NEW YORK CITY, NY / ACCESS Newswire / September 1, 2025 / A mortgage loan can feel overwhelming, but it doesn't have to be. Whether you're deep into house hunting, planning for the future, or unsure where you stand, getting familiar with the basics of the mortgage process can help you make the best decision for your future as a homeowner.
What is a mortgage?
Simply put, a mortgage is a loan from a lender to buy real estate - meaning land and anything permanently attached to it, including residential properties like homes and condos.
When you take out a mortgage, you promise to repay the lender over time with interest. Most mortgage payments are made monthly and consist of three basic components:
Principal: The amount you borrow from the lender
Interest: The cost of borrowing money, typically expressed as a percentage of the principal
Property taxes: A portion of your annual property tax, estimated and collected by your lender
Your mortgage payment might also include two insurance premiums:
Home insurance: Most lenders require a policy to protect the property. Some pay the premium on your behalf and include the cost in your monthly bill.
Mortgage insurance: If you put down less than 20% of the purchase price, your lender may require this additional policy to protect itself if you stop making payments.
Common mortgage types explained
Mortgages are often grouped by how the interest rate works:
Fixed-rate mortgages, where the interest rate remains the same throughout the life of the loan.
Adjustable-rate mortgages (ARM), where the interest rate is fixed for an introductory period, usually between three and 10 years, then adjusts based on market conditions.
Fixed-rate mortgages offer predictable payments, but the rate is often higher than an ARM's starting rate. ARMs typically start lower, but your rate may increase later.
Another way of grouping mortgage loans is by whether they're part of a government program. Government-backed mortgages are offered by:
Federal Housing Administration (FHA). Qualifying for FHA loans is often easier than other mortgages, making them a good option for people with low credit scores.
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). The VA offers mortgages to eligible veterans, service members, and certain surviving spouses.
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). The home you want to purchase must be in an eligible rural area to get a USDA loan.
Loans that aren't part of a government program are called conventional mortgages. Most U.S. mortgages fall into this category.
5 steps of the mortgage process
Have you ever tried to assemble furniture only to discover the instructions were written in another language? Getting a mortgage can feel like that - except with more paperwork, stricter deadlines, and the added pressure of borrowing a large sum of money.
A little knowledge can help make the mortgage process more manageable. Here are the five main steps in applying for a mortgage:
1. Get prequalified or preapproved.
Prequalification gives you a ballpark figure for how much you can borrow. Preapproval involves a deeper review of your finances and gives you a more accurate estimate. Getting either shows sellers you're a serious buyer.
2. Find a home and make an offer.
With an estimate in hand, you can work with a real estate agent to tour homes, narrow down your options, and submit an offer to the seller when you find the right house.
3. Apply for your mortgage.
After the seller accepts your offer, submit a formal loan application. Be prepared to provide:
Pay stubs.
Bank statements.
Tax returns.
Credit card and loan documents.
You don't have to apply for a mortgage from the lender that preapproved you. Preapproval is nonbinding, so you're free to shop around - just be sure switching won't change your closing.
4. Go through the financial review and underwriting.
The lender and underwriter will pull your credit report, verify your documents, evaluate your finances, and assess the home's value before giving final approval.
5. Close on the loan and get the keys.
On closing day, you'll sign the final paperwork, pay closing costs, and officially become a homeowner.
Mortgages made manageable
Understanding how mortgages work is a key step toward confident and informed homeownership. While the process takes planning and paperwork, knowing what to expect can help you move forward with clarity.
https://www.hud.gov/helping-americans/loans
https://www.va.gov/housing-assistance/home-loans/eligibility/
https://eligibility.sc.egov.usda.gov/eligibility/welcomeAction.do
CONTACT:
Sonakshi Murze
Manager
sonakshi.murze@iquanti.com
SOURCE: iQuanti
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