 | ||||||||||||||||
| Earnings per share adjustment (1) |
— | (0.01 | ) | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA |
$ | 51,063 | $ | 1.42 | $ | 55,510 | $ | 1.43 | $ | 38,625 | $ | 0.95 | ||||||||||||
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| (1) | This earnings per share adjustment is necessary to properly reconcile net loss per share on a GAAP basis to Adjusted EBITDA per share. |
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
To meet our capital and liquidity requirements, we primarily rely on operating cash flow as well as borrowings under our existing Credit Facility. At December 31, 2012, Kforce had $72.7 million in working capital compared to $103.1 million in 2011. Kforce’s current ratio (current assets divided by current liabilities) was 1.7 at the end of 2012 and 2.2 at the end of 2011. The decrease in working capital was primarily due to improved collections resulting in decreased accounts receivable in the fourth quarter of 2012.
Please see the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years ended December 31, 2012 in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data for a more detailed description of our cash flows. Kforce is principally focused on achieving the appropriate balance in the following areas of cash flow: (i) achieving positive cash flow from operating activities; (ii) reducing the outstanding balance of our Credit Facility; (iii) repurchasing our common stock; (iv) investing in our infrastructure to allow sustainable growth via capital expenditures; and (v) making strategic acquisitions.
We believe that existing cash and cash equivalents, cash flow from operations, and available borrowings under our Credit Facility will be adequate to meet the capital expenditure and working capital requirements of our operations for at least the next 12 months. However, significant deterioration in the economic environment or market conditions, among other things, could negatively impact operating results, cash flow, liquidity and the ability of our lenders to fund borrowings. There is no assurance that: (i) our lenders will be able to fund our borrowings or (ii) if operations were to deteriorate and additional financing were to become necessary, we would be able to obtain financing in amounts sufficient to meet operating requirements or at terms which are satisfactory and which would allow us to remain competitive.
Actual results could also differ materially from those indicated as a result of a number of factors, including the use of currently available resources for possible acquisitions and possible additional stock repurchases and dividends.
The following table presents a summary of our cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities, as follows:
| Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
| (in $000’s) |
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||
| Cash provided by (used in): |
||||||||||||
| Operating activities |
$ | 55,978 | $ | 31,240 | $ | 28,590 | ||||||
| Investing activities |
52,405 | (10,090 | ) | (35,768 | ) | |||||||
| Financing activities |
(107,941 | ) | (21,266 | ) | 5,421 | |||||||
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|||||||
| Net increase(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 442 | (116 | ) | $ | (1,757 | ) | |||||
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Discontinued Operations
As was previously discussed, Kforce divested itself of KCR on March 31, 2012. The accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows have been presented on a combined basis (continuing operations and discontinued operations). Cash flows provided by discontinued operations for all prior periods, during the year ended December 31, 2012, were provided by operating activities and were not material to the capital resources of Kforce. In addition, the absence of cash flows from discontinued operations is not expected to have a significant effect on the future liquidity, financial position, or capital resources of Kforce.
Operating Activities
The significant variations in cash provided by operating activities and net income in 2012 are principally related to adjustments to net income for certain non-cash charges such as depreciation and amortization expense and stock-based compensation as well as the gain on the sale of discontinued operations and the goodwill impairment charge. These adjustments are more fully detailed in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three years ended December 31, 2012 in Item 8. Financial Statement and Supplementary Data. When comparing cash flows from operating activities for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, the primary drivers of cash inflows and outflows are net trade receivables and accounts payable. During periods of growth, the business requires more working capital; therefore, operating cash flow fluctuations correspondingly occur. The significant increase in cash provided by operating activities in 2012 compared to 2011 is a result of growth in the business.
Investing Activities
Capital expenditures have been made over the years on Kforce’s infrastructure to support the growth in our business. Capital expenditures during 2012, 2011 and 2010, which exclude equipment acquired under capital leases, were $5.8 million, $6.5 million and $37.7 million, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2010, Kforce acquired its corporate headquarters for a total purchase price, including acquisition-related costs, of $28.9 million.
Effective March 31, 2012, Kforce sold all of the issued and outstanding stock of KCR for a purchase price of $50.0 million plus a $7.3 million post-closing working capital adjustment. Proceeds from the divestiture of KCR were $55.4 million, net of transaction costs, during the year ended December 31, 2012.
We expect to continue to selectively invest in our infrastructure in order to support the expected future growth in our business. Kforce believes it has sufficient cash and availability under its Credit Facility to make any expected necessary capital expenditures in the foreseeable future. In addition, we continually review our portfolio of businesses and their operations in comparison to our internal strategic and performance objectives. As part of this review, we may acquire other businesses and further invest in, fully divest and/or sell parts of our current businesses.
Financing Activities
During 2012, Kforce repurchased common stock totaled $44.4 million, which included open market repurchases of common stock of approximately $28.9 million and repurchases of common stock attributable to shares withheld for statutory minimum tax withholding requirements pertaining to the vesting of restricted stock awards of approximately $15.5 million. In 2011, repurchases of common stock were $59.6 million, which included open market repurchases of common stock of approximately $58.1 million and repurchases of common stock attributable to shares withheld for statutory minimum tax withholding requirements pertaining to the vesting of restricted stock awards of approximately $1.5 million. During 2010, there were no open market repurchases of common stock and approximately $3.6 million repurchases of common stock attributable to shares withheld for statutory minimum tax withholding requirements pertaining to the vesting of restricted stock awards and the exercise of SARs.
Additionally, during the fourth quarter of 2012, Kforce declared and paid a special cash dividend of $35.2 million, or $1.00 per share.
Credit Facility
The maximum borrowings available to Kforce under the Credit Facility are limited to: (a) a revolving credit facility of up to $100 million (the “Revolving Loan Amount”) and (b) a $15 million sub-limit included in the Credit Facility for letters of credit.
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Borrowing availability under the Credit Facility is limited to the remainder of: (a) the lesser of (i) $100.0 million minus the four week average aggregate weekly payroll of employees assigned to work for customers, or (ii) 85% of the net amount of eligible accounts receivable, plus 80% of the net amount of eligible unbilled accounts receivable, plus 80% of the net amount of eligible employee placement accounts, minus certain minimum availability reserves, and in either case; minus (b) the aggregate outstanding amount under the Credit Facility. Outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Loan Amount bear interest at a rate of: (a) LIBOR plus an applicable margin based on various factors; or (b) the higher of: (i) the prime rate, (ii) the federal funds rate plus 0.50% or (iii) LIBOR plus 1.00%. Fluctuations in the ratio of unbilled to billed receivables could result in material changes to availability from time to time. Letters of credit issued under the Credit Facility require Kforce to pay a fronting fee equal to 0.125% of the amount of each letter of credit issued plus, plus a per annum fee equal to the applicable margin for LIBOR loans based on the total letters of credit outstanding. To the extent that Kforce has unused availability under the Credit Facility, an unused line fee is required to be paid equal to the applicable margin times the amount by which the maximum revolver amount exceeded the sum of the average daily outstanding amount of the revolving loans and the average daily undrawn face amount of outstanding letters of credit during the immediately preceding month. Borrowings under the Credit Facility are secured by substantially all of the assets of Kforce and its subsidiaries, excluding the real estate located at the Kforce’s corporate headquarters in Tampa, Florida. Under the Credit Facility, Kforce is subject to certain affirmative and negative covenants including (but not limited to) the maintenance of a fixed charge coverage ratio if the Firm’s availability under the Credit Facility is less than the greater of 10% of the aggregate amount of the commitment of all of the lenders under the Credit Facility and $11.0 million. As of December 31, 2012, Kforce had availability under the Credit Facility in excess of the minimum requirement; therefore, the minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.00 to 1.00 was not applicable. Kforce believes that it will be able to maintain the minimum availability requirement; however, in the event that Kforce is unable to do so, Kforce could fail the fixed charge coverage ratio covenant, which would constitute an event of default. The Credit Facility expires September 20, 2016.
As of December 31, 2012, $21.0 million was outstanding and $64.4 million was available under the Credit Facility. During the three months ended December 31, 2012, maximum outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility were $21.0 million. As of February 18, 2013, $31.0 million was outstanding and $56.0 million was available under the Credit Facility.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Kforce provides letters of credit to certain vendors in lieu of cash deposits. At December 31, 2012, Kforce had letters of credit outstanding for workers’ compensation and other insurance coverage totaling $3.4 million and for facility lease deposits totaling $0.3 million. Aside from certain obligations more fully described in the Contractual Obligations and Commitments section below, we do not have any additional off-balance sheet arrangements that have had, or are expected to have, a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Stock Repurchases
As of December 31, 2011, $84.2 million of the Board-authorized $150.0 million common stock repurchase program remained available for future repurchases. During the year ended December 31, 2012, Kforce repurchased approximately 3.4 million shares of common stock attributable to open market repurchases and shares withheld for statutory minimum tax withholding requirements pertaining to the vesting of restricted stock awards at a total cost of approximately $44.4 million. As of December 31, 2012, $39.9 million remains available for future repurchases. On February 1, 2013, our Board of Directors approved an increase to the existing authorization for repurchases of common stock by $50.0 million (exclusive of any previously unused authorizations). As a result, $89.9 million remains available for future repurchases as of February 1, 2013.
On December 31, 2012, Kforce entered into a corporate stock repurchase plan (the “Plan”), which allows Kforce to repurchase outstanding common stock under a share repurchase program authorized by Kforce’s Board of Directors. The Plan is in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, is effective from January 1, 2013 through February 7, 2013 and is subject to certain price, market, volume and timing constraints specified in the Plan.
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Contractual Obligations and Commitments
The following table presents our expected future contractual obligations as of December 31, 2012:
| Payments due by period | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in $000’s) |
Total | Less than 1 year |
1-3 Years | 3-5 Years | More than 5 years |
|||||||||||||||
| Operating lease obligations |
$ | 9,768 | $ | 5,102 | $ | 4,436 | $ | 230 | $ | — | ||||||||||
| Capital lease obligations |
2,692 | 1,378 | 1,155 | 159 | — | |||||||||||||||
| Credit Facility (a) |
21,000 | — | — | 21,000 | — | |||||||||||||||
| Interest payable – Credit Facility (b) |
1,181 | 315 | 630 | 236 | — | |||||||||||||||
| Purchase obligations |
14,629 | 7,479 | 6,740 | 410 | — | |||||||||||||||
| Liability for unrecognized tax positions (c) |
— | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| Deferred compensation plan liability (d) |
20,814 | 1,741 | 1,081 | 1,037 | 16,955 | |||||||||||||||
| Other (e) |
— | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| Supplemental executive retirement plan (f) |
43,591 | 10,682 | — | — | 32,909 | |||||||||||||||
| Supplement executive retirement health plan (f) |
11,299 | 20 | 98 | 108 | 11,073 | |||||||||||||||
| Foreign defined benefit pension plan (g) |
40,724 | — | 383 | 17 | 40,324 | |||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
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| Total |
$ | 165,698 | $ | 26,717 | $ | 14,523 | $ | 23,197 | $ | 101,261 | ||||||||||
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| (a) | The Credit Facility expires in September 2016. |
| (b) | Kforce’s weighted average interest rate as of December 31, 2012 was 1.50%, which was utilized to forecast the expected future interest rate payments. These payments are inherently uncertain due to interest rate and outstanding borrowings fluctuations that will occur over the remaining term of the Credit Facility. |
| (c) | Kforce’s liability for unrecognized tax positions as of December 31, 2012 was $0.1 million. This balance has been excluded from the table above due to the significant uncertainty with respect to expected settlements. |
| (d) | Kforce has a non-qualified deferred compensation plan pursuant to which eligible highly-compensated key employees may elect to defer part of their compensation to later years. These amounts, which are classified as other accrued liabilities and other long-term liabilities, respectively, are payable based upon the elections of the plan participants (e.g. retirement, termination of employment, change-in-control). Amounts payable upon the retirement or termination of employment may become payable during the next five years if covered employees schedule a distribution, retire or terminate during that time. |
| (e) | Kforce provides letters of credit to certain vendors in lieu of cash deposits. Kforce currently has letters of credit totaling $3.7 million outstanding as security for workers’ compensation and property insurance policies as well as facility lease deposits. Kforce maintains a sub-limit for letters of credit of $15 million under its Credit Facility. |
| (f) | There is no funding requirement associated with the SERP or the SERHP. Kforce does not currently anticipate funding the SERP or SERHP during 2012. Kforce has included the total undiscounted projected benefit payments, as determined at December 31, 2012, in the table above. During October 2012, the Firm announced the prospective retirement of a participant in the SERP and SERHP, which is expected to be June 1, 2013. As a result, the Firm is expecting to pay out a lump sum related to the SERP in December 2013. Additionally, the Firm will begin to incur medical related costs and expenses during the year ended December 31, 2013 as it relates to the SERHP. See Note 12 – “Employee Benefit Plans” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more detail. |
| (g) | Kforce has included the total undiscounted projected benefit payments, as determined at December 31, 2012 in the table above. There is no funding requirement associated with this plan. |
Kforce has no material unrecorded commitments, losses, contingencies or guarantees associated with any related parties or unconsolidated entities.
Income Tax Audits
Kforce is periodically subject to U.S. Internal Revenue Service audits as well as state and other local income tax audits for various tax years. During 2011, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) commenced an examination of the Company’s 2009 U.S. income tax return. No material liabilities are expected to result from the ongoing examination. Although Kforce has not experienced any material liabilities in the past due to income tax audits, Kforce can make no assurances concerning future tax audits.
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Registration Statement on Form S-3
On April 27, 2012, Kforce filed a Registration Statement on Form S-3 that allows the issuance of up to $250 million of common stock and other equity, debt and financial instruments for general corporate purposes which may include capital expenditures, the repayment or refinancing of debt, investments in our subsidiaries, working capital, or the financing of possible acquisitions or business opportunities. Such filings are referred to as “Shelf Registrations.” No issuance of securities has been made under this registration statement as of December 31, 2012. There is no assurance that the existence of the Shelf Registration will assist Kforce in registering its securities in connection with future efforts to raise capital or for other purposes. The Shelf Registration will expire in April of 2015, and we expect to file a new Shelf Registration prior to its expiration.
| Item 7A. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. |
In addition to the risks inherent in its operations, Kforce is exposed to certain market risks, primarily changes in interest rates.
As of December 31, 2012, we had $21.0 million outstanding under our Credit Facility. Our weighted average effective interest rate on our Credit Facility was 1.50% at December 31, 2012. A hypothetical 10% increase in interest rates in effect at December 31, 2012 would not have any significant effect on Kforce’s annual interest expense.
We do not believe that we have a material exposure to fluctuations in foreign currencies because our international operations represented approximately 2% of net service revenues for the year ended December 31, 2012, and because our international operations’ functional currency is the U.S. Dollar. However, Kforce will continue to assess the impact which currency fluctuations could have on our operations going forward.
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Table of Contents
| Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. |
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Kforce Inc.
Tampa, FL
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Kforce Inc. and subsidiaries (“Kforce”) as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15. We also have audited Kforce’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Kforce’s management is responsible for these financial statements and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Kforce Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, such financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein. Also, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on the criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Certified Public Accountants
Tampa, Florida
February 22, 2013
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
| YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| Net service revenues |
$ | 1,082,479 | $ | 1,004,747 | $ | 886,657 | ||||||
| Direct costs of services |
734,546 | 687,000 | 602,811 | |||||||||
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|
|
|
|
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| Gross profit |
347,933 | 317,747 | 283,846 | |||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses |
322,436 | 274,072 | 251,156 | |||||||||
| Goodwill impairment |
69,158 | — | — | |||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization |
10,789 | 12,505 | 12,589 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| (Loss) income from operations |
(54,450) | 31,170 | 20,101 | |||||||||
| Other expense: |
||||||||||||
| Interest expense |
1,009 | 1,196 | 1,214 | |||||||||
| Other expense |
107 | 60 | 22 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| (Loss) income from continuing operations, before income taxes |
(55,566) | 29,914 | 18,865 | |||||||||
| Income tax (benefit) expense |
(19,854) | 10,858 | 6,869 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| (Loss) income from continuing operations |
(35,712) | 19,056 | 11,996 | |||||||||
| Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes |
22,009 | 8,100 | 8,638 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Net (loss) income |
(13,703) | 27,156 | 20,634 | |||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss): |
||||||||||||
| Pension and postretirement plans adjustments, net of tax |
1,337 | (2,570) | (267) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Comprehensive (loss) income |
$ | (12,366) | $ | 24,586 | $ | 20,367 | ||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Earnings (loss) per share – basic: |
||||||||||||
| From continuing operations |
$ | (1.00) | $ | 0.50 | $ | 0.30 | ||||||
| From discontinued operations |
$ | 0.62 | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.22 | ||||||
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|
|
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|
|||||||
| Earnings (loss) per share – basic |
$ | (0.38) | $ | 0.72 | $ | 0.52 | ||||||
|
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|
|
|
|||||||
| Earnings (loss) per share – diluted |
||||||||||||
| From continuing operations |
$ | (1.00) | $ | 0.49 | $ | 0.30 | ||||||
| From discontinued operations |
$ | 0.62 | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.21 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Earnings (loss) per share – diluted |
$ | (0.38) | $ | 0.70 | $ | 0.51 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding – basic |
35,791 | 37,835 | 39,480 | |||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted |
35,791 | 38,831 | 40,503 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Cash dividends declared per share |
$ | 1.00 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
41
Table of Contents
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(IN THOUSANDS)
| DECEMBER 31, | ||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current Assets: |
||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 1,381 | $ | 939 | ||||
| Trade receivables, net of allowances of $2,153 and $2,457, respectively |
151,570 | 174,764 | ||||||
| Income tax refund receivable |
1,750 | 250 | ||||||
| Deferred tax assets, net |
9,494 | 4,694 | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
7,364 | 5,592 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current assets |
171,559 | 186,239 | ||||||
| Fixed assets, net |
34,883 | 36,124 | ||||||
| Other assets, net |
28,038 | 32,554 | ||||||
| Deferred tax assets, net |
21,523 | 10,042 | ||||||
| Intangible assets, net |
5,736 | 6,635 | ||||||
| Goodwill |
63,410 | 138,078 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total assets |
$ | 325,149 | $ | 409,672 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |
||||||||
| Current Liabilities: |
||||||||
| Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities |
$ | 36,205 | $ | 26,314 | ||||
| Accrued payroll costs |
50,063 | 55,151 | ||||||
| Other current liabilities |
11,564 | 1,463 | ||||||
| Income taxes payable |
1,042 | 236 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current liabilities |
98,874 | 83,164 | ||||||
| Long-term debt – credit facility |
21,000 | 49,526 | ||||||
| Long-term debt – other |
1,144 | 1,609 | ||||||
| Other long-term liabilities |
34,285 | 42,258 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total liabilities |
155,303 | 176,557 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Commitments and contingencies (see Note 15) |
||||||||
| Stockholders’ Equity: |
||||||||
| Preferred stock, $0.01 par; 15,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding |
— | — | ||||||
| Common stock, $0.01 par; 250,000 shares authorized, 68,531 and 68,566 issued, respectively |
685 | 686 | ||||||
| Additional paid-in capital |
400,688 | 372,212 | ||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
(2,713) | (4,050) | ||||||
| Retained earnings |
40,203 | 89,135 | ||||||
| Treasury stock, at cost; 33,980 and 30,644 shares, respectively |
(269,017) | (224,868) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total stockholders’ equity |
169,846 | 233,115 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |
$ | 325,149 | $ | 409,672 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
42
Table of Contents
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(IN THOUSANDS)
| YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| Common stock – shares: |
||||||||||||
| Shares at beginning of period |
68,566 | 66,542 | 63,281 | |||||||||
| Exercise of stock options and stock appreciation rights |
70 | 420 | 1,212 | |||||||||
| Issuance of restricted stock, net of forfeitures |
(105) | 1,604 | 2,049 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Shares at end of period |
68,531 | 68,566 | 66,542 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Common stock – par value: |
||||||||||||
| Balance at beginning of period |
$ | 686 | $ | 665 | $ | 633 | ||||||
| Exercise of stock options and stock appreciation rights |
— | 5 | 12 | |||||||||
| Issuance of restricted stock, net of forfeitures |
(1) | 16 | 20 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Balance at end of period |
$ | 685 | $ | 686 | $ | 665 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Additional paid-in capital: |
||||||||||||
| Balance at beginning of period |
$ | 372,212 | $ | 355,869 | $ | 338,890 | ||||||
| Exercise of stock options and stock appreciation rights |
736 | 2,854 | 8,626 | |||||||||
| Income tax benefit from stock-based compensation |
1,201 | 1,216 | 2,337 | |||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense |
26,243 | 11,976 | 6,036 | |||||||||
| Employee stock purchase plan |
260 | 313 | — | |||||||||
| Issuance of restricted stock, net of forfeitures |
36 | (16) | (20) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Balance at end of period |
$ | 400,688 | $ | 372,212 | $ | 355,869 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income: |
||||||||||||
| Balance at beginning of period |
$ | (4,050) | $ | (1,480) | $ | (1,213) | ||||||
| Pension and postretirement plans adjustments, net of tax of $854, $1,532 and $170, respectively |
1,337 | (2,570) | (267) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Balance at end of period |
$ | (2,713) | $ | (4,050) | $ | (1,480) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Retained earnings: |
||||||||||||
| Balance at beginning of period |
$ | 89,135 | $ | 61,979 | $ | 41,345 | ||||||
| Net (loss) income |
(13,703) | 27,156 | 20,634 | |||||||||
| Dividend ($1.00 per share) |
(35,229) | — | — | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Balance at end of period |
$ | 40,203 | $ | 89,135 | $ | 61,979 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Treasury stock – shares: |
||||||||||||
| Shares at beginning of period |
30,644 | 24,823 | 24,176 | |||||||||
| Repurchases of common stock |
3,376 | 5,746 | 227 | |||||||||
| Shares tendered in payment of the exercise price of stock options |
11 | 131 | 420 | |||||||||
| Employee stock purchase plan |
(51) | (56) | — | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Shares at end of period |
33,980 | 30,644 | 24,823 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Treasury stock – cost: |
||||||||||||
| Balance at beginning of period |
$ | (224,868) | $ | (163,216) | $ | (152,930) | ||||||
| Repurchases of common stock |
(44,375) | (59,643) | (3,581) | |||||||||
| Shares tendered in payment of the exercise price of stock options |
(161) | (2,401) | (6,705) | |||||||||
| Employee stock purchase plan |
387 | 392 | — | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Balance at end of period |
$ | (269,017) | $ | (224,868) | $ | (163,216) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
43
Table of Contents
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(IN THOUSANDS)
| YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: |
||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income |
$ | (13,703) | $ | 27,156 | $ | 20,634 | ||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to cash provided by (used in) operating activities: |
||||||||||||
| Gain on sale of discontinued operations |
(36,418) | — | — | |||||||||
| Goodwill impairment and intangible asset impairment |
69,158 | — | — | |||||||||
| Deferred income tax provision, net |
(17,136) | 653 | 2,534 | |||||||||
| Provision for (recovery of) bad debts on accounts receivable and other accounts receivable reserves |
1,860 | (925) | (2,996) | |||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization |
10,862 | 12,694 | 12,611 | |||||||||
| Stock-based compensation |
25,740 | 11,976 | 6,036 | |||||||||
| Pension and postretirement benefit plans expense |
4,505 | 4,369 | 4,025 | |||||||||
| Amortization of deferred financing costs |
92 | 139 | 151 | |||||||||
| Tax benefit attributable to stock-based compensation |
1,201 | 1,216 | 2,337 | |||||||||
| Excess tax benefit attributable to stock-based compensation |
(1,130) | (878) | (1,519) | |||||||||
| Deferred compensation liability increase (decrease), net |
2,111 | (634) | 2,431 | |||||||||
| Loss (gain) on cash surrender value of Company-owned life insurance |
(1,797) | 1,733 | (1,246) | |||||||||
| Other |
55 | 251 | 282 | |||||||||
| (Increase) decrease in operating assets, net of acquisitions: |
||||||||||||
| Trade receivables, net |
4,298 | (25,332) | (22,366) | |||||||||
| Income tax refund receivable |
(1,500) | 5,425 | (5,429) | |||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
(2,246) | (380) | (199) | |||||||||
| Other assets, net |
244 | 75 | (155) | |||||||||
| Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities, net of acquisitions: |
||||||||||||
| Accounts payable and other current liabilities |
10,913 | (4,576) | 5,688 | |||||||||
| Accrued payroll costs |
(241) | 1,395 | 3,771 | |||||||||
| Income taxes payable |
807 | (15) | (30) | |||||||||
| Other long-term liabilities |
(1,697) | (3,102) | 2,030 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Cash provided by operating activities |
55,978 | 31,240 | 28,590 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: |
||||||||||||
| Capital expenditures |
(5,846) | (6,495) | (37,747) | |||||||||
| Proceeds from disposition of business, net of cash |
55,446 | — | — | |||||||||
| Proceeds from borrowings against cash surrender value of company-owned life insurance policies |
— | — | 4,959 | |||||||||
| Proceeds from the sale of assets held within the Rabbi Trust |
4,259 | — | — | |||||||||
| Premiums paid for company-owned life insurance policies, net |
(1,460) | (3,440) | (3,331) | |||||||||
| Other |
6 | (155) | 351 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Cash provided by (used in) in investing activities |
52,405 | (10,090) | (35,768) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: |
||||||||||||
| Proceeds from bank line of credit |
241,973 | 488,468 | 448,490 | |||||||||
| Payments on bank line of credit |
(270,499) | (449,767) | (440,665) | |||||||||
| Payments of capital expenditure financing |
(1,802) | (1,497) | (1,752) | |||||||||
| Payments of deferred loan financing costs |
— | (450) | — | |||||||||
| Short-term vendor financing |
253 | 287 | (523) | |||||||||
| Proceeds from exercise of stock options, net of shares tendered in payment of the exercise price of stock options |
575 | 458 | 1,933 | |||||||||
| Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation |
1,130 | 878 | 1,519 | |||||||||
| Repurchases of common stock |
(44,375) | (59,643) | (3,581) | |||||||||
| Cash dividend |
(35,196) | — | — | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Cash (used in) provided by financing activities |
(107,941) | (21,266) | 5,421 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Change in cash and cash equivalents |
442 | (116) | (1,757) | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |
939 | 1,055 | 2,812 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of year |
$ | 1,381 | $ | 939 | $ | 1,055 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
44
Table of Contents
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Organization and Nature of Operations
Kforce Inc. and subsidiaries (collectively, “Kforce”) provide professional staffing services and solutions to customers in the following segments: Technology (“Tech”), Finance and Accounting (“FA”), Health Information Management (“HIM”) and Government Solutions (“GS”). Kforce provides flexible staffing services and solutions on both a temporary and full-time basis. Kforce operates through its corporate headquarters in Tampa, Florida and 62 field offices located throughout the United States (the “U.S.”). Additionally, one of our subsidiaries, Kforce Global Solutions, Inc. (“Global”), provides information technology outsourcing services internationally through an office in Manila, Philippines. Our international operations comprised approximately 2% of net service revenues for each of the three years ended December 31, 2012 and are included in our Tech segment.
Kforce serves clients from the Fortune 1000, the Federal Government, state and local governments, local and regional companies and small to mid-sized companies.
Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements of Kforce have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Kforce Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. References in this document to “Kforce,” “the Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” refer to Kforce Inc. and its subsidiaries, except where the context indicates otherwise. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The most important of these estimates and assumptions relate to the following: accounting for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets and any related impairment; stock-based compensation; obligations for pension and postretirement benefit plans; self-insured liabilities for workers’ compensation and health insurance; allowance for doubtful accounts, fallouts and other accounts receivable reserves and accounting for income taxes. Although these and other estimates and assumptions are based on the best available information, actual results could be materially different from these estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Kforce classifies all highly liquid investments with an original initial maturity of three months or less as cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand with banks, either in commercial accounts, or overnight interest-bearing money market accounts and at times may exceed federally insured limits. Cash and cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value due to the short duration of their maturities.
45
Table of Contents
Accounts Receivable Reserves
Kforce establishes its reserves for expected credit losses, fallouts, early payment discounts and revenue adjustments based on past experience and estimates of potential future activity. Specific to our allowance for doubtful accounts, which comprises a majority of our accounts receivable reserves, Kforce performs an ongoing analysis of factors including recent write-off and delinquency trends, a specific analysis of significant receivable balances that are past due, the concentration of accounts receivable among clients and higher-risk sectors, and the current state of the U.S. economy. Trade receivables are written off by Kforce after all reasonable collection efforts have been exhausted.
Accounts receivable reserves as a percentage of gross accounts receivable was 1.4% as of both December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.
Revenue Recognition
We earn revenues from two primary sources: Flexible billings and Search fees. Flexible billings are recognized as the services are provided by Kforce’s temporary employees, who are Kforce’s legal employees while they are working on assignments. Kforce pays all related costs of such employment, including workers’ compensation insurance, state and federal unemployment taxes, social security and certain fringe benefits. Search fees are recognized by Kforce when employment candidates accept offers of permanent employment and are scheduled to commence employment within 30 days. Kforce records revenues net of an estimated reserve for “fallouts,” which is based on Kforce’s historical fallout experience. Fallouts occur when a candidate does not remain employed with the client through the contingency period, which is typically 90 days or less.
Net service revenues represent services rendered to customers less credits, discounts, rebates and allowances. Revenues include reimbursements of travel and out-of-pocket expenses (“billable expenses”) with equivalent amounts of expense recorded in direct costs of services.
Our GS segment generates its revenues under contracts that are, in general, greater in duration than our other segments and which can often span several years, inclusive of renewal periods. In addition, our GS generates substantially all of its revenues under time-and-materials (which account for the majority of this segment’s contracts), fixed-price and cost-plus arrangements. Our GS segment does not generate any Search fees. Except as provided below, Kforce considers amounts to be earned once evidence of an arrangement has been obtained, services are delivered, fees are fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured.
| ¡ | Revenues for time-and-materials contracts, which accounts for approximately 68.5% of this segment’s revenue, are recorded based on contractually established billing rates at the time services are provided. |
| ¡ | Revenues on fixed-price contracts are recognized on the basis of the estimated percentage-of-completion. Approximately 18.8% of this segment’s revenues are recognized under this method. Progress towards completion is typically measured based on costs incurred as a proportion of estimated total costs or other measures of progress when applicable. Profit in a given period is reported at the expected profit margin to be achieved on the overall contract. |
| ¡ | Revenue on cost-plus arrangements is recognized based on allowable costs incurred plus an estimate of the applicable fees earned. Approximately 12.7% of this segment’s revenues are recognized under these arrangements. |
Direct Costs of Services
Direct costs of services are composed primarily of payroll wages, payroll taxes, payroll-related insurance for Kforce’s flexible employees, and subcontractor costs. Direct costs of permanent placement services primarily consist of reimbursable expenses. Direct costs of services exclude depreciation and amortization expense, which is presented on a separate line in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
Income Taxes
Kforce accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach to the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. Unless it is “more likely than not” that a deferred tax asset can be utilized to offset future taxes, a valuation allowance is recorded against that asset. The tax benefits of deductions attributable to employees’ disqualifying dispositions of shares obtained from incentive stock options, exercises of non-qualified stock options, and vesting of restricted stock are reflected as increases in additional paid-in capital.
46
Table of Contents
Kforce evaluates tax positions that have been taken or are expected to be taken in its tax returns, and records a liability for uncertain tax positions. Kforce uses a two-step approach to recognize and measure uncertain tax positions. First, tax positions are recognized if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. Second, tax positions are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement. Kforce recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Fair Value Measurements
Kforce uses the framework established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) for measuring fair value and disclosures about fair value measurements. Kforce uses fair value measurements in areas that include, but are not limited to: the impairment testing of goodwill and long-lived assets; share-based compensation arrangements; valuing the investment in bond mutual funds within the Kforce’s deferred compensation plan and capital lease obligations. The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and other current assets and liabilities approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of these instruments. The carrying value of our debt approximates fair value due to the variable nature of the interest rates under Kforce’s credit facility resulting from the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement that it entered into on September 20, 2011 with a syndicate led by Bank of America, N.A., and as was amended on March 30, 2012 (the “Credit Facility”). Using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies, Kforce has determined the estimated fair value measurements; however, considerable judgment is required in interpreting data to develop the estimates of fair value.
Fixed Assets
Fixed assets are carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The cost of leasehold improvements is amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the terms of the related leases, which generally range from three to five years.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill
Kforce performs a goodwill impairment analysis, using the two-step method, on an annual basis and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable unless it is determined based upon a review of the qualitative factors of a reporting unit it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit was less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. Under the two-step method, the recoverability of goodwill is measured at the reporting unit level, which Kforce has determined to be consistent with its operating segments; by comparing the reporting unit’s carrying amount, including goodwill, to the fair market value of the reporting unit. Kforce determines the fair market value of its reporting units based on a weighting of the present value of projected future cash flows (the “income approach”) and the use of comparative market approach under both the guideline company method and guideline transaction method (the “market approach”). Fair market value using the income approach is based on Kforce’s estimated future cash flows on a discounted basis. The market approach compares each of Kforce’s reporting units to other comparable companies based on valuation multiples derived from operational and transactional data to arrive at a fair value. Factors requiring significant judgment include, among others, the determination of comparable companies, assumptions related to forecasted operating results, discount rates, long-term growth rates, and market multiples. Changes in economic or operating conditions that occur after the annual impairment analysis and which impact these assumptions, may result in a future goodwill impairment charge, which could be material to Kforce’s consolidated financial statements.
As is more fully described in Note 6 – “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” Kforce completed its annual goodwill impairment test as of December 31, 2012 resulting in no impairment charges for any of Kforce’s reporting units. Kforce recorded a goodwill impairment charges totaling $69.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2012 resulting from the interim impairment test performed as of June 30, 2012. No impairment charges were recorded during the years ended December 31, 2011 or 2010.
Other Intangible Assets
Identifiable intangible assets arising from certain of Kforce’s acquisitions include non-compete and employment agreements, contractual relationships, customer contracts, trademarks and trade names. For definite-lived intangible assets, Kforce has determined that the straight-line method is an appropriate methodology to allocate the cost over the period of expected benefit, which ranges from one to 15 years.
The impairment evaluation for indefinite-lived intangible assets, which for Kforce consist of trademarks and trade names, is conducted on an annual basis or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that an asset may be impaired. No impairment charge was recorded for the three years ended December 31, 2012.
47
Table of Contents
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Kforce reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of long-lived assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset group to the future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by those assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment charge recognized is the amount by which the carrying amounts of the assets exceed the fair value of the assets. Other than the impairment charges discussed in the preceding section, there were no other impairment charges recorded during the three years ended December 31, 2012.
Capitalized Software
Kforce purchases, develops, and implements new computer software to enhance the performance of our Company-wide technology infrastructure. Direct internal costs, such as payroll and payroll-related costs, and external costs incurred during the development stage of each project, are capitalized and classified as capitalized software. Kforce capitalized development-stage implementation costs of $1,718, $2,876 and $4,504 during the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Capitalized software development costs are classified as other assets, net in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and are being amortized over the estimated useful lives of the software, which range from one to five years, using the straight-line method.
Commissions
Our associates make placements and earn commissions as a percentage of actual revenues (for Search revenue) or gross profit (for Flex revenue) pursuant to a calendar-year-basis commission plan. The amount of commissions paid as a percentage of revenues or gross profit increases as volume increases. Kforce accrues commissions for actual revenues or gross profit at a percentage equal to the percent of total expected commissions payable to total revenues or gross profit for the year, as applicable.
Stock-Based Compensation
Kforce accounts for stock-based compensation by measuring the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award. Due to the types of equity instruments issued by Kforce over the last several years, that cost is usually recognized over a derived service period, net of estimated forfeitures. No compensation cost is recognized for equity instruments for which employees do not render the requisite service. For awards settled in cash, we measure compensation expense based on the fair value of the award at each reporting date, net of estimated forfeitures. For awards issued with performance conditions, Kforce recognizes compensation expense for only the portion of the award that is expected to vest, rather than record forfeitures when they occur. If the actual number of forfeitures differs from those estimated, additional adjustments to compensation expense may be required in future periods. Total compensation expense recognized during the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $26,243, $11,976 and $7,599, respectively. The related tax benefit for the three years ended December 31, 2012 was $10,241, $4,696 and $2,989, respectively.
Workers’ Compensation
Kforce retains the economic burden for the first $250 per occurrence in workers’ compensation claims except: (i) in states that require participation in state-operated insurance funds and (ii) for its GS segment which is fully insured for workers’ compensation claims. Workers’ compensation includes ongoing health care and indemnity coverage for claims and may be paid over numerous years following the date of injury. Workers’ compensation expense includes insurance premiums paid, claims administration fees charged by Kforce’s workers’ compensation administrator, premiums paid to state-operated insurance funds and an estimate for Kforce’s liability for Incurred but Not Reported (“IBNR”) claims and for the ongoing development of existing claims.
Kforce estimates its workers’ compensation liability based upon historical claims experience, actuarially determined loss development factors, and qualitative considerations such as claims management activities.
Taxes Assessed by Governmental Agencies – Revenue Producing Transactions
Kforce collects sales tax for various taxing authorities and it is our policy to record these amounts on a net basis; thus, sales tax amounts are not included in net service revenues.
Health Insurance
Except for certain fully insured health insurance lines of coverage, Kforce retains liability of up to $270 annually for each health insurance plan participant. For its partially self-insured lines of coverage, health insurance costs are accrued using estimates to approximate the liability for reported claims and IBNR claims, which are primarily based upon an evaluation of historical claims experience, actuarially-determined completion factors and a qualitative review of our health insurance exposure including the extent of outstanding claims and expected changes in health insurance costs.
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Accounting for Postretirement Benefits
Kforce recognizes the overfunded or underfunded status of its defined benefit postretirement plans as an asset or liability in its consolidated balance sheets and recognizes changes in that funded status in the year in which the changes occur through other comprehensive income (loss). Kforce also measures the funded status of the defined benefit postretirement plans as of the date of its fiscal year-end, with limited exceptions.
Amortization of a net unrecognized gain or loss in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is included as a component of net periodic benefit cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost if, as of the beginning of the year, that net gain or loss exceeds 10% of the greater of the projected benefit obligation or accumulated postretirement benefit obligation. If amortization is required, the minimum amortization shall be that excess divided by the average remaining service period of active plan participants.
Earnings per Share
Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed as earnings (loss) divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Basic weighted average shares outstanding excludes unvested shares of restricted stock (“RS”) and performance-accelerated restricted stock (“PARS”). Diluted earnings (loss) per common share is computed by dividing the earnings (loss) attributable to common shareholders for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period plus the dilutive effect of stock options and other potentially dilutive securities such as unvested shares of RS using the treasury stock method, except where the effect of including potential common shares would be anti-dilutive. Weighted average shares outstanding for purposes of computing diluted earnings per common share excludes contingently issuable unvested PARS unless the performance condition has been achieved as of the end of the applicable reporting period.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the three years ended December 31, 2012:
| Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| Numerator: |
||||||||||||
| (Loss) income from continuing operations |
$ | (35,712) | $ | 19,056 | $ | 11,996 | ||||||
| Income from discontinued operations, net of tax |
22,009 | 8,100 | 8,638 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Net (loss) income |
$ | (13,703) | $ | 27,156 | $ | 20,634 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Denominator: |
||||||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding – basic |
35,791 | 37,835 | 39,480 | |||||||||
| Common stock equivalents |
— | 996 | 1,023 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted |
35,791 | 38,831 | 40,503 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| (Loss) earnings per share – basic: |
||||||||||||
| From continuing operations |
$ | (1.00) | $ | 0.50 | $ | 0.30 | ||||||
| From discontinued operations |
0.62 | 0.22 | 0.22 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| (Loss) earnings per share – basic |
$ | (0.38) | $ | 0.72 | $ | 0.52 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| (Loss) earnings per share – diluted: |
||||||||||||
| From continuing operations |
$ | (1.00) | $ | 0.49 | $ | 0.30 | ||||||
| From discontinued operations |
0.62 | 0.21 | 0.21 | |||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| (Loss) earnings per share – diluted |
$ | (0.38) | $ | 0.70 | $ | 0.51 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Given that Kforce had a loss from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2012, the calculation of diluted loss per share from continuing operations, earnings from discontinued operations, and net loss is computed using basic weighted average common shares outstanding. For the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the total weighted average awards to purchase or receive 33 and 74 shares of common stock were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share, respectively, because these would have had an anti-dilutive effect on earnings per share.
Treasury Stock
Kforce’s Board of Directors (“Board”) may authorize share repurchases of Kforce’s common stock. Shares repurchased under Board authorizations are held in treasury for general corporate purposes, including issuances under various employee share-based award plans. Treasury shares are accounted for under the cost method and reported as a reduction of stockholders’ equity in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
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Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) represents the net after-tax impact of unrecognized actuarial gains and losses related to: (i) the supplemental executive retirement plan and supplemental executive retirement health plan, both of which cover a limited number of executives and (ii) a defined benefit plan covering all eligible employees in our Philippine operations. Because each of these plans is unfunded as of December 31, 2012, the actuarial gains and losses arise as a result of the actuarial experience of the plans as well as changes in actuarial assumptions in measuring the associated obligation as of year-end, or an interim date if any re-measurement is necessary. This information is provided in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
Dividends
Kforce’s Board may, at its discretion, declare and pay dividends on the outstanding shares of the Firm’s common stock out of the Firm’s retained earnings. On December 7, 2012, the Board declared a special cash dividend on common stock of $1.00 per share, which was paid on December 27, 2012 to shareholders of record as of the close of business on December 17, 2012 (“Record Date”). Dividends for any outstanding and unvested RS as of the Record Date are awarded in the form of additional shares of RS having the same vesting terms as the outstanding and unvested RS.
New Accounting Standards
In December 2011, the FASB issued authoritative guidance regarding the presentation of netting assets and liabilities as a single amount in the statement of financial position to address the difference between GAAP and international financial reporting standards (“IFRS”). This guidance is to be applied for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013, and interim periods within those annual periods. Kforce does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its future consolidated financial statements.
In July 2012, the FASB issued amended guidance on the testing of indefinite-lived intangible assets, other than goodwill, for impairment. The amended guidance allows an entity to perform a qualitative impairment assessment before calculating the fair value of the asset. Entities should continue to test indefinite-lived intangible assets annually for impairment and between annual tests if there is a change in events or circumstances. This guidance is effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012, with early adoption permitted. Kforce does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its future consolidated financial statements
2. Discontinued Operations
On March 17, 2012, Kforce entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “SPA”) to sell all of the issued and outstanding stock of Kforce Clinical Research, Inc. (“KCR”) to inVentiv Health, Inc. (“Purchaser”). On March 31, 2012 (“Closing Date”), the Firm closed the sale of KCR to the Purchaser for a total cash purchase price of $57,335, after giving effect to a $7,335 post-closing working capital adjustment.
In connection with the closing of the sale, Kforce entered into a Transition Services Agreement (“TSA”) with the Purchaser to provide certain post-closing transitional services for a period not to exceed 18 months from the Closing Date. The fees for a significant majority of these services have been and will continue to be generally equivalent to Kforce’s cost. Other services, if necessary, would be provided at negotiated rates.
Although the services provided under the TSA generate continuing cash flows between Kforce and the Purchaser, the amounts are not considered to be direct cash flows of the discontinued operation nor are they significant to the ongoing operations of either entity. Kforce has no contractual ability through the TSA, SPA or any other agreement to significantly influence the operating or financial policies of the Purchaser. As a result, Kforce has no significant continuing involvement in the operations of KCR and, as such, has classified such operating results as discontinued operations.
In accordance with the SPA, Kforce is obligated to indemnify the Purchaser for certain losses, as defined, in excess of $375 although this deductible does not apply to certain losses. Kforce’s obligations under the indemnification provisions of the SPA shall, with the exception of certain items, cease 18 months from the Closing Date and are limited to an aggregate of $5,000 although this cap does not apply to certain losses. While it cannot be certain, Kforce believes any exposure under the indemnification provisions is remote and, as a result, has not recorded a liability as of December 31, 2012.
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The financial results of KCR have been presented as discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The following summarizes the results from discontinued operations for the three years ended December 31, 2012.
| YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| Net service revenues |
$ | 29,808 | $ | 106,172 | $ | 104,150 | ||||||
| Direct costs of services and operating expenses |
26,491 | 92,775 | 89,691 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| 3,317 | 13,397 | 14,459 | ||||||||||
| Gain on sale of discontinued operations |
36,418 | — | — | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Income from discontinued operations, before income taxes |
39,735 | 13,397 | 14,459 | |||||||||
| Income tax expense |
17,726 | 5,297 | 5,821 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes |
$ | 22,009 | $ | 8,100 | $ | 8,638 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
For comparability purposes, the following table provides the unaudited financial results of KCR for fiscal 2011 for each of the three months ended:
| THREE MONTHS ENDED | ||||||||||||||||
| March 31, 2011 | June 30, 2011 | September 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2011 |
|||||||||||||
| Net service revenues |
$ | 26,029 | $ | 25,966 | $ | 27,967 | $ | 26,210 | ||||||||
| Direct costs of services and operating expenses |
22,645 | 22,684 | 24,400 | 23,046 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Income from discontinued operations, before income taxes |
3,384 | 3,282 | 3,567 | 3,164 | ||||||||||||
| Income tax expense |
1,347 | 1,337 | 1,447 | 1,166 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes |
$ | 2,037 | $ | 1,945 | $ | 2,120 | $ | 1,998 | ||||||||
|
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|
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|
|
|||||||||
Included in the gain on sale of discontinued operations are transaction expenses, which primarily include commissions, stock-based compensation expense related to certain equity awards, legal fees and transaction bonuses totaling $2,151. As of December 31, 2011, accounts receivable pertaining to discontinued operations of $13,692 were outstanding, accounts payable and other accrued liabilities pertaining to discontinued operations of $862 were outstanding and accrued payroll costs of $4,698 pertaining to discontinued operations were outstanding. The assets and liabilities pertaining to the discontinued operations of KCR as of the Closing Date were sold to or assumed by the Purchaser. Kforce does not currently anticipate incurring any significant costs related to its discontinued operations beyond costs necessary to service the TSA. Included in direct costs of services and operating expenses within the table above for the year ended December 31, 2012 are TSA service fees charged to the Purchaser of $2,138, which were equivalent to our cost. Additionally, in connection with the servicing of the TSA, as of December 31, 2012 approximately $2,658 is due to the Purchaser, net of amounts due to Kforce from the Purchaser, and is classified within accounts payable and other accrued liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet.
Kforce utilized the cash proceeds from the sale of KCR to reduce outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility.
Acceleration of Equity Awards
In connection with the disposition of KCR as described above, the Board exercised its discretion, as permitted within the Kforce Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan, to accelerate the vesting, for tax planning purposes, of substantially all of the outstanding and unvested RS, PARS and alternative long-term incentive awards (“ALTI”) effective March 31, 2012. The Firm will recognize a tax benefit from the acceleration of the vesting of RS, PARS and ALTI, which we believe will allow the Firm to maximize the cash proceeds associated with the disposition of KCR. The acceleration resulted in the recognition of previously unrecognized compensation expense during the quarter ended March 31, 2012 of $31,297, which includes $784 of payroll taxes. This expense has been classified in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
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3. Fixed Assets
Major classifications of fixed assets and related useful lives are summarized as follows:
| DECEMBER 31, | ||||||||||||
| USEFUL LIFE | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||
| Land |
$ | 5,892 | $ | 5,892 | ||||||||
| Building and improvements |
5-40 years | 25,121 | 25,009 | |||||||||
| Furniture and equipment |
5-7 years | 8,232 | 7,604 | |||||||||
| Computer equipment |
3-5 years | 7,269 | 6,007 | |||||||||
| Leasehold improvements |
3-5 years | 4,720 | 4,019 | |||||||||
| Capital leases |
3-5 years | 5,902 | 6,432 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| 57,136 | 54,963 | |||||||||||
| Less accumulated depreciation and amortization |
22,253 | 18,839 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| $ | 34,883 | $ | 36,124 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
The estimated useful lives of the building and improvements range from 5 to 40 years. Upon the closing of the acquisition of our corporate headquarters in May 2010, all lease agreements and amendments related to our corporate headquarters were immediately terminated.
Depreciation and amortization expense during the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $5,368, $5,826 and $5,558, respectively.
4. Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes from continuing operations consists of the following:
| YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| Current: |
||||||||||||
| Federal |
$ | (1,238) | $ | 8,784 | $ | 4,345 | ||||||
| State |
(1,097) | 1,244 | (37) | |||||||||
| Deferred |
(17,519) | 830 | 2,561 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| $ | (19,854) | $ | 10,858 | $ | 6,869 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
The provision for income taxes from continuing operations shown above varied from the statutory federal income tax rate for those periods as follows:
| YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| Federal income tax rate |
35.0% | 35.0% | 35.0% | |||||||||
| State income taxes, net of Federal tax effect |
4.7 | 3.3 | 2.7 | |||||||||
| Non-deductible goodwill impairment |
(4.1) | — | — | |||||||||
| Other |
0.1 | (2.0) | (1.3) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Effective tax rate |
35.7% | 36.3% | 36.4% | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
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Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are composed of the following:
| DECEMBER 31, | ||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | |||||||
| Deferred taxes, current: |
||||||||
| Assets: |
||||||||
| Accounts receivable reserves |
$ | 859 | $ | 970 | ||||
| Accrued liabilities |
3,795 | 4,006 | ||||||
| Federal net operating loss carryforwards |
— | 317 | ||||||
| Deferred compensation obligation |
917 | — | ||||||
| Pension and postretirement benefit plans |
4,191 | — | ||||||
| Other |
71 | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Deferred tax assets, current |
9,833 | 5,293 | ||||||
| Liabilities: |
||||||||
| Prepaid expenses |
(339) | (599) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Deferred tax asset, net – current |
9,494 | 4,694 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Deferred taxes, non-current: |
||||||||
| Assets: |
||||||||
| Accrued liabilities |
258 | — | ||||||
| Deferred compensation obligation |
6,622 | 7,606 | ||||||
| Stock-based compensation |
356 | 7,365 | ||||||
| Pension and postretirement benefit plans |
5,563 | 8,632 | ||||||
| Goodwill and intangible assets |
10,142 | — | ||||||
| Deferred revenue |
54 | — | ||||||
| Other |
2,140 | 1,694 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Deferred tax assets, non-current |
25,135 | 25,297 | ||||||
| Liabilities: |
||||||||
| Fixed assets |
(2,659) | (4,272) | ||||||
| Goodwill and intangible assets |
— | (10,889) | ||||||
| Other |
(868) | — | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Deferred tax liabilities, non-current |
(3,527) | (15,161) | ||||||
| Valuation allowance |
(85) | (94) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Deferred tax asset, net – non-current |
21,523 | 10,042 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net deferred tax asset |
$ | 31,017 | $ | 14,736 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
At December 31, 2012, Kforce has approximately $22,317 of state tax net operating losses (“NOLs”) which will be carried forward to be offset against future state taxable income. The state tax NOLs expire in varying amounts through 2031.
In evaluating the realizability of Kforce’s deferred tax assets, management assesses whether it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax assets, will be realized. Management considers, among other things, the ability to generate future taxable income (including reversals of deferred tax liabilities) during the periods in which the related temporary differences will become deductible.
Kforce is periodically subject to U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) audits as well as state and other local income tax audits for various tax years. During 2011, the IRS commenced an examination of Kforce’s U.S. income tax return for 2009. No material liabilities are expected to result from this ongoing examination. Although Kforce has not experienced any material liabilities in the past due to income tax audits, Kforce can make no assurances that this will continue.
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Uncertain Income Tax Positions
An uncertain income tax position taken on the income tax return must be recognized in the consolidated financial statements at the largest amount that is more likely than not to be sustained upon audit by the relevant taxing authority. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 is as follows:
| December 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| Beginning balance |
$ | 72 | $ | 191 | $ | 238 | ||||||
| Additions for tax positions of prior years |
36 | 10 | 53 | |||||||||
| Additions for tax positions of current year |
25 | 38 | — | |||||||||
| Reductions for tax positions of prior years – lapse of applicable statutes |
— | (82) | (76) | |||||||||
| Settlements |
— | (85) | (24) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Ending balance |
$ | 133 | $ | 72 | $ | 191 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
The entire amount of these unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2012, if recognized, would not significantly impact the effective tax rate. Kforce does not expect any significant changes to its uncertain tax positions in the next 12 months.
Kforce and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various states. Global files income tax returns in the Philippines. With a few exceptions, Kforce is no longer subject to federal, state, local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2008.
5. Other Assets
| DECEMBER 31, | ||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | |||||||
| Assets held in Rabbi Trust |
$ | 20,801 | $ | 21,804 | ||||
| Capitalized software, net of amortization |
6,729 | 9,863 | ||||||
| Deferred loan costs, net of amortization |
345 | 436 | ||||||
| Other non-current assets |
163 | 451 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| $ | 28,038 | $ | 32,554 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
As of December 31, 2012, the assets held in Rabbi Trust were $20,801, which was comprised of $16,677 related to the cash surrender value of life insurance policies and $4,124 of bond mutual funds. The cash surrender value of Company-owned life insurance policies relates to policies maintained by Kforce on certain participants in its deferred compensation plan, which, in conjunction with the bond mutual funds, could be used to fund the related obligations (Note 12).
Kforce capitalized software purchases as well as direct costs associated with software developed for internal use of approximately $2,429 and $3,598 during 2012 and 2011, respectively. Accumulated amortization of capitalized software was $31,861 and $27,679 as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Amortization expense of capitalized software during the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $4,587, $5,716 and $4,925, respectively.
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6. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill
The following table contains a disclosure of changes in the carrying amount of goodwill in total and for each reporting unit for the two years ended December 31, 2012:
| Technology | Finance and
Accounting |
Clinical Research |
Health Information Management |
Health and Life Sciences |
Government Solutions |
Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2010 |
$ | 17,034 | $ | 8,006 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 10,397 | $ | 102,641 | $ | 138,078 | ||||||||||||||
| Allocation of goodwill (a) |
— | — | 5,474 | 4,923 | (10,397) | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2011 |
$ | 17,034 | $ | 8,006 | $ | 5,474 | $ | 4,923 | $ | — | $ | 102,641 | $ | 138,078 | ||||||||||||||
| Adjustment |
— | — | 36 | (36) | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Disposition of KCR (b) |
— | — | (5,510) | — | — | — | (5,510) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Impairment of goodwill |
— | — | — | — | — | (69,158) | (69,158) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||